IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... such as coughing, loss of airway patency and sometimes loss of a regular breathing pattern due to the effect of anaesthetics. To maintain an open airway and regulate breathing, an endotracheal tube is inserted into the trachea after the patient is unconscious. The cardiovascular response is directly ...
... such as coughing, loss of airway patency and sometimes loss of a regular breathing pattern due to the effect of anaesthetics. To maintain an open airway and regulate breathing, an endotracheal tube is inserted into the trachea after the patient is unconscious. The cardiovascular response is directly ...
The final fuck before the break up
... 7. Define the more common types of cardiovascular diseases with emphasis on etiology, mechanism, morphology and briefly to correlate the pathological aspects of diseases with clinical manifestations. 8. Understand the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, uses and adverse effects of commonly used ...
... 7. Define the more common types of cardiovascular diseases with emphasis on etiology, mechanism, morphology and briefly to correlate the pathological aspects of diseases with clinical manifestations. 8. Understand the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, uses and adverse effects of commonly used ...
The Use of Central Venous Pressure in Critically Ill Patients
... the range of 2–3 mmHg. Above a PEEP of 10 cmH2O, however, the pleural pressure at end-expiration can become clinically significant. An important condition where changes in pleural pressure can have a marked effect on the measurement of CVP is during forced expiration. This is a very common phenomeno ...
... the range of 2–3 mmHg. Above a PEEP of 10 cmH2O, however, the pleural pressure at end-expiration can become clinically significant. An important condition where changes in pleural pressure can have a marked effect on the measurement of CVP is during forced expiration. This is a very common phenomeno ...
Arrythmias and EKGs
... at doses of 6 to 12 mg, followed by a flush. Pediatric dosing should be 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg. When it is given into a central vein and in patients after heart transplantation or those receiving dipyridamole, the initial dose should be reduced to 3 mg. ...
... at doses of 6 to 12 mg, followed by a flush. Pediatric dosing should be 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg. When it is given into a central vein and in patients after heart transplantation or those receiving dipyridamole, the initial dose should be reduced to 3 mg. ...
How to Minimize Radiographic Contrast Reactions
... density with iodine best. Minimum iodine concentrations are 300 mg/ml (normal range 320-400 mg/dl). Classification is based upon an agents ability to dissociate (ionic) or not dissociate (nonionic) into ionic particles when introduced into blood. ...
... density with iodine best. Minimum iodine concentrations are 300 mg/ml (normal range 320-400 mg/dl). Classification is based upon an agents ability to dissociate (ionic) or not dissociate (nonionic) into ionic particles when introduced into blood. ...
ppt_E1ch03_regulatin..
... start recording his / her breathing rate during exercise at the same time. 5 Record data for 1 minute and then stop. 6 Ask the test classmate to stop running and sit down. At the same time, start recording his / her breathing rate after exercise for 1 ...
... start recording his / her breathing rate during exercise at the same time. 5 Record data for 1 minute and then stop. 6 Ask the test classmate to stop running and sit down. At the same time, start recording his / her breathing rate after exercise for 1 ...
Enhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex involved in
... afferents. The enhanced reflex then contributes to the increase in sympathetic outflow (Malliani & Montano, 2002; Zucker et al. 2004). It is known that hypertension increases the workload of the left ventricle, which causes an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption and the development of hypertro ...
... afferents. The enhanced reflex then contributes to the increase in sympathetic outflow (Malliani & Montano, 2002; Zucker et al. 2004). It is known that hypertension increases the workload of the left ventricle, which causes an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption and the development of hypertro ...
Cardio-Oncology and stem cell transplant
... ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF), and resting electrocardiography (ECG) in patients at high-risk for cardiovascular complications (Majhail et al., 2012). However, HCT-specific recommendations are based on retrospective studies that have identified cardiovascular complications in long-term survivor ...
... ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF), and resting electrocardiography (ECG) in patients at high-risk for cardiovascular complications (Majhail et al., 2012). However, HCT-specific recommendations are based on retrospective studies that have identified cardiovascular complications in long-term survivor ...
Supraventricular Causes of Palpitations
... Pathologic Q waves --old myocardial infarction, substrate for reentrant VT ...
... Pathologic Q waves --old myocardial infarction, substrate for reentrant VT ...
Hereditary ATTR Thr60Ala Amyloidosis
... experiences symptoms of heart failure, as described above, and ECG, echocardiogram and sometimes cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings are suggestive of amyloid deposits in the heart. A heart biopsy may be recommended to confirm the presence of amyloid and distinguish between hereditary ATTR amy ...
... experiences symptoms of heart failure, as described above, and ECG, echocardiogram and sometimes cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings are suggestive of amyloid deposits in the heart. A heart biopsy may be recommended to confirm the presence of amyloid and distinguish between hereditary ATTR amy ...
Key Terms Cardiovascular Disorders (cont.)
... 2. Discuss the two treatment options given to CL. Why would anticoagulants be prescribed? Anticoagulants would help prevent clot formation. How would an ablation treat an arrhythmia? An ablation would destroy a portion of the conduction pathway that is involved with the arrhythmia. Copyright © 2017 ...
... 2. Discuss the two treatment options given to CL. Why would anticoagulants be prescribed? Anticoagulants would help prevent clot formation. How would an ablation treat an arrhythmia? An ablation would destroy a portion of the conduction pathway that is involved with the arrhythmia. Copyright © 2017 ...
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Children, Teenagers and Young
... haemodynamic deregulation in those patients whose heart failure is due to diastolic dysfunction. When there is obstruction, then beta-blockers are the drugs of choice, whereas in such cases verapamil should be given with great caution because it may cause peripheral vasodilation and haemodynamic det ...
... haemodynamic deregulation in those patients whose heart failure is due to diastolic dysfunction. When there is obstruction, then beta-blockers are the drugs of choice, whereas in such cases verapamil should be given with great caution because it may cause peripheral vasodilation and haemodynamic det ...
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with
... Seven of the 9 investigations were single-center studies that included ⱕ30 subjects. The two multicenter investigations, conducted by the same research group, included ⱖ10 sites and ⬎100 subjects each. Heart–lung transplantation appears to significantly reduce the VE/VCO2 slope. In 5 of the pharmaco ...
... Seven of the 9 investigations were single-center studies that included ⱕ30 subjects. The two multicenter investigations, conducted by the same research group, included ⱖ10 sites and ⬎100 subjects each. Heart–lung transplantation appears to significantly reduce the VE/VCO2 slope. In 5 of the pharmaco ...
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM TOPICS
... Oxytocin is a powerful hormone that targets smooth muscle, specifically the uterus and milk ducts in the breast. It stimulates uterine contraction during labor, stimulates milk ejection or “let down” of milk, and plays a role in orgasm in both men and women. Other actions of oxytocin are not well ...
... Oxytocin is a powerful hormone that targets smooth muscle, specifically the uterus and milk ducts in the breast. It stimulates uterine contraction during labor, stimulates milk ejection or “let down” of milk, and plays a role in orgasm in both men and women. Other actions of oxytocin are not well ...
Pulsus paradoxus - European Respiratory Journal
... the left ventricle must eject blood toward the extrathoracic arteries, it must generate a higher pressure ‐ i.e. transmural pressure ‐ before blood can leave the thorax. In other words, lowering ITP would be equivalent to raising the arterial pressure by a similar amoun ...
... the left ventricle must eject blood toward the extrathoracic arteries, it must generate a higher pressure ‐ i.e. transmural pressure ‐ before blood can leave the thorax. In other words, lowering ITP would be equivalent to raising the arterial pressure by a similar amoun ...
A study of electrocardiographic changes in acute cerebrovascular
... Background: Cardiac abnormalities occur in majority of patients after cerebrovascular accidents, accounting for unexpected deaths during the first month. The most common disturbances include electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, cardiac arrhythmias, and myocardial injury and dysfunction. Objectives ...
... Background: Cardiac abnormalities occur in majority of patients after cerebrovascular accidents, accounting for unexpected deaths during the first month. The most common disturbances include electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, cardiac arrhythmias, and myocardial injury and dysfunction. Objectives ...
Acute Effects of Cardiac Glycosides on Aldosterone Secretion in
... that patients with congestive heart failure excrete abnormally large amounts of a saltretaining substance in the urine, considerable attention has been focused on the role of aldosterone in congestive heart failure. Although there is a large body of evidence2 to demonstrate that excessive aldosteron ...
... that patients with congestive heart failure excrete abnormally large amounts of a saltretaining substance in the urine, considerable attention has been focused on the role of aldosterone in congestive heart failure. Although there is a large body of evidence2 to demonstrate that excessive aldosteron ...
Benefit Definition: Unstable Angina/Non ST
... The benefit definition is based on the available evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness taking into consideration affordability constraints and financial viability of medical schemes in South Africa. This benefit definition does not endorse explicitly one medicine/medical device within a partic ...
... The benefit definition is based on the available evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness taking into consideration affordability constraints and financial viability of medical schemes in South Africa. This benefit definition does not endorse explicitly one medicine/medical device within a partic ...
Original Article
... listed as a primary or secondary cause and for 58 933 deaths where it is listed as the underlying cause of death.1 For individuals aged ≥65 years, HF is the most frequent cause of hospitalization, and it is estimated that 6 million Americans are living with HF. In addition to its physical and psycho ...
... listed as a primary or secondary cause and for 58 933 deaths where it is listed as the underlying cause of death.1 For individuals aged ≥65 years, HF is the most frequent cause of hospitalization, and it is estimated that 6 million Americans are living with HF. In addition to its physical and psycho ...
Obesity, CAD and Heart Failure: A Triple Jeopardy
... of 9% in ischemic cardiac events for each unit of change in BMI. The EUROASPIRE investigators identified that 33% of women and 23% of men with CAD were obese. Higher BMI is associated with elevated concentrations of CRP, suggesting a state of lowgrade systemic inflammation in overweight and obese pe ...
... of 9% in ischemic cardiac events for each unit of change in BMI. The EUROASPIRE investigators identified that 33% of women and 23% of men with CAD were obese. Higher BMI is associated with elevated concentrations of CRP, suggesting a state of lowgrade systemic inflammation in overweight and obese pe ...
Targeting Reactive Oxygen Species Production To Prevent Left
... not well understood and currently, no medical therapy exists to treat this condition. Cardiac VO is marked by eccentric remodeling and contractile dysfunction ultimately resulting in cardiac failure. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure and recent evidence suggests ...
... not well understood and currently, no medical therapy exists to treat this condition. Cardiac VO is marked by eccentric remodeling and contractile dysfunction ultimately resulting in cardiac failure. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure and recent evidence suggests ...
The Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Chronic
... CKD, with the majority of CKD patients affected by systemic hypertension.57 Moreover, with sodium retention, activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), and sympathetic nervous system up-regulation, hypertension becomes increasingly refractory to treatment and more severe in advan ...
... CKD, with the majority of CKD patients affected by systemic hypertension.57 Moreover, with sodium retention, activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), and sympathetic nervous system up-regulation, hypertension becomes increasingly refractory to treatment and more severe in advan ...
Full Article - College of Intensive Care Medicine
... al.32 They showed that applying lower-body negative pressure to normal individuals resulted in a decrease in left ventricular volume but, when they did the same to patients with heart failure, there was an increase in left ventricular volume. The explanation was that decompression of the right ventr ...
... al.32 They showed that applying lower-body negative pressure to normal individuals resulted in a decrease in left ventricular volume but, when they did the same to patients with heart failure, there was an increase in left ventricular volume. The explanation was that decompression of the right ventr ...
The efficiency of cardiovascular risk assessment: do - Heart
... high-risk patients who received a statin prescription previously increased substantially over calendar time. Before 2007, 7.0% of the high-risk patients (according to QRISK2) received a statin previously, while this increased to 30.4% in 2007 onwards. However, prescribing to low-risk patients also i ...
... high-risk patients who received a statin prescription previously increased substantially over calendar time. Before 2007, 7.0% of the high-risk patients (according to QRISK2) received a statin previously, while this increased to 30.4% in 2007 onwards. However, prescribing to low-risk patients also i ...
Fig. 2
... a mean age of 62 years (range: 43 to 83 years). The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients are outlined in Table 1. The assessed lesions in this present study were divided into two subgroups by the PTC cutoff point of 0.6. In the subgroup with PTC ⬍0.6, there were 15 patients with ...
... a mean age of 62 years (range: 43 to 83 years). The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients are outlined in Table 1. The assessed lesions in this present study were divided into two subgroups by the PTC cutoff point of 0.6. In the subgroup with PTC ⬍0.6, there were 15 patients with ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.