Age, gender, blood pressure, and ventricular geometry influence
... the cardiac chambers has been described in healthy volunteers1,5,7 – 10 as well as in patients with cardiomyopathy,6,11 mitral valve insufficiency,12 and after heart transplantation.13 Fourdimensional MRI data have been used for the quantification of flow within cardiac chambers,14 through the heart ...
... the cardiac chambers has been described in healthy volunteers1,5,7 – 10 as well as in patients with cardiomyopathy,6,11 mitral valve insufficiency,12 and after heart transplantation.13 Fourdimensional MRI data have been used for the quantification of flow within cardiac chambers,14 through the heart ...
Respiratory correlates of muscle sympathetic
... apnoea, apnoea-related hypoxia and arousals from sleep, but may also be due to the direct and reflex effects of increased intrathoracic pressure in CHF. In subjects with normal ventricular function and filling pressures, a positive end-expiratory pressure of 10 cm.H O or more increases MSNA [13,14]. ...
... apnoea, apnoea-related hypoxia and arousals from sleep, but may also be due to the direct and reflex effects of increased intrathoracic pressure in CHF. In subjects with normal ventricular function and filling pressures, a positive end-expiratory pressure of 10 cm.H O or more increases MSNA [13,14]. ...
Recent Advances in Pacing and Defibrillation Harish Doppalapudi
... Subcutaneous ICDs are particularly useful in patients with difficult or absent venous access. They should also be considered in patients at high risk for blood stream infection, such as those with indwelling intravascular catheters. In addition, they should also be considered in young patients who r ...
... Subcutaneous ICDs are particularly useful in patients with difficult or absent venous access. They should also be considered in patients at high risk for blood stream infection, such as those with indwelling intravascular catheters. In addition, they should also be considered in young patients who r ...
World Journal of Surgical Oncology
... Primary cardiac sarcomas constitute a rare entity. At present, only a few hundred primary cardiac sarcomas have been reported, most of which are based on autopsy series. Despite this rarity, they are the second most common type of primary cardiac neoplasm and account for most of the malignant primar ...
... Primary cardiac sarcomas constitute a rare entity. At present, only a few hundred primary cardiac sarcomas have been reported, most of which are based on autopsy series. Despite this rarity, they are the second most common type of primary cardiac neoplasm and account for most of the malignant primar ...
PDF
... Dobutamine echocardiography can be used to evaluate myocardial reserve. The aim of this study was to estimate the functional status of chronic HF in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, by investigating the changes in echo-variables, as assessed by echo-dobutamine, in relation with VO 2 max. Method ...
... Dobutamine echocardiography can be used to evaluate myocardial reserve. The aim of this study was to estimate the functional status of chronic HF in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, by investigating the changes in echo-variables, as assessed by echo-dobutamine, in relation with VO 2 max. Method ...
Cryoablation Lesion with Atrial Arrhythmia after Fontan Operation
... Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents • Mechanism ; features of blocking intracellular currents (mainly K ion) responsible for repolarization. • Medications including amiodarone, bretylium, sotalol prolong the QT interval, useful in treating almost all types of supraventricular & ventricular arrhythmias, ...
... Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents • Mechanism ; features of blocking intracellular currents (mainly K ion) responsible for repolarization. • Medications including amiodarone, bretylium, sotalol prolong the QT interval, useful in treating almost all types of supraventricular & ventricular arrhythmias, ...
Effect of Heart Rate Increase on Dorsal Aortic Flow before
... assumption is the observation that during pacing near the intrinsic rate, cardiac output and stroke volume do not change significantly. Both E-phase and A-phase ventricular filling occur when pacing near the intrinsic rate. We assume that the decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output observed dur ...
... assumption is the observation that during pacing near the intrinsic rate, cardiac output and stroke volume do not change significantly. Both E-phase and A-phase ventricular filling occur when pacing near the intrinsic rate. We assume that the decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output observed dur ...
Mitral Valve Repair: Settling the Controversies p3
... alignment. Today, replacement is a last resort for valves rendered unsalvageable by long neglect or complications. The 4,586 patients in Dr. Gillinov’s study all had primary isolated surgery for severe degenerative MR. Most were from NYHA levels 1 and 2, with the rest distributed over the more sever ...
... alignment. Today, replacement is a last resort for valves rendered unsalvageable by long neglect or complications. The 4,586 patients in Dr. Gillinov’s study all had primary isolated surgery for severe degenerative MR. Most were from NYHA levels 1 and 2, with the rest distributed over the more sever ...
Estrogen receptor alpha up-regulation
... estrogen receptor ␣ (ER␣) has been claimed to be present and active in the plasma membranes of endothelial cells (10) and to interact with cytoplasmic proteins such as -catenin and GSK3 (11). Cardiovascular estrogen receptors have been associated with the prevention of apoptosis (19), with the exp ...
... estrogen receptor ␣ (ER␣) has been claimed to be present and active in the plasma membranes of endothelial cells (10) and to interact with cytoplasmic proteins such as -catenin and GSK3 (11). Cardiovascular estrogen receptors have been associated with the prevention of apoptosis (19), with the exp ...
Effects of oxygen on autonomic nervous system dysfunction in
... Data analysis. The recorded time series were analysed to obtain variability indices in both the time and frequency domains following the method described previously [7, 16±18]. Time domain analysis. The following time domain measures of HRV were evaluated: the mean of all R±R intervals for each peri ...
... Data analysis. The recorded time series were analysed to obtain variability indices in both the time and frequency domains following the method described previously [7, 16±18]. Time domain analysis. The following time domain measures of HRV were evaluated: the mean of all R±R intervals for each peri ...
Significant reduction of left atrial volume
... the coronary artery and myocardium. In contrast, other tools, such as invasive coronary angiography or echocardiography, cannot detect either the coronary artery or the myocardium. Cardiac MDCT has been shown to be an accurate and reproducible method of measuring cardiac chamber volumes and has been ...
... the coronary artery and myocardium. In contrast, other tools, such as invasive coronary angiography or echocardiography, cannot detect either the coronary artery or the myocardium. Cardiac MDCT has been shown to be an accurate and reproducible method of measuring cardiac chamber volumes and has been ...
... activity.(SteffensSet al2005)Obesity is associated with the presence or future development of hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, increased inflammatory cytokines, sleep apnea, autonomic imbalance, and abnormal cardiac remodeling. In the obese individual without CHD, hypertension is ofte ...
Bedside Flow-Directed Balloon Catheterization in the Critically Ill
... and oxygen content determinations. The Pvo 2 (normal range in a nonanemic patient, 35 to 40 torr) reflects changes in cardiac output and tissue perfusion. As tissue perfusion and/or cardiac output decreases, the Pvo 2 decreases as peripheral tissues extract more oxygen from the blood. For example, a ...
... and oxygen content determinations. The Pvo 2 (normal range in a nonanemic patient, 35 to 40 torr) reflects changes in cardiac output and tissue perfusion. As tissue perfusion and/or cardiac output decreases, the Pvo 2 decreases as peripheral tissues extract more oxygen from the blood. For example, a ...
basic ecg`s - Auckland Heart Group
... Check to see if the Patient has Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) ...
... Check to see if the Patient has Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) ...
Backgrounder: The Risk of Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
... heart and form clots. When the blood clots dislodge, they may move to the brain, where they can become trapped in a narrow brain artery, blocking the blood flow and causing a stroke. Research suggests that over 90 percent of blood clots responsible for stroke in patients with AF originate in a pouch ...
... heart and form clots. When the blood clots dislodge, they may move to the brain, where they can become trapped in a narrow brain artery, blocking the blood flow and causing a stroke. Research suggests that over 90 percent of blood clots responsible for stroke in patients with AF originate in a pouch ...
CPR: what are the current recommendations?
... Depending on patient size either use two hands as described for greyhounds/lurchers, or one hand squeezing the chest from opposing sides. Place your hands over the sternum at the level of heart, similar to humans. NB: these breeds tend to have poor chest compliance so considerable compression force ...
... Depending on patient size either use two hands as described for greyhounds/lurchers, or one hand squeezing the chest from opposing sides. Place your hands over the sternum at the level of heart, similar to humans. NB: these breeds tend to have poor chest compliance so considerable compression force ...
Cardiac defects in chromosomally normal fetuses with abnormal
... heart defects, post-tachycardia cardiomyopathy and endstage fetal hypoxia12–14 or increased right ventricular afterload15. It is well recognized, however, that, in most forms of major structural heart defect, fetal well-being is not markedly affected and overt evidence of cardiac dysfunction is not ...
... heart defects, post-tachycardia cardiomyopathy and endstage fetal hypoxia12–14 or increased right ventricular afterload15. It is well recognized, however, that, in most forms of major structural heart defect, fetal well-being is not markedly affected and overt evidence of cardiac dysfunction is not ...
Cardiac Muscle and Mechanics I
... Mechanical Function of Heart Contractility and preload are 2 ways that force and contractility of the heart can be directly altered. 1. Preload = tension on muscle cell prior to activation o amount of preload determines the diastolic sarcomere length o preload is determined by amount of end-diastoli ...
... Mechanical Function of Heart Contractility and preload are 2 ways that force and contractility of the heart can be directly altered. 1. Preload = tension on muscle cell prior to activation o amount of preload determines the diastolic sarcomere length o preload is determined by amount of end-diastoli ...
A rare localization of hydatid cyst: Right ventricular free wall cyst
... ventricle (%55-60) where the blood supply is ample (4). Interventricular septum, right atrial wall, right ventricle, left atrium, pulmonary artery and pericardium are less commonly reported. Symptoms depend on cyst localization and clinical status of the patient. Cardiac cyst hydatic frequently pres ...
... ventricle (%55-60) where the blood supply is ample (4). Interventricular septum, right atrial wall, right ventricle, left atrium, pulmonary artery and pericardium are less commonly reported. Symptoms depend on cyst localization and clinical status of the patient. Cardiac cyst hydatic frequently pres ...
Aubrey Leatham and the introduction of cardiac pacing to the UK
... that AV block in the elderly was most likely due to bilateral fibrosis of the conduction system (bilateral bundle branch block) but that coronary artery disease was much more likely to be the cause of sudden AV block in younger patients.8 Presumably their untimely deaths were more related to their i ...
... that AV block in the elderly was most likely due to bilateral fibrosis of the conduction system (bilateral bundle branch block) but that coronary artery disease was much more likely to be the cause of sudden AV block in younger patients.8 Presumably their untimely deaths were more related to their i ...
Understanding Implantable Cardioverter
... patients who develop ventricular arrhythmias necessitating an ICD shock may be a priori at higher risk for cardiovascular events, which would explain a large part of this association. Additionally, these patients, having survived what could have been a terminal arrhythmic event without the ICD, are ...
... patients who develop ventricular arrhythmias necessitating an ICD shock may be a priori at higher risk for cardiovascular events, which would explain a large part of this association. Additionally, these patients, having survived what could have been a terminal arrhythmic event without the ICD, are ...
Stroke 101 - National Stroke Association
... • Statin medications: goal is primarily to get the LDL lower Statins: depends on whether there is a history of heart disease • If history of heart disease (& stroke) • Start if the LDL is >100 • Target of <70 if multiple risk factors ...
... • Statin medications: goal is primarily to get the LDL lower Statins: depends on whether there is a history of heart disease • If history of heart disease (& stroke) • Start if the LDL is >100 • Target of <70 if multiple risk factors ...
The module has been developed within the framework of the
... At school, but certainly in most university studies, you regularly have to do a survey or study. It will often be useful if you can show a relation between two properties (variables). In this module you will learn how to do this and how to represent such a relation mathematically and calculate how s ...
... At school, but certainly in most university studies, you regularly have to do a survey or study. It will often be useful if you can show a relation between two properties (variables). In this module you will learn how to do this and how to represent such a relation mathematically and calculate how s ...
PDF Article
... medical stabilization) . There was a history of known prior myocardial infarction in 62 patients (75%) . Operative technique. All patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting by a single surgeon using a standard operative technique . Single cannulation of the right atrium was carried out with ...
... medical stabilization) . There was a history of known prior myocardial infarction in 62 patients (75%) . Operative technique. All patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting by a single surgeon using a standard operative technique . Single cannulation of the right atrium was carried out with ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.