Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Fall Biology Final 1. What are the steps of the scientific method? Ask a question, form a hypothesis, collect data, analyze data, report conclusions 2. What are the characteristics of all living things? Made of cells, diplays organization, grows and develops, reproduces, respond to stimuli, requires energy, maintains homeostasis, adapts to its environment 3. What is a control group? The group used for comparison 4. What is the difference between an Independent and Dependent Variable? Independent variable is the tested factor that might affect the outcome of the experiment, Dependent variable is the factor that is measured 5. What is the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell? Prokaryotic cells have no membrane bound organelles or nucleus, Eukaryotic cells do 6. What are two of the three premises of the cell theory? All living things are composed of cells, cells are that basic unit of all living things, cells only come from pre-existing cells 7. Who coined the term “cell” after looking at cork with a microscope? Robert Hooke 8. Give two reasons plant cells are different than animal cells? Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts 9. What is selective permeability and which part of the cell does this apply to? The ability of the plasma membrane to let some substances pass through and keep other out 10. How many layers is the plasma membrane? 2, phospholipid BI-layer 11. What are two ways something can transport inside the cell? Diffusion and Active transport 12. Which organelle controls the whole entire cell? Nucleus 13. Which organelle packages proteins? Golgi 14. What makes plasma membrane? phospholipids 15. Which organelle stores water? vacuole 16. Which organelle digests worn out organelles and food particles? lysosome 17. Which organelle produces energy for the cell? mitochondria 18. This organelle makes proteins? ribosome 19. Do endocytosis and exocytosis require energy? yes 20. What is diffusion? The movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration 21. Give an example of diffusion. Drop of food coloring in a beaker of water 22. What is osmosis? Movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to and area of higher solute concentration 23. Give an example of osmosis. Movement of water into a cell 24. All cells have … (fill in the blank) plasma membrane, genetic material, cytoplasm 25. This is a small, dense area of the nucleus that makes ribosomes. nucleolus 26. This is the basic unit of all forms of life. cells 27. What is the function of the chloroplast? To transform light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis 28. If you put a cell itself having 10% solute (90% water) concentration in a container of water having a 20% solute (80% water) concentration, what do you call the 20% solute concentration solution? hypertonic 29. If a cell and the solution both have a 25% solute concentration and a 75% water concentration what do you call the solution? isotonic 30. The main function of the cell wall is …support 31. Which of the following is not found in the nucleus (cytoplasm, nucleolus, chromatin, DNA)?cytoplasm 32. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes…water to move into the cell 33. A hypertonic salt solution has a higher concentration of solutes than a blood cell. Explain what happens to the blood cell when it is placed in a hypertonic salt solution. It will shrink 34. Which of the following are prokaryotes? (plants, animals, bacteria, all of the proceeding) bacteria 35. Which step produces energy (ATP): glycolysis or fermentation? fermentation 36. Without fermentation taking place, why couldn’t glycolysis continue? (think recycling) no pyruvate 37. Name the two types of fermentation? Alcohol and lactic acid 38. Glucose is one of the reactants in glycolysis. Glucose has six-carbon atoms. At the end of glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules of ATP and NADH 39. Write the formula for cellular respiration? C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy 40. Where in the cell does glycolysis take place? mitochondria 41. Where in the process of cellular respiration does oxygen get consumed? Electron transport 42. Where in the process of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide produced? Kreb’s cycle 43. Which process of cellular respiration produces the most ATP? aerobic 44. Which process of cellular respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen after glycolysis? fermentation 45. How many molecules of ATP are produced if cellular respiration is allowed to continue in the presence of oxygen? 36 46. The green pigment which is present in plant cells and allows them to go through photosynthesis is _______________. chlorophyll 47. What is the formula for photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 48. What organelle does photosynthesis take place in? chloroplast 49. List the stages of mitosis and what takes place in each: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, 50. What is being synthesized in the synthesis stage of the Cell Cycle? DNA 51. List the steps of the Cell Cycle and what takes place in each: G1-growth phase, SDNA synthesis, G2-cell prepares for mitosis, M-division of nucleus, C-division of cytoplasm 52. What happens to the chromosome number in daughter cells after mitosis? Meiosis? Maintained, halved 53. What causes cancer? Uncontrolled cell division 54. When does DNA replication occur during the Cell Cycle? S phase 55. What do the letters DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic Acid 56. What are the four bases of DNA? Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine 57. What do the letters of RNA stand for? Ribonucleic Acid 58. What are the four bases of RNA? Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil 59. Define Replication. Making new DNA from existing DNA strand 60. What are the three types of RNA? Messenger, transfer, ribosomal 61. Define Transcription and Translation. Transcription is making RNA from DNA, translation is making proteins from RNA 62. Draw a Punnet Square to show the crossing of a homozygous dominant brown dog with a heterozygous white dog and calculate the percentage of brown and white offspring. 50% HH, 50% Hh 63. What do spindle fibers do during mitosis? Pull apart sister chromatids 64. What type of cell contains centrioles? animal 65. Draw the symbol you would see in a pedigree to show: female, male, carrier, dominant, recessive 66. Who is considered the founding father of evolution? Charles Darwin 67. What is an adaptation? Characteristic that makes an organism more suited to its environment 68. What is the difference between coevolution, punctuated equilibrium, and adaptive radiation? Coevolution occurs when 2 species evolve in response to changes in each other over time, Adaptive radiation occurs when one species evolves into many different species, and punctuated equilibrium occurs when rapid evolution occurs following a long period of equilibrium 69. What is occurring in antibiotic resistance? Bacteria evolve resistance to antibiotic 70. Define evolution. change in populations over time