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Understanding The Lightning Thief by Rick Riordan What is Greek Mythology? The people of Ancient Greece shared stories called myths about gods, goddesses, and heroes which they believed Each god was worshipped and ruled over a certain area of nature or life The stories explained natural phenomena that could not be explained by science or psychology In the beginning… There were the Titans and the ruler of the Titans, Kronos. Kronos and his wife, Rhea, began to have children Fear. As a Titan, and ruler of the Titans, Kronos was very powerful. However, Kronos knew that his children’s power and magic would surpass his own, and this scared him. Kronos devised a plan to never let his children rise to power, he swallowed them whole! This made his wife Rhea very sad. Rhea stands up to Kronos Tired of seeing her children get eaten, Rhea finally decided to hide one of the children in a bundle of rocks and hoped Kronos would not notice. He didn’t. Rhea raised this child in secret behind her husband’s back. This child’s name was Zeus. Zeus’ rise to power! Zeus eventually defeated his father and set the rest of his brothers and sisters free from Kronos’ belly. From this point, six immortal gods came to power and ruled the earth, the heavens, and the underworld: Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Hestia, and Demeter The six punished their father and the Titans and banished their father to the depths of the Underworld. The gods and goddesses of Ancient Greece Zeus- leader of the gods Zeus and the gods lived on Mount Olympus Zeus was the ruler of the sky and the heavens: his symbol/weapon of power was the thunderbolt He married Hera, his sister– This was common in Ancient Greece! He has many children from many different women!– Also common among the gods and goddesses of Ancient Greece! Hera Wife and sister of Zeus Goddess of marriage Hera and Zeus were always arguing, as Hera was very jealous Her symbol was the peacock- a bird of great beauty Poseidon God of the sea God of horses Brother of Zeus and Hera Symbol of power: the trident Like his brother Zeus, Poseidon had many children… Hades God of the Underworld and souls God of gold and precious jewels Very jealous of his brothers, Poseidon and Zeus Stole Demeter’s daughter and married his niecePersephone. Demeter was his sister. He was rarely invited to Mt. Olympus– home of the gods and goddesses His symbol of power was his helmet: The Helm of Darkness Hestia Goddess of the hearth Goddess of happiness Kindest of all the gods Never had any children Demeter Goddess of the harvest and all growing things Her and her brother Zeus had Persephone, whom Hades stole as the goddess of the Underworld. Demeter is the change of the seasons. Athena Goddess of War, Peace, Justice, Civilization, and Wisdom Daughter of Zeus– she grew full grown and popped out of his head. Most loved goddess Created the Spider Goddess of Athens, Greece Apollo God of the Sun, of music, poetry, wisdom, light and truth God of medicine and healing Son of Zeus He drives his chariot across the sky to pull the sun each day His twin sister is Artemis Artemis Goddess of the woods, the moon, and the hunt Twin sister of Apollo Their mother was Leto, daughter of a Titan. Always carried a silver bow and arrow Ares Very cruel god of war, although a coward He enjoyed murder, grief, strife, panic, and terror. Although welcomed on Mt. Olympus, he roamed the Earth a lot. He was the son of Zeus. He had many affairs with his sister, Aphrodite Aphrodite Goddess of beauty and desire Daughter of Zeus Most beautiful of all the goddesses, so naturally all the goddesses hated her. She married the god, Hephaestus. She had many affairs. Mainly with her brother, Ares. Her son was Eros, also known as Cupid. Hephaestus God of fire, volcanoes, and blacksmiths Born from Hera, and her jealousy Tried to be cast out by Zeus and Hera Hermes God of mischief and the messenger of the gods Son of Zeus and Titan, Maia Flew around the heavens and earth with winged sandals delivering messages Dionysus God of wine and parties Son of Zeus Had many cult followings- one of satyrs* Greek mythological monsters and creatures The Furies Three “angels” of the Underworld controlled by Hades. These “angels” had batwings and dog heads. They oversaw punishment in the Underworld, but sometimes came to Earth to torture the wicked. The Fates The fates controlled the destiny of the living. Life was literally a thread and they that cut that thread right when people were approaching their death. Charon The ferryman of the dead Once you passed, you had to pay Charon to get into the Underworld. If you did not bring money with you, you were forced to wander until you found your own way into the Underworld. Echidna Half-woman, halfserpent Had monster children Cerebrus The guard dog of the Underworld. Son of Echidna. Chimera Body of a goat, head of a lion, tail of a serpent Son of Echidna Centaurs Human from the waist up, horse from the waist down Chiron A centaur Immortal and wise Trained many heroes Satyrs Human from the waist up, goat from the waist down The live in the wild and are Dionysus’ companions Naiades Female spirits that live in fresh waters: rivers and lakes Neredis Female spirits of the salt water: oceans and seas Procrustes “The Stretcher” He would make his guests lie on a bed. If they were too short a fit he would stretch them to fit. If they were too long, he would cut off their limbs. Lotus Eaters Lived in perfect contentment eating lotus flowers all day in the Land of the Lotus Eaters Their lazy lifestyle was dangerous because it tempted others to forget about their journeys, lives, and quests The Minotaur The minotaur was half-bull, half-man Born from his mother’s curse given by Poseidon He terrorized Athens, and was forced into a Labyrinth, a maze, to imprison him. Young people were sacrificed to him Medusa One of three sisters, called the Gorgons She was a beautiful Athenian woman Had an affair with Poseidon in the temple of Athena Athena became enraged and turned her hair into live snakes. Her gaze became petrifying, turning anyone that looked at her into stone. The Oracle of Delphi assigns us a god. Zeus: Miss Mayorga Miss Clements Apollo: Jake, Elizabeth Hephaestus: Austin, John, Collin Athena: Brittany, Tial, Liz Demeter: Alexis, Madison Hera: Diana, Niyla, Natalie Hestia: Aphrodite: Maria, Serena Dionysus: Chris, Gabe, Alex Poseidon: Kyle, Johnnie, Karlee Ares: Tyler, Tiffany , Cwinton Artemis: Brandon, Roberta Hermes: Daysean, Michael, Darien Hades: Dylan, Destiny