At the heart of the matter - National Heart Centre Singapore
... it. “With time, the leaky valve can cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat or increased pressure in the lungs.” Treatment options The first line of treatment is medication, which does not treat the underlying problem, but helps the heart pump more efficiently and reduces the risk of complicatio ...
... it. “With time, the leaky valve can cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat or increased pressure in the lungs.” Treatment options The first line of treatment is medication, which does not treat the underlying problem, but helps the heart pump more efficiently and reduces the risk of complicatio ...
Tricuspid valve abnormalities (including Ebstein`s anomaly)
... pregnancy. Doctors do not fully understand why some children’s hearts do not develop properly. However, they know that the chance increases a little if one or both parents had a congenital heart defect. Occasionally some conditions such as diabetes or medicines taken during pregnancy can also increa ...
... pregnancy. Doctors do not fully understand why some children’s hearts do not develop properly. However, they know that the chance increases a little if one or both parents had a congenital heart defect. Occasionally some conditions such as diabetes or medicines taken during pregnancy can also increa ...
ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
... Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is a unique subset of primary myocardial disease of unknown cause characterized by left ventricular or biventricular dilatation and impaired myocardial contractility. Most patient are first seen between the ages of 20 and 50 Years, but it may affect children and the ...
... Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is a unique subset of primary myocardial disease of unknown cause characterized by left ventricular or biventricular dilatation and impaired myocardial contractility. Most patient are first seen between the ages of 20 and 50 Years, but it may affect children and the ...
Applied Cardiovascular Physiology
... Cardiac receptors are linked to the CNS by myelinated or unmyelinated afferent fibers that travel along the vagus nerve. Cardiac receptors can be found in the atria, ventricles, pericardium, and coronary arteries. Extracardiac receptors are located in the great vessels and carotid artery. Sympatheti ...
... Cardiac receptors are linked to the CNS by myelinated or unmyelinated afferent fibers that travel along the vagus nerve. Cardiac receptors can be found in the atria, ventricles, pericardium, and coronary arteries. Extracardiac receptors are located in the great vessels and carotid artery. Sympatheti ...
142e926d30b7e6bb1fc54138a557531e
... B ✔Positive concordance (all chest leads looking similar on ECG) is found only in patients with ventricular tachycardia C✘ D ✘ A rare but useful sign suggesting a ventricular origin E✘ 1.17 A ✘ Associated with an increased afterload B✘ C ✘ Typically causes diastolic LV dysfunction D ✔Impairs systoli ...
... B ✔Positive concordance (all chest leads looking similar on ECG) is found only in patients with ventricular tachycardia C✘ D ✘ A rare but useful sign suggesting a ventricular origin E✘ 1.17 A ✘ Associated with an increased afterload B✘ C ✘ Typically causes diastolic LV dysfunction D ✔Impairs systoli ...
11_Skarvan_The aging heart: what can echocardiography tells us
... In the course of the natural aging process the heart undergoes a structural remodelling, which inevitably results in alterations of cardiac function. While in aging women left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass as well as myocyte number, size and volume are preserved, in men there is a progressive los ...
... In the course of the natural aging process the heart undergoes a structural remodelling, which inevitably results in alterations of cardiac function. While in aging women left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass as well as myocyte number, size and volume are preserved, in men there is a progressive los ...
File
... Size and Location of Heart Avg size: 15 cm long, 9 cm wide Bordered laterally by lungs, posteriorly by spinal column, anteriorly by sternum ...
... Size and Location of Heart Avg size: 15 cm long, 9 cm wide Bordered laterally by lungs, posteriorly by spinal column, anteriorly by sternum ...
A4.3.5.SmokingLeg - IBRAHEEM MURTAZA
... Describe this condition. Plaque buildups and artery walls narrowing (atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis) o How might smoking be related to John’s leg pain? Smoking can damage and cause plaque buildup in the arteries. o What basic test(s) can be performed to confirm your diagnosis? What do these te ...
... Describe this condition. Plaque buildups and artery walls narrowing (atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis) o How might smoking be related to John’s leg pain? Smoking can damage and cause plaque buildup in the arteries. o What basic test(s) can be performed to confirm your diagnosis? What do these te ...
Centre No - TeachPE.com
... In the boxes above, write your Surname, Other names(s) and Signature. The Paper reference is shown in the top left-hand corner. If more than one Paper reference is shown, you should write the one for which you have been entered. Information for Candidates The marks for the various parts of each ques ...
... In the boxes above, write your Surname, Other names(s) and Signature. The Paper reference is shown in the top left-hand corner. If more than one Paper reference is shown, you should write the one for which you have been entered. Information for Candidates The marks for the various parts of each ques ...
SEMESTER 5 – WEEK 4 PHARMACOLOGY ANTIARRHYTHMIC
... – Combination of the two Results in rate and/or timing of contraction of heart muscle that is insufficient to maintain normal cardiac output (CO) To understand how antiarrhythmic drugs work, need to understand electrophysiology of normal contraction of heart Normal heartbeat and atrial arrhythmia Ve ...
... – Combination of the two Results in rate and/or timing of contraction of heart muscle that is insufficient to maintain normal cardiac output (CO) To understand how antiarrhythmic drugs work, need to understand electrophysiology of normal contraction of heart Normal heartbeat and atrial arrhythmia Ve ...
Atrial Fibrillation
... ventricular arrhythmias, bradycardia, and depression of left ventricular function. It was further theorized that maintenance of sinus rhythm would reduce rates of thromboembolism and the need for anticoagulation; however, trial results demonstrated no significant reduction in thromboembolic risk. Pe ...
... ventricular arrhythmias, bradycardia, and depression of left ventricular function. It was further theorized that maintenance of sinus rhythm would reduce rates of thromboembolism and the need for anticoagulation; however, trial results demonstrated no significant reduction in thromboembolic risk. Pe ...
Label the heart - HonorsBiology2016-17
... right atrium - the right upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-poor blood from the body through the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. right ventricle - the right lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery. septum - the muscular wall that separates ...
... right atrium - the right upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-poor blood from the body through the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. right ventricle - the right lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery. septum - the muscular wall that separates ...
Slide 1 - JAMAevidence
... examiner notes the pressure at which Korotkoff sounds become audible during expiration and inspiration. The difference between these 2 pressures is the pulsus paradoxus. In cardiac tamponade, the pulsus paradoxus measures greater than 10 mm Hg. Inspiratory diminution in the pulse wave amplitude seen ...
... examiner notes the pressure at which Korotkoff sounds become audible during expiration and inspiration. The difference between these 2 pressures is the pulsus paradoxus. In cardiac tamponade, the pulsus paradoxus measures greater than 10 mm Hg. Inspiratory diminution in the pulse wave amplitude seen ...
Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)
... * Hazard ratios for death from any cause in the ICD group compared with the non-ICD group. Includes only ICD and amiodarone patients from CASH. ‡CI Upper Bound 1.112 CI indicates Confidence Interval, NS = Not statistically significant, NSVT = nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, SAECG = signal-aver ...
... * Hazard ratios for death from any cause in the ICD group compared with the non-ICD group. Includes only ICD and amiodarone patients from CASH. ‡CI Upper Bound 1.112 CI indicates Confidence Interval, NS = Not statistically significant, NSVT = nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, SAECG = signal-aver ...
Glossary - HKEXnews
... insulin and is most frequently diagnosed in children and young adults. Type 2 diabetes is much more common than Type 1, and most patients with this condition are still able to produce insulin at diagnosis. However, the insulin they produce is unable to perform its primary job, which is helping the b ...
... insulin and is most frequently diagnosed in children and young adults. Type 2 diabetes is much more common than Type 1, and most patients with this condition are still able to produce insulin at diagnosis. However, the insulin they produce is unable to perform its primary job, which is helping the b ...
S0735109716007087_mmc1
... constant, and EDV is LV end-diastolic volume (3). Loops were analyzed from the last heartbeat before the onset of volume/pressure decline for a minimum of 5 beats without an increase in heart rate. Curve-fitting was performed using Microsoft Excel (Version 14.0). To increase afterload, patients were ...
... constant, and EDV is LV end-diastolic volume (3). Loops were analyzed from the last heartbeat before the onset of volume/pressure decline for a minimum of 5 beats without an increase in heart rate. Curve-fitting was performed using Microsoft Excel (Version 14.0). To increase afterload, patients were ...
Anatomy and Physiology Unit 11 Test Review
... What hormones are involved in regulation of blood pressure and blood flow? Renin from kidneys, thyroxine from thyroid and epinephrine from adrenal cortex. What is hypertension? High blood pressure What is hypotension? Low blood pressure What is atherosclerosis? When a fatty plaque builds up on the w ...
... What hormones are involved in regulation of blood pressure and blood flow? Renin from kidneys, thyroxine from thyroid and epinephrine from adrenal cortex. What is hypertension? High blood pressure What is hypotension? Low blood pressure What is atherosclerosis? When a fatty plaque builds up on the w ...
Physiological Properties Of Heart Muscle Frog Dissection
... where fresh oxygen can be picked up. Only the blood passing into the aortic arches has been thoroughly mixed, but even so it contains enough oxygen to supply the needs of the rest of the body ...
... where fresh oxygen can be picked up. Only the blood passing into the aortic arches has been thoroughly mixed, but even so it contains enough oxygen to supply the needs of the rest of the body ...
Chapter 14
... flow within the blood vessel constant • The smooth muscle of the blood vessels reacts to the stretching of the muscle by opening ion channels, which cause the muscle to depolarize, leading to muscle contraction. This significantly reduces the volume of blood able to pass through the lumen, which red ...
... flow within the blood vessel constant • The smooth muscle of the blood vessels reacts to the stretching of the muscle by opening ion channels, which cause the muscle to depolarize, leading to muscle contraction. This significantly reduces the volume of blood able to pass through the lumen, which red ...
Congestive Heart Failure Pathophysiology and other relations
... diastole – can’t enrol help of Frank-Starling mechanism. Diastolic dysfunction can occur as a consequence of gross left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, deposition of amyloid or constrictive pericarditis and normal stiffening with age. The stiffer ventricular wall is unable to allow ade ...
... diastole – can’t enrol help of Frank-Starling mechanism. Diastolic dysfunction can occur as a consequence of gross left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, deposition of amyloid or constrictive pericarditis and normal stiffening with age. The stiffer ventricular wall is unable to allow ade ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.