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Disorders - Resp.system
Disorders - Resp.system

... uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung •The most common symptoms are shortness of breath, coughing (including coughing up blood), and weight loss. •Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation ...
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Infection severity - University of Georgia

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Heartworm Disease (Dirofilariasis) in Cats
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... infection rate in dogs. The life cycle of the heartworm is best understood through a discussion of canine infection. The role of cats can then be considered as an “innocent bystander” effect. The worm’s life includes younger larval stages and older adult stages. Part of the cycle occurs inside the m ...
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... not known, although Ebola HF is thought to be a zoonotic disease. How the virus is passed from the unknown animal host to humans is not clear. What is known is that once a human is infected, the virus spreads efficiently through person-to-person contact. New infections occur through direct contact w ...
Zoonoses – Shared Disease Agents of People and Pets
Zoonoses – Shared Disease Agents of People and Pets

... Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the minute parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Exposure can occur via food/water or general environment contamination with excrement containing the parasite precursors. Exposure occurs when the contaminated material is accidentally ingested by mouth. "Toxo" is a concern ...
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Digestive Disorders

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Infectious Disease

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E. coli - sfcdcp.org

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10th Basic Concept in Infection Control (Excerpt of Epidemiology

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Nrsg 407 Infectious Disease

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Chapter 21: Infectious Diseases - Holy Trinity Diocesan High School

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Chapter 21: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Digestive System

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microbiology ch 53 [9-4

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Trichinosis



Trichinosis, trichinellosis or trichiniasis is a parasitic disease caused by roundworms of the genus Trichinella. Several subspecies cause human disease, but T. spiralis is the most known. Infection may occur without symptoms, while intestinal invasion can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain or vomiting. Larval migration into muscle tissue (one week after being infected) can cause edema of the face or around the eyes, conjunctivitis, fever, muscle pains, splinter hemorrhages, rashes, and peripheral eosinophilia. Life-threatening cases can result in myocarditis, central nervous system involvement, and pneumonitis. Larval encystment in the muscles causes pain and weakness, followed by slow progression of symptoms.Trichinosis is mainly caused by eating undercooked meat containing encysted larval Trichinella. In the stomach the larvae are exposed to stomach acid and pepsin which releases them from their cysts. They then start invading wall of the small intestine, where they develop into adult worms. Females are 2.2 mm in length; males 1.2 mm. The life span in the small intestine is about four weeks. After 1 week, the females release more larvae that migrate to voluntarily controlled muscles where they encyst. Diagnosis is usually made based on symptoms, and is confirmed by serology or by finding encysted or non-encysted larvae in biopsy or autopsy samples.The best way to prevent trichinellosis is to cook meat to safe temperatures. Using food thermometers can make sure the temperature inside the meat is high enough to kill the parasites. The meat should not be tasted until it is completely cooked. Once infection has been verified treatment with antiparasitic drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole should be started at once. A fast response may help kill adult worms and thereby stop further release of larvae. Once the larvae have established in muscle cells, usually by 3 to 4 weeks after infection, treatment may not completely get rid of the infection or symptoms. Both drugs are considered safe but have been associated with side effects such as bone marrow suppression. Patients on longer courses should be monitored though regular blood counts to detect adverse effects quickly and then discontinue treatment. Both medicines should be treated with caution during pregnancy or children under the age of 2 years, but the WHO weighs the benefits of treatment higher than the risks. In addition to antiparasitic medication, treatment with steroids is sometimes required in severe cases.Trichinosis can be acquired by eating both domestic and wild animals, but is not soil-transmitted.
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