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Plate Tectonics EQ: How do lithospheric plates move and how do they affect the Earth’s surface? An Idea Before its Time In 1912, ___________________________________ proposed the idea of ____________________________________ He suggested that all of the ____________________________________ were once ___________________________ together to form a _____________________________________________ Pangaea Wegener called this super landmass _____________________________ and believed that it broke apart _________________________ years ago Pangaea means “____________________________” At first, his theory was _________________________________________________ ___________________ to explain how the continents drifted apart Evidence down the Road Years later came important observations that supported Continental Drift 1. _____________________________- similar fossils found in South America and Africa and others found in Africa, Australia, India, South America, and Antarctica. 2. Rock evidence- similar rock structures are found on different continents, such as this ________________________________ that end at one coastline, only to ________________________ on a landmass across the ________________________. 3. Climate Clues- __________________________________ and rock surfaces shows that parts of South America, Africa, India, and Australia were once covered with _____________________________________ Quick Check: 1. What is Continental Drift? _________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What 3 pieces of evidence support the idea of Pangaea? ___________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A New Theory Emerges Wegener could not provide an ________________________ of exactly what made the continents move. New ____________________________ lead to findings which then lead to a _____________________ called __________________________________ This New Evidence… With new technologies, scientists discovered a ___________________________________________ on the _______________________________ known as the ________________________________________ Mid-ocean ridges are underwater chains that run through Earth’s ocean basin Seafloor Spreading Mid-ocean ridges are places where the _____________________________________________________________________ As _______________________________ move away from each other, the seafloor spreads apart and _________________ rises to fill in the gaps The hot magma contacts ocean water, cools and hardens becoming new_________________ This process is known as ____________________________________________ Plate Tectonics The Theory of Plate Tectonics was developed in 1960s and _______________________________ and ______________________________. the theories of Scientist believe the Earth’s _______________ and part of the ______________________ is broken into 13 sections that make up the plates which move on top of the _________________________ Convection Currents Convection currents, originating ___________________________________________, provides the ________________________ that drives plate tectonic These currents rotate in _____________________________, _______________________________________ Plate Boundaries ____________________________________________ are the place where two plates move __________. __________________________ boundaries form where two plates move ________________________. __________________________ fault boundaries are where two plates ____________ past each other without the production or destruction of the lithosphere. Plate Tectonic Discussion Questions: 1. Explain why Wegener’s theory of Continental Drift was not accepted at first. 2. Explain what is Plate Tectonics and what causes the movement of plate tectonics. 3. What are the 3 plate boundaries and describe them.