Download Life Science: Chapter 7 Study Guide

Name ___________________________________ Period __
Life Science: Chapter 7 Study Guide
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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1. Malaria infects red blood cells. _________________________
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2. Some scientists group bacteria into the Kingdom Protista. _________________________
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3. Micrometers are the best unit of length to use when measuring bacteria. _________________________
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4. Bacteria in soil turn oxygen into a nutrient form a plant can use. _________________________
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5. A eukaryote is an organism that has a nucleus. _________________________
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6. A nucleus helps the euglena swim towards light so it can make its own food.
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Completion
Complete each statement.
Select the correct term to complete each sentence. There are extra terms in the list.
Eubacteria
nucleus
organelles
photosynthetic
malaria
food vacuole
living
sporozoans
oxygen
vaccine
host
cilia
bacilli
protozoa
nonliving
ciliate
nitrogen
antibodies
chemosynthesis
contractile vacuole
virus
pseudopod
euglena
7. Protozoa have specialized ____________________ used for movement, feeding, and other functions.
8. ____________________ are groups of protozoa that are parasites.
9. Ciliates are a group of protozoan that move by waving tiny hair-like ____________________.
10. A(n) ___________________________________ is used to help control the amount of water inside an
organism and pump out excess water.
11. A pseudopod can stretch out and surround a piece of food. The food is trapped into a(n) structure called a
_________________________ so it can be taken into the cell.
12. A paramecium is an example of a(n) ____________________.
13. ____________________ is a flagellate that contains chloroplasts and is commonly found in pond water.
14. ____________________ is caused by a sporozoan transmitted by mosquitoes.
15. _________________________ bacteria produce their own food through photosynthesis.
16. A virus infects a type of cell called a ____________________.
17. ____________________ are proteins that bind to viruses and prevent them from infecting cells.
18. A ____________________ is a preparation of virus particles that, when injected into the body, causes the
immune system to produce antibodies.
19. Scientist classify viruses as ____________________.
Short Answer
20. Describe 2 ways that bacteria move.
______________________________________________________________
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21. Describe the difference between anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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22. With a virus such as the flu, you often get a fever. Explain how a fever is a way for the immune system to fight
off an illness. _____________________________________________________________________________
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23.
Protozoa are often classified by how they move. Use the diagram to above to complete the table.
Diagram
Type of protozoan
Organelle used for
How the organelle is
movement
used for movement
A
B
C
24. Although some bacteria are harmful and cause illness, many are important to life on Earth. Give 3 examples
of how bacteria are beneficial to living organisms.
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________________________________________
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25. Know how a host cell can become a “factory” for a virus and how a virus gets in the cell membrane.
26. Label the parts of the organisms and describe the function of any two structures.
A. ____________________
____________________
B. ____________________
____________________
C. ____________________
____________________
D. ____________________
____________________
E. ____________________
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Life Science: Chapter 7 Study Guide
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
T
F, Eubacteria
T
F, nitrogen
T
F, light-sensitive eyespot
COMPLETION
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
organelles
Sporozoans
cilia
contractile vacuole
food vacuole
ciliate
Euglena
Malaria
Photosynthetic
host
Antibodies
vaccine
nonliving
SHORT ANSWER
20. Correct answers will include two of the following:
Bacteria move by using a whip-like flagella.
Bacteria also move by using a slimy layer on the outside to slide over surfaces.
Bacteria are also carried by the movement of air or liquid.
21. Anaerobic bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that do not require oxygen to survive. Aerobic bacteria use
oxygen for cellular respiration.
22. The fever slows down the production of new viruses. Most of your body’s chemical functions work best at a
temperature of 98.6ºF. If your temperature rises, the reactions of producing new viruses slows down.
ESSAY
23. Protozoans move by using specialized organelles. Diagram A represents cilia, hair-like organelles that are
waved back and forth for movement. Protozoa that use these organelles are called ciliates. Diagram B shows a
flagella used by flagellates. The flagella is used as whip-like organelle. Diagram C represents a pseudopod or
“false foot”. The pseudopod is used by amoebas. It stretches its cytoplasm in the direction it will move.
24. Answers may vary. Correct answers include:
Bacteria are beneficial to humans because they are used to make products such as yogurt, cheese, and
medicines.
Bacteria are also helpful to humans because they live in the intestines and to help break down certain foods.
Bacteria are also an important part of nutrients cycles. In soil, they turn nitrogen into a form a plant can use.
When organisms die they break down the compounds and recycle nutrients back into the soil.
OTHER
25. A virus fuses to a cell membrane and release its DNA into the cell. Once inside the cell, the virus DNA
changes how the cell works. The cell is turned into a “factory” for the cell because it begins to produce new
viruses that burst out of the cell and infect other host cells.
26. Correct answers include labels for A-E and two of the structural functions.
A-contractile vacuole- helps control the amount of water in an organism
B-gullet- captures food
C-chloroplast - makes food from sunlight
D-eyespot -helps locate light
E-nucleus- controls the cell