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The Celtic War, 225-222 BC But Marcellus was already a seasoned
The Celtic War, 225-222 BC But Marcellus was already a seasoned

... Syracusans decided to send half their army out to join Himilco, while the remainder would suffice to garrison the city. Hippocrates, with an army of 10,000 foot and 500 horse, slipped through the Roman blockade at night, and took the road to Agrigentum the same road on which Marcellus was returning. ...
Punic Wars
Punic Wars

... • Carthage pays indemnity • Carthage focuses more on Spanish holdings (Hamilcar Barca et fam.) • Roman control now goes far south on the peninsula • Rome can turn attention north, up to the foot of the Alps, alarming Gauls (cf. Marcellus in combat) ...
Carthaginian Commanders of the 2nd Punic War
Carthaginian Commanders of the 2nd Punic War

... name in practically all of Carthage's other wars, there were no Hamilcars of significance in the Second Punic War. Of course, Hamilcar Barca's long shadow dominated much of the war effort, not only through his sons (Hannibal, Hasdrubal, Mago and maybe Hanno) but in that he trained the officers and m ...
The Second Punic War June 2015
The Second Punic War June 2015

... Read the passage below and answer Questions 05 to 09 which follow. Livy is discussing the plans made by the Carthaginians in Africa in 204 BC. Now however – and this was of no small moment in the defence of Africa – they had succeeded in procuring a pact with King Syphax, reliance upon whose support ...
Hannibal1 Cormac
Hannibal1 Cormac

...  Came out the other side with almost half of what he started with. (According to Polybius 20 000 infantry, 4000 horsemen and only a few war elephants).  United tribes of Gaul and convinced them to join him in his campaign.  Did this, according to Polybius and in agreement with several modern hist ...
fallout from the second punic war
fallout from the second punic war

... The First Punic War ► ‘Wealth ...
Timeline of 2nd punic war
Timeline of 2nd punic war

... (early) Marches into Gaul | Philip successful. Rome declares war. engaging in overseas crossing the Rhone Second Punic War trade)-Roman colonial Thermum sacked. (August?) (218-201) - Hannibal's cities are now War begins established at strategic points: Thus Rome begins to protect the city and the go ...
HFM 035 - Michael Rank
HFM 035 - Michael Rank

OCR Textbook - John D Clare
OCR Textbook - John D Clare

... Hamilcar Barca (275-228 BC): the most successful of the Carthaginian generals in Sicily where he led a guerilla war against the Romans in the latter part of the war and negotiated the peace with the Romans; Livy tells us that the loss of Sicily and Sardinia angered him greatly (Book 21.1). He felt R ...
6-2 (Part 1) the Punic Wars screencast sheet
6-2 (Part 1) the Punic Wars screencast sheet

... Thus, the final, climactic battle of the Second Punic War would feature a direct faceoff between two of ancient history’s greatest military commanders The battle took place on an open plain near _____________, just north of Carthage Though outnumbered, Scipio’s army _________________________________ ...
1

Hannibal



Hannibal (247 – 183 x 181 BC), fully Hannibal Barca, was a Punic Carthaginian military commander, generally considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His father Hamilcar Barca was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War. His younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair.Hannibal lived during a period of great tension in the Mediterranean, when the Roman Republic established its supremacy over other great powers such as Carthage and the Hellenistic kingdoms of Macedon, Syracuse, and the Seleucid Empire. One of his most famous achievements was at the outbreak of the Second Punic War, when he marched an army which included elephants from Iberia over the Pyrenees and the Alps into Italy. In his first few years in Italy, he won three dramatic victories—Trebia, Trasimene, and Cannae, in which he distinguished himself for his ability to determine his and his opponent's strengths and weaknesses, and to play the battle to his strengths and the enemy's weaknesses—and won over many allies of Rome. Hannibal occupied much of Italy for 15 years, but a Roman counter-invasion of North Africa forced him to return to Carthage, where he was decisively defeated by Scipio Africanus at the Battle of Zama. Scipio had studied Hannibal's tactics and brilliantly devised some of his own, and finally defeated Rome's nemesis at Zama, having previously driven Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal out of the Iberian Peninsula.After the war, Hannibal successfully ran for the office of suffete. He enacted political and financial reforms to enable the payment of the war indemnity imposed by Rome; however, Hannibal's reforms were unpopular with members of the Carthaginian aristocracy and in Rome, and he fled into voluntary exile. During this time, he lived at the Seleucid court, where he acted as military advisor to Antiochus III in his war against Rome. Antiochus met defeat at the Battle of Magnesia and was forced to accept Rome's terms, and Hannibal fled again, making a stop in Armenia. His flight ended in the court of Bithynia, where he achieved an outstanding naval victory against a fleet from Pergamon. He was afterwards betrayed to the Romans and committed suicide by poisoning himself.Hannibal is often regarded as one of the greatest military strategists in history and one of the greatest generals of antiquity, together with Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, Scipio, and Pyrrhus of Epirus. Plutarch states that Hannibal was questioned by Scipio as to who was the greatest general, and Hannibal replied either Alexander or Pyrrhus, then himself, or, according to another version of the event, Pyrrhus, Scipio, then himself. Military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge called Hannibal the ""father of strategy"", because his greatest enemy, Rome, came to adopt elements of his military tactics in its own strategic arsenal. This praise has earned him a strong reputation in the modern world, and he was regarded as a great strategist by men like Napoleon Bonaparte.
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