Lecture 20 Final Exam Preparation Part 1
... Closure of aortic A2 and pulmonic P2 valves Early diastolic ventricular inflow Atrial contraction ...
... Closure of aortic A2 and pulmonic P2 valves Early diastolic ventricular inflow Atrial contraction ...
Echocardiography of Congenital Heart Disease
... The only structures that are constant and allow differentiation between the right and left atria are the appendages! The drainage of the systemic and pulmonary veins does not permit the conclusive identification of the atria, as drainage sites are sometimes anomalous. The atrial septum cannot always ...
... The only structures that are constant and allow differentiation between the right and left atria are the appendages! The drainage of the systemic and pulmonary veins does not permit the conclusive identification of the atria, as drainage sites are sometimes anomalous. The atrial septum cannot always ...
Slide 1
... Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) • Pulmonary arteries become narrowed causing decreased gas exchange and difficulty breathing • Causes R ventricular hypertrophy • Blood will back up in veins ...
... Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) • Pulmonary arteries become narrowed causing decreased gas exchange and difficulty breathing • Causes R ventricular hypertrophy • Blood will back up in veins ...
Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
... Describe the location of the heart in the body and identify its major anatomical areas on an appropriate model or diagram. Trace the pathway of blood through the heart. Compare the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Explain the operation of the heart valves. Name the functional blood supply of the hea ...
... Describe the location of the heart in the body and identify its major anatomical areas on an appropriate model or diagram. Trace the pathway of blood through the heart. Compare the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Explain the operation of the heart valves. Name the functional blood supply of the hea ...
The Heart The cardiovascular system is divided into two circuits The
... The Heart • The heart is located in the anterior chest wall directly posterior to the sternum • The heart is surrounded by the pericardial cavity, which is lined with the pericardium • The pericardium is lined with a serous membrane which can be subdivided into the visceral pericardium and parietal ...
... The Heart • The heart is located in the anterior chest wall directly posterior to the sternum • The heart is surrounded by the pericardial cavity, which is lined with the pericardium • The pericardium is lined with a serous membrane which can be subdivided into the visceral pericardium and parietal ...
Pre-Lecture Quiz
... pharmacologic agent for the treatment of heart failure. 5. A patient with pulmonary edema should be positioned upright, preferably with the legs dangling over the side of the bed, if possible. ...
... pharmacologic agent for the treatment of heart failure. 5. A patient with pulmonary edema should be positioned upright, preferably with the legs dangling over the side of the bed, if possible. ...
Name: _______GREG CROWTHER_______________
... The heart is a muscle that requires energy to contract, and blood flowing through the heart does not itself deliver oxygen (or other nutrients) to the muscle cells deep within the heart’s walls. Shark heart exterior Sinus venosus. Does this appear to be a muscular structure? What is its role? Do y ...
... The heart is a muscle that requires energy to contract, and blood flowing through the heart does not itself deliver oxygen (or other nutrients) to the muscle cells deep within the heart’s walls. Shark heart exterior Sinus venosus. Does this appear to be a muscular structure? What is its role? Do y ...
Animal Organ Systems Part I
... • Fishes (2 chambers), amphibians (3 chambers), birds and mammals (4 chambers) • Parts of the hearts (human) – two atria (receiving chambers), two ventricles (pumping chambers); atrioventricular valve (separate auricle from ventricle), semilunar/arterial valve – separates ventricle from connecting a ...
... • Fishes (2 chambers), amphibians (3 chambers), birds and mammals (4 chambers) • Parts of the hearts (human) – two atria (receiving chambers), two ventricles (pumping chambers); atrioventricular valve (separate auricle from ventricle), semilunar/arterial valve – separates ventricle from connecting a ...
USMLE Step 1 Web Prep — Heart Muscle Mechanics: Part 3
... The correct answer is E. The various points on the volume-pressure diagram correspond to specific events of the cardiac cycle as follows: Choice A: Marks the beginning of systole. The mitral valve closes and S1 can be heard. The end diastolic pressure (5 mmHg) and end diastolic volume (125 mL) can b ...
... The correct answer is E. The various points on the volume-pressure diagram correspond to specific events of the cardiac cycle as follows: Choice A: Marks the beginning of systole. The mitral valve closes and S1 can be heard. The end diastolic pressure (5 mmHg) and end diastolic volume (125 mL) can b ...
3/10/2009 1 4. The two inferior chambers of the heart are known as
... 5. Blood returns from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava, which empty into the left atrium. ...
... 5. Blood returns from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava, which empty into the left atrium. ...
Order of blood flow through the body
... Order of blood flow through the body. Start and end with the upper chamber (atrium) on the right side of the heart. Number the following structures in the order that blood flows through them. The first one is down for you. Number in Sequence ...
... Order of blood flow through the body. Start and end with the upper chamber (atrium) on the right side of the heart. Number the following structures in the order that blood flows through them. The first one is down for you. Number in Sequence ...
Instruction: Answer the following questions briefly.
... Instruction: Answer the following questions briefly. 1. Explain the process of pulmonary and systemic circulation. Pathway of blood flow through the heart. Answer. The right side of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit; the left side of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circuit. 2. ...
... Instruction: Answer the following questions briefly. 1. Explain the process of pulmonary and systemic circulation. Pathway of blood flow through the heart. Answer. The right side of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit; the left side of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circuit. 2. ...
Circulatory System
... Major Vessels Aorta - pumps oxygen-rich/clean blood to the body from left ventricle. Pulmonary artery -pumps oxygen-poor/dirty blood to the lungs from right ventricle. Pulmonary veins - bring oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium Superior Vena Cava - brings oxygen poor blood from the ...
... Major Vessels Aorta - pumps oxygen-rich/clean blood to the body from left ventricle. Pulmonary artery -pumps oxygen-poor/dirty blood to the lungs from right ventricle. Pulmonary veins - bring oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium Superior Vena Cava - brings oxygen poor blood from the ...
Circulatory System Review Sheet Answer the following questions in
... What are the 2 big jobs of the circulatory system? What are the 3 smaller jobs of the circulatory system? What are the 3 parts of the circulatory system? Describe the heart. What are the 4 chambers of the heart? What is a valve? How many pumps make up the heart? What are the functions of the 3 types ...
... What are the 2 big jobs of the circulatory system? What are the 3 smaller jobs of the circulatory system? What are the 3 parts of the circulatory system? Describe the heart. What are the 4 chambers of the heart? What is a valve? How many pumps make up the heart? What are the functions of the 3 types ...
HeartStructure
... Heart valves open and close to prevent the backflow of blood within the heart. The valves open and close in response to differences in blood pressure. ...
... Heart valves open and close to prevent the backflow of blood within the heart. The valves open and close in response to differences in blood pressure. ...
The Cardiovascular System - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges
... so, it passes the atrioventricular (AV) valves. The right AV valve is the tricuspid valve and the left AV valve is the bicuspid valve. The purpose of these valves is not merely to separate the atria from the ventricles but also to ensure that the blood can only flow in one direction through the hear ...
... so, it passes the atrioventricular (AV) valves. The right AV valve is the tricuspid valve and the left AV valve is the bicuspid valve. The purpose of these valves is not merely to separate the atria from the ventricles but also to ensure that the blood can only flow in one direction through the hear ...
Applied Exercise Physiology: The Cardiovascular System
... so, it passes the atrioventricular (AV) valves. The right AV valve is the tricuspid valve and the left AV valve is the bicuspid valve. The purpose of these valves is not merely to separate the atria from the ventricles but also to ensure that the blood can only flow in one direction through the hear ...
... so, it passes the atrioventricular (AV) valves. The right AV valve is the tricuspid valve and the left AV valve is the bicuspid valve. The purpose of these valves is not merely to separate the atria from the ventricles but also to ensure that the blood can only flow in one direction through the hear ...
Living with an Invisible Disease
... which have escalated over time and are now ongoing. ◦ Premature atrial complexes – the premature beat initiates outside the sinoatrial node causing another area of the atria to depolarise ◦ Premature junctional complexes – a premature beat arising from an ectopic focus within the atrial / ventricula ...
... which have escalated over time and are now ongoing. ◦ Premature atrial complexes – the premature beat initiates outside the sinoatrial node causing another area of the atria to depolarise ◦ Premature junctional complexes – a premature beat arising from an ectopic focus within the atrial / ventricula ...
A case of mitral valve tophus
... associated joints were deformed. His hematological and biochemical examination revealed (Hb-14 gm/dl), raised serum uric acid (11.4 mg/dl, normal - 2-7.4 mg/dl), blood urea (110 mg/dl, normal - 10-50 mg/dl) and serum creatinine (1.8.0 mg/dl, normal - 0.5-1.3 mg/dl). Liver function test, urinalysis ...
... associated joints were deformed. His hematological and biochemical examination revealed (Hb-14 gm/dl), raised serum uric acid (11.4 mg/dl, normal - 2-7.4 mg/dl), blood urea (110 mg/dl, normal - 10-50 mg/dl) and serum creatinine (1.8.0 mg/dl, normal - 0.5-1.3 mg/dl). Liver function test, urinalysis ...
S 2
... sound in early diastole and is related to rapid filling of the ventricle. It is commonly heard in normal children and young adults. A loud S3 is abnormal and is audible in large shunt VSD, congestive heart failure. Fourth heart sound (S4): The S4 is a lowfrequency of late diastole and is rare in ...
... sound in early diastole and is related to rapid filling of the ventricle. It is commonly heard in normal children and young adults. A loud S3 is abnormal and is audible in large shunt VSD, congestive heart failure. Fourth heart sound (S4): The S4 is a lowfrequency of late diastole and is rare in ...
Sheep Heart Dissection
... 2. Locate the pericardium. Look for a tough, thick membrane at the top of the heart. 3. Observe the epicardium. Using a sharp probe, pull a little of this serous membrane away from the myocardium. How does it differ from the pericardium? 4. Examine the external surface of the heart. Notice the accum ...
... 2. Locate the pericardium. Look for a tough, thick membrane at the top of the heart. 3. Observe the epicardium. Using a sharp probe, pull a little of this serous membrane away from the myocardium. How does it differ from the pericardium? 4. Examine the external surface of the heart. Notice the accum ...
Figuring Out Cardiac Anatomy: Your Heart - heart-of
... Together, the left atrium and the right atrium are the atria (plural). A membrane called the interatrial septum separates the atria, and a membrane called theinterventricular septum separates the two ventricles. Each chamber of the heart plays a specific role in pumping blood, and the anatomy of eac ...
... Together, the left atrium and the right atrium are the atria (plural). A membrane called the interatrial septum separates the atria, and a membrane called theinterventricular septum separates the two ventricles. Each chamber of the heart plays a specific role in pumping blood, and the anatomy of eac ...
Lutembacher's syndrome
Lutembacher's syndrome is a form of congenital heart disease. Lutembacher's syndrome was first described by a French cardiologist by the name of Rene' Lutembacher (1884–1968) of Paris, France in 1916. Lutembacher syndrome is a rare disease that affects one of the chambers of the heart as well as a valve of the heart. Lutembacher's syndrome is known to affect females more often than males. Lutembacher is an extremely rare disease. Lutembacher's can affect children or adults; the person can either be born with the disorder or develop it later in life.Lutembacher affects more specifically the atria of the heart and the mitral or biscupid valve. The disorder itself is known more specifically as both congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired mitral stenosis (MS). Congenital (at birth) atrial septal defect refers to a hole being in the septum or wall that separates the two atria; this condition is usually seen in fetuses and infants. Mitral stenosis refers to mitral valve leaflets (or valve flaps) sticking to each other making the opening for blood to pass from the atrium to the ventricles very small. With the valve being so small, blood has difficulty passing through the left atrium into the left ventricle. There are several types of septal defects that may occur with Lutembacher's syndrome: ASD Ostium Secundum or ASD (Primium); Ostium Secundum is the most prevalent.Lutembacher is caused indirectly as the result of heart damage or disorders and not something that is necessarily infectious. Lutembacher's syndrome is caused by either birth defects where the heart fails to close all holes in the walls between the atria or from an episode of rheumatic fever where damage is done to the heart valves such as the mitral valve and resultant in an opening of heart wall between atria. With Lutembacher's syndrome, a fetus or infant is usually seen to have a hole in their heart wall (interatrial) separating their right and left atria. Normally during fetal development, blood bypasses the lungs and is oxygenated from the placenta. Blood passes from the umbilical cord and flows into the left atrium through an opening called the foramen ovale; the formaen ovale is a hole between the two atria. Once a baby is born and the lungs begin to fill with air and the blood flow of the heart changes, a tissue flap (somewhat like a trap door) called the septum primium closes the foramen ovale or hole between the two atria and becomes part of the atrial wall. The failure of the hole between the two atria to close after birth leads to a disorder called ASD primium. The most common problems with an opening found in the heart with Lutembacher's syndrome is Ostium Secundum. Ostium Secundum is a hole that is found within the flap of tissue (septum primium) that will eventually close the hole between the two atria after birth. With either type of ASD, ASD will usually cause the blood flow from the right atrium to skip going to the right ventricle and instead flow to the left atrium. If mitral stenosis (the hardening of flap of tissue known as a valve which opens and closes between the left atrium and ventricle to control blood flow) is also present, blood will flow into the right atrium through the hole between the atria wall instead of flowing into the left ventricle and systemic circulation. Eventually this leads to other problems such as the right ventricle failing and a reduced blood flow to the left ventricle.In addition to the ASD, acquired MS can be present either from an episode of rheumatic fever (the mother has or had rheumatic fever during the pregnancy) or the child being born with the disorder (congenital MS). With the combination of both ASD and MS, the heart can be under severe strain as it tries to move blood throughout the heart and lungs. To correct Lutembacher's syndrome, surgery is often done. There are several types of surgeries depending on the cause of Lutembacher's syndrome(ASD Primium or ASD Ostium Secundum with Mitral Stenosis): Suturing (stitching) or placing a patch of tissue (similar to skin grafting) over the hole to completely close the opening Reconstructing of the mitral and tricuspid valve while patching any holes in the heart Device closure of ASD (e.g. Amplatzer umbrella or CardioSEAL to seal the hole Percutaneous transcatheter therapy Transcatheter therapy of balloon valvuloplasty to correct MS↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 ↑ ↑ ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 ↑