ADVANCED CONCEPTS IN CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING FINAL
... When a patient has a high triglyceride level they should be initiated on TLC, if not already done, and screened for any secondary source for their hypertriglyceridemia. These patients will require medications to lower their triglyceride levels. The medication selection is dependent on a patient’s me ...
... When a patient has a high triglyceride level they should be initiated on TLC, if not already done, and screened for any secondary source for their hypertriglyceridemia. These patients will require medications to lower their triglyceride levels. The medication selection is dependent on a patient’s me ...
The Heart
... with apex: blunt rounded point of cone & the base: flat part at opposite end of cone. Interesting Facts: • The heart beat is strong enough to jet blood 30 feet • The longer a boy’s ring finger is, the less likely they are to have a heart attack (according to one study) • Most heart attacks occur bet ...
... with apex: blunt rounded point of cone & the base: flat part at opposite end of cone. Interesting Facts: • The heart beat is strong enough to jet blood 30 feet • The longer a boy’s ring finger is, the less likely they are to have a heart attack (according to one study) • Most heart attacks occur bet ...
Ischemic Heart Disease
... • Symptoms are often provoked by exertion (e.g., walking, climbing stairs, and doing yard-or housework) or emotional stress and relieved within minutes by rest or sublingual nitroglycerin. • Other precipitating factors include exposure to cold temperatures and heavy meals. Pain that occurs at rest ( ...
... • Symptoms are often provoked by exertion (e.g., walking, climbing stairs, and doing yard-or housework) or emotional stress and relieved within minutes by rest or sublingual nitroglycerin. • Other precipitating factors include exposure to cold temperatures and heavy meals. Pain that occurs at rest ( ...
CASE 8
... these vessels are arranged parallel to one another. Thus, the greater the number of vessels, the lower is the resistance. In the systemic circulation, this balance between vessel radius and vessel number is such that the small arteries, the capillaries, and, most important, the arterioles offer the ...
... these vessels are arranged parallel to one another. Thus, the greater the number of vessels, the lower is the resistance. In the systemic circulation, this balance between vessel radius and vessel number is such that the small arteries, the capillaries, and, most important, the arterioles offer the ...
Phosphodiesterase Inhibition in Pediatric Heart Failure
... low-dose oral enoximone (another PDE3 specific inhibitor) in adults did not show improvement in any major clinical outcomes [35]. Additionally, multiple studies have shown trends toward increased transient ventricular arrhythmias associated with the use of milrinone, ranging in incidence from 12.2% ...
... low-dose oral enoximone (another PDE3 specific inhibitor) in adults did not show improvement in any major clinical outcomes [35]. Additionally, multiple studies have shown trends toward increased transient ventricular arrhythmias associated with the use of milrinone, ranging in incidence from 12.2% ...
7-Days Holter
... Upstream therapies are long-term modulators of atrial remodeling regarding structure/function, which may change the molecules expression contributing to the arrhythmic substrate. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important therapeutic target for atrial remodeling. Angiotensin II receptor bloc ...
... Upstream therapies are long-term modulators of atrial remodeling regarding structure/function, which may change the molecules expression contributing to the arrhythmic substrate. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important therapeutic target for atrial remodeling. Angiotensin II receptor bloc ...
Jugular Venous Pressure
... How to examine jugular venous pressure [1, 2, 3] Use the right internal jugular vein (IJV). The patient should be at a 45° angle. The patient's head should be turned slightly to the left. If possible, have a tangential light source that shines obliquely from the left. Locate the surface markings of ...
... How to examine jugular venous pressure [1, 2, 3] Use the right internal jugular vein (IJV). The patient should be at a 45° angle. The patient's head should be turned slightly to the left. If possible, have a tangential light source that shines obliquely from the left. Locate the surface markings of ...
Surgery in advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension and
... Qp/Qs was larger than 1.25(P=0.000 and 0.001), but the actuarial survival between the two groups had no difference when PVR was larger than 15 WU or Qp/Qs was less than 1.25 ( P=0.596 and 0.424 ) ...
... Qp/Qs was larger than 1.25(P=0.000 and 0.001), but the actuarial survival between the two groups had no difference when PVR was larger than 15 WU or Qp/Qs was less than 1.25 ( P=0.596 and 0.424 ) ...
Vessels and Circulation
... Ensures that arterial blockage does not totally interrupt circulation Examples are arteries of heart, brain and extremities ...
... Ensures that arterial blockage does not totally interrupt circulation Examples are arteries of heart, brain and extremities ...
pressure fiber-optic sensors in intra-aortic balloon pumping
... records the pressure with high fidelity and without dynamic artefact. The aortic waveform shows a characteristic shape where the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) events could clearly be separated by the dicrotic notch event (DN arrow) indicating the aortic valve closure and thus the transition between ...
... records the pressure with high fidelity and without dynamic artefact. The aortic waveform shows a characteristic shape where the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) events could clearly be separated by the dicrotic notch event (DN arrow) indicating the aortic valve closure and thus the transition between ...
Infective endocarditis - Oxford Academic
... nodes (3%) or Janeway lesions (5%) are uncommon, and physical examination is often unremarkable. A history of weight loss and night sweats is frequently described (up to 96% of cases); a new or a different heart murmur (48% and 20%, respectively) and elevated C-reactive protein are also common findi ...
... nodes (3%) or Janeway lesions (5%) are uncommon, and physical examination is often unremarkable. A history of weight loss and night sweats is frequently described (up to 96% of cases); a new or a different heart murmur (48% and 20%, respectively) and elevated C-reactive protein are also common findi ...
Indirect Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure
... enough to be clinically useful. In both indirect methods pressure is applied externally to an artery using an instrument called a SPHYGMOMANOMETER. It consists of an inflatable rubber bag (cuff), a rubber bulb for introducing air into the cuff, and a mercury or aneroid manometer for measuring the pr ...
... enough to be clinically useful. In both indirect methods pressure is applied externally to an artery using an instrument called a SPHYGMOMANOMETER. It consists of an inflatable rubber bag (cuff), a rubber bulb for introducing air into the cuff, and a mercury or aneroid manometer for measuring the pr ...
Heart disease - Dentalelle Tutoring
... new policy advises antibiotics for fewer conditions than the old policy did. Pre-treatment with antibiotics is still recommended for people who have had endocarditis in the past. It is also recommended for people with artificial heart valves, and people who had heart transplants and later developed ...
... new policy advises antibiotics for fewer conditions than the old policy did. Pre-treatment with antibiotics is still recommended for people who have had endocarditis in the past. It is also recommended for people with artificial heart valves, and people who had heart transplants and later developed ...
Cardiovascular Disorders in Children
... FIGURE 26–7 A, Septal occluder used to close an atrial septal defect (ASD) and less commonly to close a ventricular septal defect (VSD). B, Coil used to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The coil of wire covered with tiny fibers occludes the ductus arteriosis when a thrombus forms in the mass ...
... FIGURE 26–7 A, Septal occluder used to close an atrial septal defect (ASD) and less commonly to close a ventricular septal defect (VSD). B, Coil used to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The coil of wire covered with tiny fibers occludes the ductus arteriosis when a thrombus forms in the mass ...
frequently asked questions
... stop the loss of blood. However, in the case of chronic injury to the heart as in heart disease, blood clots can be lethal, potentially blocking an artery vital to proper blood flow through the heart. Preliminary clinical studies found that when study participants consumed flavanol-rich cocoa or cho ...
... stop the loss of blood. However, in the case of chronic injury to the heart as in heart disease, blood clots can be lethal, potentially blocking an artery vital to proper blood flow through the heart. Preliminary clinical studies found that when study participants consumed flavanol-rich cocoa or cho ...
5-Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis
... Can become unstable in atrial fibrillation. 1-Long term care with Beta blockers 2-Amiodarone is treatment of choice for ventricular dysrhhythmias 3-Diuretics in the face of pulmonary congestion 4-Avoid agents that reduce ventricular volume (nitrates) or increase myocardial contractility (digoxin) 5- ...
... Can become unstable in atrial fibrillation. 1-Long term care with Beta blockers 2-Amiodarone is treatment of choice for ventricular dysrhhythmias 3-Diuretics in the face of pulmonary congestion 4-Avoid agents that reduce ventricular volume (nitrates) or increase myocardial contractility (digoxin) 5- ...
Cardiotonics and Miscellaneous Inotropic Drugs
... The most profound effect of a cardiotonic drug occurs in patients with HF. In HF, the heart, weakened by disease or age, cannot pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the demands of the body. The weakened heart results in a decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood leaving the left ventricle dur ...
... The most profound effect of a cardiotonic drug occurs in patients with HF. In HF, the heart, weakened by disease or age, cannot pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the demands of the body. The weakened heart results in a decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood leaving the left ventricle dur ...
Basic Hemodynamics for the Cath Lab and ICU
... 3. Collect hemodynamics in a systematic method using established protocols 4. Critically assess the pressure waveforms for proper fidelity 5. Carefully time pressure events with the ECG 6. Review the tracings for common artifacts ...
... 3. Collect hemodynamics in a systematic method using established protocols 4. Critically assess the pressure waveforms for proper fidelity 5. Carefully time pressure events with the ECG 6. Review the tracings for common artifacts ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... • The parasympathetic division is involved with maintaining homeostasis within the body. To accomplish this, it maintains essential bodily functions, such as digestive processes and elimination of wastes. • The parasympathetic division is required for life. It usually acts to oppose or balance the a ...
... • The parasympathetic division is involved with maintaining homeostasis within the body. To accomplish this, it maintains essential bodily functions, such as digestive processes and elimination of wastes. • The parasympathetic division is required for life. It usually acts to oppose or balance the a ...
Anaesthetic Management Of Delivery In Patients With Heart Disease
... • Autotransfusion from contracted Uterus ≤ 1500ml • Aortocaval compression removed ...
... • Autotransfusion from contracted Uterus ≤ 1500ml • Aortocaval compression removed ...
Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Responses to Exercise Testing
... aerobic capacity is widely recognized to decline with age (5). There is therefore, a need to establish normal data for cardiovascular function in children, adult and elderly in order to differentiate age related changes form disease related alterations in cardiovascular function (6). The results of ...
... aerobic capacity is widely recognized to decline with age (5). There is therefore, a need to establish normal data for cardiovascular function in children, adult and elderly in order to differentiate age related changes form disease related alterations in cardiovascular function (6). The results of ...
Pharmaceutical care of people with coronary heart disease Course
... prevention of coronary heart disease following myocardial infarction provides guidance on the identification and modification of risk factors, pharmacological therapy and cardiac rehabilitation.4 The objectives of secondary prevention are to prevent death, major coronary events, congestive heart fai ...
... prevention of coronary heart disease following myocardial infarction provides guidance on the identification and modification of risk factors, pharmacological therapy and cardiac rehabilitation.4 The objectives of secondary prevention are to prevent death, major coronary events, congestive heart fai ...
diastolic dysfunction in normotensive type2 dm
... diabetics has been associated with changes in left ventricular diastolic function. Chronic hyperglycemia leads to the formation of AGE’s that modify the extracellular matrix, resulting in elasticity of the vessel wall and could interfere with myocardial function as well. These coupled with abnormal ...
... diabetics has been associated with changes in left ventricular diastolic function. Chronic hyperglycemia leads to the formation of AGE’s that modify the extracellular matrix, resulting in elasticity of the vessel wall and could interfere with myocardial function as well. These coupled with abnormal ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.