File
... Sino Atrial node sends impulses through atria Atria contract (top downwards) – forces additional blood into ventricles through Atrio Ventricular valves Blood from Right Atrium to Right Ventricle; blood from LA to LV Ventricles receive impulses from AVN via Purkyne fibres – ventricles contract (botto ...
... Sino Atrial node sends impulses through atria Atria contract (top downwards) – forces additional blood into ventricles through Atrio Ventricular valves Blood from Right Atrium to Right Ventricle; blood from LA to LV Ventricles receive impulses from AVN via Purkyne fibres – ventricles contract (botto ...
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension - The Association of Physicians of
... against influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia, anticoagulation— international normalized ratio (INR) 1.5–2.5 with warfarin, diuretics in RV volume over load, O2 supplementation to keep O2 saturation greater than 90%, digoxin in right heart failure, low CO states and atrial arrhythmias. ...
... against influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia, anticoagulation— international normalized ratio (INR) 1.5–2.5 with warfarin, diuretics in RV volume over load, O2 supplementation to keep O2 saturation greater than 90%, digoxin in right heart failure, low CO states and atrial arrhythmias. ...
See Figures 10
... constrict to produce this effect, increasing the MAP. Organs supplied by these constricting vessels receive less blood flow. However, some arterioles serving organs (e.g., skeletal muscles during exercise) dilate during this increase in TPR. These organs receive more blood as the MAP increases. ...
... constrict to produce this effect, increasing the MAP. Organs supplied by these constricting vessels receive less blood flow. However, some arterioles serving organs (e.g., skeletal muscles during exercise) dilate during this increase in TPR. These organs receive more blood as the MAP increases. ...
svhs advanced biology cardiovascular system
... 1) Be able to describe the location of the heart and its surrounding structures. 2) Be able to describe the structural make-up of the heart’s wall. 3) Be able to name and give a function for the structures of the heart as studied in lab. 4) Be able to describe the hearts blood supply and the result ...
... 1) Be able to describe the location of the heart and its surrounding structures. 2) Be able to describe the structural make-up of the heart’s wall. 3) Be able to name and give a function for the structures of the heart as studied in lab. 4) Be able to describe the hearts blood supply and the result ...
DESCARTES, TREATISE ON MAN Selection translated from De l
... new machine, entirely similar to the first, by the way in which the humor assembles at “E.” However, I cannot say more on this matter. As for those particles of the blood which penetrate up to the brain, they function not only to nourish it and enter its substance, but more primarily to produce ther ...
... new machine, entirely similar to the first, by the way in which the humor assembles at “E.” However, I cannot say more on this matter. As for those particles of the blood which penetrate up to the brain, they function not only to nourish it and enter its substance, but more primarily to produce ther ...
Course Specifications: Clinical physiology
... a4- mention the properties of the cardiac muscle and factors affecting them, special circulations. understand the circulatory system and different related aspect. a5-- Describe the functional structure of the respiratory system ,, respiratory cycle, its mechanism, regulation of normal respiration , ...
... a4- mention the properties of the cardiac muscle and factors affecting them, special circulations. understand the circulatory system and different related aspect. a5-- Describe the functional structure of the respiratory system ,, respiratory cycle, its mechanism, regulation of normal respiration , ...
When parathyroid hormone is depleted, it can affect the whole you
... can lead to concerns for potential complications • Some people, despite taking very high amounts of calcium and active vitamin D, can experience wide swings in serum calcium ...
... can lead to concerns for potential complications • Some people, despite taking very high amounts of calcium and active vitamin D, can experience wide swings in serum calcium ...
Atrial Fibrillation and Sudden Cardiac Death
... were due to SCD, and these events were best predicted by the presence of HF (HR: 2.24 [95% CI: 1.75 to 2.87], p < 0.0001) (11). This raises the question, “Is HF the middleman responsible for the observed increased risk of SCD in patients with AF?” In this issue of JACC: Heart Failure, Reinier et al. ...
... were due to SCD, and these events were best predicted by the presence of HF (HR: 2.24 [95% CI: 1.75 to 2.87], p < 0.0001) (11). This raises the question, “Is HF the middleman responsible for the observed increased risk of SCD in patients with AF?” In this issue of JACC: Heart Failure, Reinier et al. ...
The Heart
... Hormones (e.g. adrenaline) act directly on the SAN and increase the rate. pH and temperature: ...
... Hormones (e.g. adrenaline) act directly on the SAN and increase the rate. pH and temperature: ...
Quick Reference Guide: Atrial Fibrillation
... What to do if the patient with AF is on antiplatelet therapy? It is not uncommon for a patient with atrial fibrillation to also need antiplatelet treatment for coronary heart disease; unfortunately there is a lack of sufficient evidence to provide clear management pathways for such patients. The com ...
... What to do if the patient with AF is on antiplatelet therapy? It is not uncommon for a patient with atrial fibrillation to also need antiplatelet treatment for coronary heart disease; unfortunately there is a lack of sufficient evidence to provide clear management pathways for such patients. The com ...
see Section 2.1 - Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS
... tachycardia and atrial flutter. Place in therapy for atrial fibrillation and chronic heart failure has been assessed in NICE clinical guidelines (see below). The maintenance dose is usually 125 to 250micrograms once daily but varies depending on renal function, age and indication. The therapeutic ra ...
... tachycardia and atrial flutter. Place in therapy for atrial fibrillation and chronic heart failure has been assessed in NICE clinical guidelines (see below). The maintenance dose is usually 125 to 250micrograms once daily but varies depending on renal function, age and indication. The therapeutic ra ...
Cardioreview - Sinoe Medical Association
... Macrophages – phagocytize foreign substances and help activate T cells Dendritic cells – spiny-looking cells with functions similar to macrophages Reticular cells – fibroblast–like fibroblast like cells that produce a stroma, or network, that supports other cell types in lymphoid organs ...
... Macrophages – phagocytize foreign substances and help activate T cells Dendritic cells – spiny-looking cells with functions similar to macrophages Reticular cells – fibroblast–like fibroblast like cells that produce a stroma, or network, that supports other cell types in lymphoid organs ...
Instruction Manual
... Blood pressure values measured at home tend to be lower than those measured in the hospital. This is caused by the fact that you are nervous when you have your blood pressure measured in the hospital, but you feel relaxed at home. It is important to know your stable normal blood pressure measured at ...
... Blood pressure values measured at home tend to be lower than those measured in the hospital. This is caused by the fact that you are nervous when you have your blood pressure measured in the hospital, but you feel relaxed at home. It is important to know your stable normal blood pressure measured at ...
Performance enhancing drug abuse and cardiovascular risk
... clinical perspective it is also worth noting that EPO is predominantly used to boost endurance exercise performance and in general has not crossed over to amateur and recreational sports performers. AS, HGH, HCG and insulin/insulin-like growth factors, however, are routinely used by professional, am ...
... clinical perspective it is also worth noting that EPO is predominantly used to boost endurance exercise performance and in general has not crossed over to amateur and recreational sports performers. AS, HGH, HCG and insulin/insulin-like growth factors, however, are routinely used by professional, am ...
The Cardiovascular System
... during ventricular contraction when the valves between the Atrium & Ventricles closes. The closing causes the blood to stop flowing or back up causing a sound almost like waves crashing on a beach. They do not make a sound until they crash. Blood does not make a sound when flowing; only when it is ...
... during ventricular contraction when the valves between the Atrium & Ventricles closes. The closing causes the blood to stop flowing or back up causing a sound almost like waves crashing on a beach. They do not make a sound until they crash. Blood does not make a sound when flowing; only when it is ...
Winter 2014 - American Certification Agency
... an attack of PAT. In most cases PAT affects more women than men; most often develops at age 20-30 but can occur at any age; occurs most often in those that are very anxious, under stress or physically fatigued; occurs in those with an overactive thyroid gland; those who use caffeine or alcohol in ex ...
... an attack of PAT. In most cases PAT affects more women than men; most often develops at age 20-30 but can occur at any age; occurs most often in those that are very anxious, under stress or physically fatigued; occurs in those with an overactive thyroid gland; those who use caffeine or alcohol in ex ...
Nursing care of acute and chronic heart failure
... • Dehydration • Diuretic resistance if already on oral diuretics • Headache ...
... • Dehydration • Diuretic resistance if already on oral diuretics • Headache ...
Use of the Thyroid Hormone Analogue Eprotirome in Statin
... so likely to be pressure to find positive results • Reasons for drop outs not given in main article • No statistical comparison of placebo to study groups • Long list of exclusions would imply largely patients on primary prevention, who are treated differently to secondary prevention • Eprotirome ad ...
... so likely to be pressure to find positive results • Reasons for drop outs not given in main article • No statistical comparison of placebo to study groups • Long list of exclusions would imply largely patients on primary prevention, who are treated differently to secondary prevention • Eprotirome ad ...
Assessment of microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients with
... Objectives. Cardiovascular risk assessment is continuously improving due to a better understanding of the atherosclerotic pathomechanism by investigating new risk factors. Microalbuminuria is known as a predictor of renal, as well as cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertensi ...
... Objectives. Cardiovascular risk assessment is continuously improving due to a better understanding of the atherosclerotic pathomechanism by investigating new risk factors. Microalbuminuria is known as a predictor of renal, as well as cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertensi ...
Worksheet 1 Cardiac Cycle
... b) Label the left ventricle (LV) on the picture. How would you describe the shape of the LV & the thickness of its wall? i) Contraction of the longitudinal & oblique muscle fibers results in what changes in the heart? Draw red arrows to depict these movements. ii) Contraction of the circular muscle ...
... b) Label the left ventricle (LV) on the picture. How would you describe the shape of the LV & the thickness of its wall? i) Contraction of the longitudinal & oblique muscle fibers results in what changes in the heart? Draw red arrows to depict these movements. ii) Contraction of the circular muscle ...
Prevalence and Consequence of Systolic Hypertension in Children
... two occasions separated by 2.3 years using both clinic and ambulatory BP. The SBP response to stress and initial ambulatory SBP (24-h, daytime, and nighttime) was positively related to the LVMI measured 2 years later. These data suggest that both enhanced SBP reactivity to stress and elevated restin ...
... two occasions separated by 2.3 years using both clinic and ambulatory BP. The SBP response to stress and initial ambulatory SBP (24-h, daytime, and nighttime) was positively related to the LVMI measured 2 years later. These data suggest that both enhanced SBP reactivity to stress and elevated restin ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.