The economical challenge in the treatment of chronic heart failure: is
... in the Netherlands are three times higher (E46 56214) than in Germany (E13 726 –E16 612, depending on the calculation in the diagnosis-related groups15). (ii) The longevity of the ICDs that were implanted the last years were lower (,5 years)16 than the assumption of 6.5 years in the present analysis ...
... in the Netherlands are three times higher (E46 56214) than in Germany (E13 726 –E16 612, depending on the calculation in the diagnosis-related groups15). (ii) The longevity of the ICDs that were implanted the last years were lower (,5 years)16 than the assumption of 6.5 years in the present analysis ...
36. Mathematical Models of Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
... The equations of the model and the corresponding simulations have evolved through several stages of increasing complexity. In our result an attempt was made to produce Cheyne-Stokes respiration by subjecting the model to particular disturbances and observing the ventilatory pattern that ensued. Usin ...
... The equations of the model and the corresponding simulations have evolved through several stages of increasing complexity. In our result an attempt was made to produce Cheyne-Stokes respiration by subjecting the model to particular disturbances and observing the ventilatory pattern that ensued. Usin ...
KDOQI US Commentary on the 2013 KDIGO Clinical Practice
... cholesterol levels in statin trials. However, prior trials used fixed doses of statins and were not designed to test the benefits of achieving target LDL cholesterol levels. Current treatment recommendations are also primarily based on the use of statins (rather than alternative lipid-lowering agents) ...
... cholesterol levels in statin trials. However, prior trials used fixed doses of statins and were not designed to test the benefits of achieving target LDL cholesterol levels. Current treatment recommendations are also primarily based on the use of statins (rather than alternative lipid-lowering agents) ...
Patient Educational Brochure - B. Braun Interventional Systems
... • The patient got a fever (high body temperature) • The patient had a seizure ...
... • The patient got a fever (high body temperature) • The patient had a seizure ...
Bioscience Explained | Vol 1 | Nr 1
... design (Figure 9), which makes the system simpler to use. The ECG/G-force biotelemetry system consists of an ECG/G-force biotelemetry transmitter unit (TX-unit, Figure 10 — shown here without the G-force sensor) and a receiver unit (RX-unit, Figure 11). The TX unit amplifies the ECG signal from the ...
... design (Figure 9), which makes the system simpler to use. The ECG/G-force biotelemetry system consists of an ECG/G-force biotelemetry transmitter unit (TX-unit, Figure 10 — shown here without the G-force sensor) and a receiver unit (RX-unit, Figure 11). The TX unit amplifies the ECG signal from the ...
Non-Invasive Assessment of Left Ventricular End
... observed test value minus 1, and the largest cutoff value is the maximum observed test value plus 1. All the other cutoff values are the averages of two consecutive ordered observed test values. a ...
... observed test value minus 1, and the largest cutoff value is the maximum observed test value plus 1. All the other cutoff values are the averages of two consecutive ordered observed test values. a ...
The Management of Cocaine Associated Myocardial Ischemia
... The pharmacologic treatment of patients with ischemic chest pain due to the use of cocaine differs in several important ways from that of patients with the usual type of myocardial ischemia. Treatment recommendations based on the pathophysiology of cocaineassociated myocardial ischemia must take int ...
... The pharmacologic treatment of patients with ischemic chest pain due to the use of cocaine differs in several important ways from that of patients with the usual type of myocardial ischemia. Treatment recommendations based on the pathophysiology of cocaineassociated myocardial ischemia must take int ...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Aortic Valve Stenosis
... dysfunction is due to other causes and the moderately stenotic AV does not open fully because of the low stroke volume (pseudostenosis12) so there is no indication for immediate valve replacement. For patients in the latter category, the primary problem is the myocardial disease (cardiomyopathy, cor ...
... dysfunction is due to other causes and the moderately stenotic AV does not open fully because of the low stroke volume (pseudostenosis12) so there is no indication for immediate valve replacement. For patients in the latter category, the primary problem is the myocardial disease (cardiomyopathy, cor ...
Medical Language, Second Edition, by Susan Turley.
... The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle. It has three triangular cusps (leaflets). It opens as the right atrium contracts to allow blood to flow from the right atrium into the right ventricle. Then it closes to prevent blood from flowing back into the right atrium. The pu ...
... The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle. It has three triangular cusps (leaflets). It opens as the right atrium contracts to allow blood to flow from the right atrium into the right ventricle. Then it closes to prevent blood from flowing back into the right atrium. The pu ...
Use of quinine and mortality-risk in patients with heart failure—a
... difference between new users and pre users < 0.001), 1.19 (1.14–1.24) vs. 0.96 (0.92–0.99). Patients who used β-blockers also had a higher incidence rate ratio associated with quinine, compared with patients who did not use β-blockers, 1.15 (1.09–1.21) vs. 0.99 (0.97–1.03), p for difference <0.001). ...
... difference between new users and pre users < 0.001), 1.19 (1.14–1.24) vs. 0.96 (0.92–0.99). Patients who used β-blockers also had a higher incidence rate ratio associated with quinine, compared with patients who did not use β-blockers, 1.15 (1.09–1.21) vs. 0.99 (0.97–1.03), p for difference <0.001). ...
Mechanism of Cardiovascular Action of Tetrodotoxin in the Cat
... blood pressures, pulse pressure, heart rate, force of myocardial contraction, cardiac output and peripheral resistance. These effects were associated with marked inhibition of the responses to stimulation of nerves to the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nerves to heart and blood vessels. Sinus b ...
... blood pressures, pulse pressure, heart rate, force of myocardial contraction, cardiac output and peripheral resistance. These effects were associated with marked inhibition of the responses to stimulation of nerves to the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nerves to heart and blood vessels. Sinus b ...
Acute heart failure
... decompensated heart failure. The study should aim to investigate the diuretic effect of dopamine as well as effects on renal function. One of the most common and difficult to manage problems arising during the initial treatment of people with acute heart failure is an inadequate response to intraven ...
... decompensated heart failure. The study should aim to investigate the diuretic effect of dopamine as well as effects on renal function. One of the most common and difficult to manage problems arising during the initial treatment of people with acute heart failure is an inadequate response to intraven ...
1 B. anthracis Edema but not Lethal Toxin Challenge in Rats Is
... potassium (K+), arterial blood gas, and lactate measures at 8, 24 and 48h. A subgroup of animals ...
... potassium (K+), arterial blood gas, and lactate measures at 8, 24 and 48h. A subgroup of animals ...
Endothelial Dysfunction
... When viewed as a single system integrated within other organ systems of the body, the endothelium forms the first point of contact between circulating blood-borne factors and adjacent organ tissues. In the presence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, redo ...
... When viewed as a single system integrated within other organ systems of the body, the endothelium forms the first point of contact between circulating blood-borne factors and adjacent organ tissues. In the presence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, redo ...
Academic paper: Reversing Heart Failure: Diastolic Recoil in a
... The example in the previous chapter in which coronary heart disease led to coronary artery occlusion and myocardial infarction illustrates one of the many possible index events or processes leading to CHF. In reality, any disease or condition that damages myocytes or negatively affects the contracti ...
... The example in the previous chapter in which coronary heart disease led to coronary artery occlusion and myocardial infarction illustrates one of the many possible index events or processes leading to CHF. In reality, any disease or condition that damages myocytes or negatively affects the contracti ...
Impact of Manual CPR on Increasing Coronary Perfusion
... from ZOLL Medical Corporation is a new device that deploys in seconds to provide automated chest compressions at a consistent rate and depth and standard duty cycle during CPR. In 2001, the FDA cleared the use of the AutoPulse as an adjunct to manual CPR for commercial distribution. The AutoPulse is ...
... from ZOLL Medical Corporation is a new device that deploys in seconds to provide automated chest compressions at a consistent rate and depth and standard duty cycle during CPR. In 2001, the FDA cleared the use of the AutoPulse as an adjunct to manual CPR for commercial distribution. The AutoPulse is ...
30 Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
... capillaries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood from the rest of the body back to the heart. As illustrated in FIGURE 30.3, arteries carry oxygenrich blood (red) and veins carry oxygen-poor blood (blue). B ...
... capillaries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood from the rest of the body back to the heart. As illustrated in FIGURE 30.3, arteries carry oxygenrich blood (red) and veins carry oxygen-poor blood (blue). B ...
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Does the Type of Diabetes Matter?
... increase the risk of pulmonary congestion and edema, which may lead to HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a complex disease which may account for up to 50% of all HF cases in the general population and which remains a treatment challenge for cardiologists. The risk of the development of HF ...
... increase the risk of pulmonary congestion and edema, which may lead to HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a complex disease which may account for up to 50% of all HF cases in the general population and which remains a treatment challenge for cardiologists. The risk of the development of HF ...
Lifestyle management to prevent and treat atrial fibrillation
... structural remodeling with experimental studies showing ‘progressive’ changes with the duration of hypertension and involvement of atrial dilatation, inflammation, increased interstitial fibrosis, and conduction disturbances [22–24]. Fortunately, this abnormal hypertensive substrate has been shown t ...
... structural remodeling with experimental studies showing ‘progressive’ changes with the duration of hypertension and involvement of atrial dilatation, inflammation, increased interstitial fibrosis, and conduction disturbances [22–24]. Fortunately, this abnormal hypertensive substrate has been shown t ...
Effects of spontaneous myocardial oscillation on cardiac function
... the isovolumic pressure of the left ventricle and epicardial fura 2 fluorescence in isolated hamster hearts were simultaneously observed at various calcium concentrations ([Ca2+],). Endothelial cells and pericytes of the capillaries, preferentially stained by fura 2, were passively oscillated by sur ...
... the isovolumic pressure of the left ventricle and epicardial fura 2 fluorescence in isolated hamster hearts were simultaneously observed at various calcium concentrations ([Ca2+],). Endothelial cells and pericytes of the capillaries, preferentially stained by fura 2, were passively oscillated by sur ...
Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes 2006
... symptom onset) to a facility without PCI capability, it is appropriate to consider transfer for primary PCI if balloon inflation can be achieved within 2 hours (including transport time). • All PCI facilities should be able to perform angioplasty within 90 minutes of patient presentation. • Fibrinol ...
... symptom onset) to a facility without PCI capability, it is appropriate to consider transfer for primary PCI if balloon inflation can be achieved within 2 hours (including transport time). • All PCI facilities should be able to perform angioplasty within 90 minutes of patient presentation. • Fibrinol ...
Effects of the Cold Pressor Test on Muscle Sympathetic Nerve
... CPT and to 574 ± 73 units (p< 0.0001 compared with control) during the second minute (see Table 1). The peak responses in arterial pressure also occurred in the second minute of the CPT. MSNA and arterial pressure returned toward control values during the recovery period. There was a significant pos ...
... CPT and to 574 ± 73 units (p< 0.0001 compared with control) during the second minute (see Table 1). The peak responses in arterial pressure also occurred in the second minute of the CPT. MSNA and arterial pressure returned toward control values during the recovery period. There was a significant pos ...
The Medical Journal of Australia
... symptom onset) to a facility without PCI capability, it is appropriate to consider transfer for primary PCI if balloon inflation can be achieved within 2 hours (including transport time). • All PCI facilities should be able to perform angioplasty within 90 minutes of patient presentation. • Fibrinol ...
... symptom onset) to a facility without PCI capability, it is appropriate to consider transfer for primary PCI if balloon inflation can be achieved within 2 hours (including transport time). • All PCI facilities should be able to perform angioplasty within 90 minutes of patient presentation. • Fibrinol ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.