The Cardiovascular System: Part 1
... 1) Describe the structures of the heart that are responsible for regulating the movement of blood from one chamber to the next. 2) The pathway by which action potentials from the sinoatrial node travel through the heart is important for the normal function of the heart. Describe the conduction pathw ...
... 1) Describe the structures of the heart that are responsible for regulating the movement of blood from one chamber to the next. 2) The pathway by which action potentials from the sinoatrial node travel through the heart is important for the normal function of the heart. Describe the conduction pathw ...
I have just returned from four days at the
... Patty” Espresso. You see, I don’t drink coffee, don’t eat much candy and am sort of caffeine sensitive. So, after having those goodies on the first afternoon, I never slept the entire conference and am still going strong! “But, did you learn anything?” you might ask. And I’m glad you did! Tons of st ...
... Patty” Espresso. You see, I don’t drink coffee, don’t eat much candy and am sort of caffeine sensitive. So, after having those goodies on the first afternoon, I never slept the entire conference and am still going strong! “But, did you learn anything?” you might ask. And I’m glad you did! Tons of st ...
Anti anginal drugs
... arteries and veins compared to arterioles. • This means that low concentrations of GTN dilates veins first. In order to dilate arterioles, larger concentrations are needed. • However, the main target to reduce preload is the effects on the veins • GTN dilates the veins, which causes increased venous ...
... arteries and veins compared to arterioles. • This means that low concentrations of GTN dilates veins first. In order to dilate arterioles, larger concentrations are needed. • However, the main target to reduce preload is the effects on the veins • GTN dilates the veins, which causes increased venous ...
cardiovascular system
... 1. Transport- It transports oxygen from the lungs to the various cells of the body. Its primary function is to transport nutrients from the intestines to the lungs and other parts of the body, and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs. 2. Regulate- the body temperature and body heat, and the re ...
... 1. Transport- It transports oxygen from the lungs to the various cells of the body. Its primary function is to transport nutrients from the intestines to the lungs and other parts of the body, and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs. 2. Regulate- the body temperature and body heat, and the re ...
A and P lesson 7 - Calthorpe Park Moodle
... Practise taking your blood pressure (do not worry about your actual reading – several factors can affect blood pressure readings) What is happening to the heart during the systolic (higher top reading) and diastolic (lower bottom reading) ...
... Practise taking your blood pressure (do not worry about your actual reading – several factors can affect blood pressure readings) What is happening to the heart during the systolic (higher top reading) and diastolic (lower bottom reading) ...
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy in Cats
... which may be affected by many of the commonly used medications in the treatment of heart disease ...
... which may be affected by many of the commonly used medications in the treatment of heart disease ...
Beat Still My Heart
... How is blood under pressure? Any fluid confined in a vessel (hose or vein) exerts a push against the walls that contains it If the blood vessel narrows what happens to the pressure of the fluid? If the blood vessel expands in diameter what happens to the pressure inside it? If the volume of blood go ...
... How is blood under pressure? Any fluid confined in a vessel (hose or vein) exerts a push against the walls that contains it If the blood vessel narrows what happens to the pressure of the fluid? If the blood vessel expands in diameter what happens to the pressure inside it? If the volume of blood go ...
Atrial Flutter
... May occur spontaneously in people with otherwise normal hearts Not a stable rhythm atrial fibriliation Clinical features: Sometimes asymptomatic Onset characterised by sensations of regular palpitations Usually well tolerated (high heart rate for most people is a normal response to exercis ...
... May occur spontaneously in people with otherwise normal hearts Not a stable rhythm atrial fibriliation Clinical features: Sometimes asymptomatic Onset characterised by sensations of regular palpitations Usually well tolerated (high heart rate for most people is a normal response to exercis ...
Clinical Implications of the 2013 ESH/ESC Hypertension Guidelines
... (to SBP \130 mmHg), depending upon the agent used [32–36]. Furthermore, the optimal BP target for protective effects on the kidney, brain, and heart may be divergent [30]. These data support a ‘common sense’ approach in high-risk individuals, individually tailoring antihypertensive treatment and fav ...
... (to SBP \130 mmHg), depending upon the agent used [32–36]. Furthermore, the optimal BP target for protective effects on the kidney, brain, and heart may be divergent [30]. These data support a ‘common sense’ approach in high-risk individuals, individually tailoring antihypertensive treatment and fav ...
30.1 Respiratory and Circulatory Functions
... – heart pumps blood throughout body – arteries move blood away from heart – veins move blood back to heart – capillaries get blood to and from cells arteries ...
... – heart pumps blood throughout body – arteries move blood away from heart – veins move blood back to heart – capillaries get blood to and from cells arteries ...
Clinical cardiovascular AP
... o Peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, pallor, tachycardia, jugular venous distension o Chest x-ray o EKG o Echocardiogram o Blood work ...
... o Peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, pallor, tachycardia, jugular venous distension o Chest x-ray o EKG o Echocardiogram o Blood work ...
Entitlement Eligibility Guidelines
... 2. Extremely rapid development of increasingly high levels of hypertension associated with severe progressive renal damage and death in accelerated or malignant hypertension. The development of the disease is slow and gradual. By the time blood pressure becomes elevated, the initiating factors may n ...
... 2. Extremely rapid development of increasingly high levels of hypertension associated with severe progressive renal damage and death in accelerated or malignant hypertension. The development of the disease is slow and gradual. By the time blood pressure becomes elevated, the initiating factors may n ...
Topic D.4 Heart - Cougar science rocks!
... STRESS HIGH-SATURATED FAT AND CHOLESTEROL DIET HEIGHT ...
... STRESS HIGH-SATURATED FAT AND CHOLESTEROL DIET HEIGHT ...
Cardiac drugs - Australian National University
... between efficacy and side-effects but they can also induce arrhythmias. • β-AR blockers and Ca2+ channel blockers have similar actions on the heart but the latter also affect vessels directly. • Cardiac glycosides block Na/K-ATPase to revert NCX to raise [Ca2+] resulting in improved contractility an ...
... between efficacy and side-effects but they can also induce arrhythmias. • β-AR blockers and Ca2+ channel blockers have similar actions on the heart but the latter also affect vessels directly. • Cardiac glycosides block Na/K-ATPase to revert NCX to raise [Ca2+] resulting in improved contractility an ...
circulatory system
... body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. In the human heart there is one atrium and one ventricle for each circulation, and with both a systemic and a pulmonary circulation there are four chambers in total: left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle. ...
... body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. In the human heart there is one atrium and one ventricle for each circulation, and with both a systemic and a pulmonary circulation there are four chambers in total: left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle. ...
Functional Organization of the Cardiovascular System
... Protection of the body by white blood cells, antibodies, and complement proteins that circulate in the blood and defend the body against foreign microbes and toxins. Clotting mechanisms are also present that protect the body from blood loss after ...
... Protection of the body by white blood cells, antibodies, and complement proteins that circulate in the blood and defend the body against foreign microbes and toxins. Clotting mechanisms are also present that protect the body from blood loss after ...
Signs and symptoms
... Diastolic dysfunction can be induced by many of the same conditions that lead to systolic dysfunction. The most common causes are hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. ...
... Diastolic dysfunction can be induced by many of the same conditions that lead to systolic dysfunction. The most common causes are hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. ...
BIO 1414 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
... • Since the heart must work harder to pump blood against higher pressures, there is increased risk of a cardiovascular accident. ...
... • Since the heart must work harder to pump blood against higher pressures, there is increased risk of a cardiovascular accident. ...
Q28: The graph below shows normal breathing in a
... or aorta (left). You could also check for the presence/absence of the moderator band (present only in the right ventricle), see whether the AV valve has 3 leaflets (right) or 2 (left), etc. Q33: Let’s say that the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries has a PO2 of 40 mm Hg and a PCO2 of 45 mm Hg, ...
... or aorta (left). You could also check for the presence/absence of the moderator band (present only in the right ventricle), see whether the AV valve has 3 leaflets (right) or 2 (left), etc. Q33: Let’s say that the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries has a PO2 of 40 mm Hg and a PCO2 of 45 mm Hg, ...
... angiotensin II at the tissue level by chymase and cathepsin G.15,16 Underscoring the importance of these local pathways is the fact that tissue levels of angiotensin II are nearly 1,000 times greater than levels in the circulation.17 ACE inhibitors have no effect on angiotensin II formed by these al ...
averages 70 beats/min
... Resting cardiac output ≈ 5 L/min During exercise cardiac output can increase to 20 to 25 L/min Cardiac reserve: the difference between the cardiac output at rest and the maximum volume of blood the heart can pump per minute ...
... Resting cardiac output ≈ 5 L/min During exercise cardiac output can increase to 20 to 25 L/min Cardiac reserve: the difference between the cardiac output at rest and the maximum volume of blood the heart can pump per minute ...
The Heart - Biology Mad
... The human heart has four chambers: two thin-walled atria on top, which receive blood, and two thick-walled ventricles underneath, which pump blood. Veins carry blood into the atria and arteries carry blood away from the ventricles. Between the atria and the ventricles are atrioventricular valves, wh ...
... The human heart has four chambers: two thin-walled atria on top, which receive blood, and two thick-walled ventricles underneath, which pump blood. Veins carry blood into the atria and arteries carry blood away from the ventricles. Between the atria and the ventricles are atrioventricular valves, wh ...
The Heart
... • Stimulation by sympathetic ANS • Hormone (epinephrine based) • Increased extracellular Ca2+ • Drugs like Digitalis – Negative inotropic agents • Inhibition of sympathetic ANS • anoxia • acidosis • Some anesthetics • High extracellular K+ • Afterload - arterial pressure ventricles must exceed to ej ...
... • Stimulation by sympathetic ANS • Hormone (epinephrine based) • Increased extracellular Ca2+ • Drugs like Digitalis – Negative inotropic agents • Inhibition of sympathetic ANS • anoxia • acidosis • Some anesthetics • High extracellular K+ • Afterload - arterial pressure ventricles must exceed to ej ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.