ATAGI Influenza Vaccine Statement
... • persons with Down syndrome • persons with class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) • persons with chronic liver disease • children aged 6 months to <5 years • residents of aged care facilities and long-term residential care facilities • persons who may transmit influenza to children or adults ...
... • persons with Down syndrome • persons with class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) • persons with chronic liver disease • children aged 6 months to <5 years • residents of aged care facilities and long-term residential care facilities • persons who may transmit influenza to children or adults ...
MEASLES INFORMATION SHEET
... While many older adults are immune to measles because they were infected as children, young adults may have either not had measles, or received measles immunisation. Unimmunised children who have come into contact with measles and who do not receive MMR or immunoglobulin should not attend school unt ...
... While many older adults are immune to measles because they were infected as children, young adults may have either not had measles, or received measles immunisation. Unimmunised children who have come into contact with measles and who do not receive MMR or immunoglobulin should not attend school unt ...
Listeria Meningitis - The Journal of Experimental Medicine
... LM and LCMV. In contrast to what was found in LM infected mice, IL-10 could not be detected in the CSF at any time from i.e. inoculation with LCMV till death on day 7 to 8 (Fig. 1). Besides, IL-10 CSF samples from LCMV-infected mice also lacked TNF-c~ but were positive for IL-6 and IFN-'y (Fig. 1). ...
... LM and LCMV. In contrast to what was found in LM infected mice, IL-10 could not be detected in the CSF at any time from i.e. inoculation with LCMV till death on day 7 to 8 (Fig. 1). Besides, IL-10 CSF samples from LCMV-infected mice also lacked TNF-c~ but were positive for IL-6 and IFN-'y (Fig. 1). ...
Smallpox vaccination and all-cause infectious disease
... pertussis and hepatitis B may increase mortality unrelated to the target disease.2,3 Though initially based on observational studies, these unexpected findings are now being reproduced in randomized controlled trials designed to investigate the non-specific effects of vaccination.4,5,7 For example, ...
... pertussis and hepatitis B may increase mortality unrelated to the target disease.2,3 Though initially based on observational studies, these unexpected findings are now being reproduced in randomized controlled trials designed to investigate the non-specific effects of vaccination.4,5,7 For example, ...
IV. Risk assessment of main infectious diseases
... tuberculosis and 29,642 were hepatitis (hepatitis B: 25,387 cases, hepatitis A: 1,796 cases), accounting for 66.60% of the total reported cases. In addition, other diseases with big incidence number are: mumps (7,038 cases), chicken pox (6,135 cases), bacillary dysentery (4,328 cases), measles (2,35 ...
... tuberculosis and 29,642 were hepatitis (hepatitis B: 25,387 cases, hepatitis A: 1,796 cases), accounting for 66.60% of the total reported cases. In addition, other diseases with big incidence number are: mumps (7,038 cases), chicken pox (6,135 cases), bacillary dysentery (4,328 cases), measles (2,35 ...
Histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of infectious
... cystic changes was additional changes, considered to be paramount for IBD. Expression and localization of IBD specific viral antigens were noticed mainly intracellular to the rarefied areas of bursal follicle section(s), in conjunction to inner lining of the cystic cavities of affected follicles. In ...
... cystic changes was additional changes, considered to be paramount for IBD. Expression and localization of IBD specific viral antigens were noticed mainly intracellular to the rarefied areas of bursal follicle section(s), in conjunction to inner lining of the cystic cavities of affected follicles. In ...
C. Meningococcal infection
... A. specific B. collective C. *individual D. specific and collective E. specific, collective and individual 55. Measures in relation to contact persons at a Tetanus: A. Vaccination B. Direction of all persons in an insulator C. Chemoprophylaxis D. Laboratory inspection E. *Does not conduct 56. Measur ...
... A. specific B. collective C. *individual D. specific and collective E. specific, collective and individual 55. Measures in relation to contact persons at a Tetanus: A. Vaccination B. Direction of all persons in an insulator C. Chemoprophylaxis D. Laboratory inspection E. *Does not conduct 56. Measur ...
Cases
... In addition to the above risk groups, Aciclovir should be considered for all adults over 16 years if treatment can commence within 24 hours of onset of rash. ...
... In addition to the above risk groups, Aciclovir should be considered for all adults over 16 years if treatment can commence within 24 hours of onset of rash. ...
Immune correlates of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis
... during the initial episode of CM. Individuals with a lack of inflammation in their CSF during the initial episode of CM, characterized by low CSF white cells (<5/μL), low CSF concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8), and increased concentrations of CSF chemokines (CCL2/ ...
... during the initial episode of CM. Individuals with a lack of inflammation in their CSF during the initial episode of CM, characterized by low CSF white cells (<5/μL), low CSF concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8), and increased concentrations of CSF chemokines (CCL2/ ...
Multicenter prospective study of procalcitonin as an indicator of sepsis
... prohormone of calcitonin. Under physiological conditions, hormonally active calcitonin is produced and secreted in the C cells of the thyroid gland after the specific intracellular proteolytic processing of the prohormone PCT. Calcitonin is secreted into the circulation, and its plasma half-life is ...
... prohormone of calcitonin. Under physiological conditions, hormonally active calcitonin is produced and secreted in the C cells of the thyroid gland after the specific intracellular proteolytic processing of the prohormone PCT. Calcitonin is secreted into the circulation, and its plasma half-life is ...
Student Version Chapter 5 Preventing infection
... Microorganism or Microbe a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only through a microscope. ...
... Microorganism or Microbe a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only through a microscope. ...
duration of virus shedding after trivalent intranasal live attenuated
... upper respiratory tract episodes and days of work lost due to illness in adults.5 However, one concern with the use of the live attenuated influenza vaccines has been the potential risk of ...
... upper respiratory tract episodes and days of work lost due to illness in adults.5 However, one concern with the use of the live attenuated influenza vaccines has been the potential risk of ...
Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of West Nile Virus
... The intensity of WNV transmission is determined primarily by the abundance of competent mosquitoes and the prevalence of infection in mosquitoes. The estimated prevalenee of infection, measured as the minimum infection rate (MIR), that is needed to produce epidemies is uncertain. Toward the end of t ...
... The intensity of WNV transmission is determined primarily by the abundance of competent mosquitoes and the prevalence of infection in mosquitoes. The estimated prevalenee of infection, measured as the minimum infection rate (MIR), that is needed to produce epidemies is uncertain. Toward the end of t ...
MODULE 6 Communication - World Health Organization
... sources, such as the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) or WHO’s Vaccine Safety Net. The WHO evaluation of whether MMR vaccine increases the incidence of autism is a good example of an expert evaluation by the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, responding to information ne ...
... sources, such as the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) or WHO’s Vaccine Safety Net. The WHO evaluation of whether MMR vaccine increases the incidence of autism is a good example of an expert evaluation by the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, responding to information ne ...
BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA
... thick, inflammatory exudate (or pus) collects in the alveolar spaces and interferes with the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Alveolar exudate tends to solidify—a process known as consolidation—and expectoration of infected phlegm becomes difficult. Legionella, Mycoplasma, and Chlamydia are e ...
... thick, inflammatory exudate (or pus) collects in the alveolar spaces and interferes with the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Alveolar exudate tends to solidify—a process known as consolidation—and expectoration of infected phlegm becomes difficult. Legionella, Mycoplasma, and Chlamydia are e ...
File - International Nursing Symposium
... Teens, adults – more likely to be more symptomatic with fever, systemic complaints. Arthralgias, arthritis in 70% lasting up to a month – knees, wrists, fingers Complications more common in adults – postinfectious encephalitis (1 in 6000 within week): immune mediated and good prognosis OR progre ...
... Teens, adults – more likely to be more symptomatic with fever, systemic complaints. Arthralgias, arthritis in 70% lasting up to a month – knees, wrists, fingers Complications more common in adults – postinfectious encephalitis (1 in 6000 within week): immune mediated and good prognosis OR progre ...
The greatest steps towards the discovery of Vibrio cholerae
... despite his success in isolating the bacillus in pure culture, he had failed to reproduce the disease in animals, reasoning correctly that they are not susceptible, but renouncing one of the elements of proof that he had himself fixed in his research, later known as Koch’s postulates, which provided ...
... despite his success in isolating the bacillus in pure culture, he had failed to reproduce the disease in animals, reasoning correctly that they are not susceptible, but renouncing one of the elements of proof that he had himself fixed in his research, later known as Koch’s postulates, which provided ...
18 Varicella (Chickenpox and Shingles)
... New Zealand hospital discharge information for varicella between 1970 and 2010 is shown in Figure 18.1. The rate of hospital discharges for the 0–4 and 5–9 years age groups was higher compared with older age groups because the disease is most common in childhood. However, adults, adolescents and inf ...
... New Zealand hospital discharge information for varicella between 1970 and 2010 is shown in Figure 18.1. The rate of hospital discharges for the 0–4 and 5–9 years age groups was higher compared with older age groups because the disease is most common in childhood. However, adults, adolescents and inf ...
What is field epidemiology
... Epidemiology applies a structured approach to investigate disease and causes of disease in groups of animals (populations). The most common approach is to collect information on animals affected with a disease and similar animals that are not affected (sick animals and healthy animals). Information ...
... Epidemiology applies a structured approach to investigate disease and causes of disease in groups of animals (populations). The most common approach is to collect information on animals affected with a disease and similar animals that are not affected (sick animals and healthy animals). Information ...
Appendix 3.7 - WHO archives
... Meningitis, while not at the top of this band, falls into a different category to most of the others as its epidemiology in many parts of the less-developed world is not known in sufficient detail. For most of the viral forms (other than for mumps, measles and varicella) there are no vaccines nor ar ...
... Meningitis, while not at the top of this band, falls into a different category to most of the others as its epidemiology in many parts of the less-developed world is not known in sufficient detail. For most of the viral forms (other than for mumps, measles and varicella) there are no vaccines nor ar ...
The greatest steps towards the discovery of Vibrio cholerae
... the second time, after Filippo Pacini’s discovery in 1854: Koch isolated the comma bacillus in pure culture and explained its mode of transmission, solving an enigma that had lasted for centuries. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the different steps towards the explanation of cholera, payin ...
... the second time, after Filippo Pacini’s discovery in 1854: Koch isolated the comma bacillus in pure culture and explained its mode of transmission, solving an enigma that had lasted for centuries. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the different steps towards the explanation of cholera, payin ...
Ch. 28 Infectious Diseases
... – Inflammation of the meninges – Can be viral or bacterial – Meningococcal Meningitis ...
... – Inflammation of the meninges – Can be viral or bacterial – Meningococcal Meningitis ...
Avian Reovirus - Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
... therefore considers that controls, above and beyond those currently applied by these international standards, are required for live avian vaccines produced on SPF eggs of non-Australian origin. These additional controls could be applied to either the source SPF flock (eg increased sampling and testi ...
... therefore considers that controls, above and beyond those currently applied by these international standards, are required for live avian vaccines produced on SPF eggs of non-Australian origin. These additional controls could be applied to either the source SPF flock (eg increased sampling and testi ...
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases
... haemorrhagic fever may be septic on presentation, but does not have sepsis as per the definition. The initial definition of sepsis from 1992 defined sepsis as ‘‘a clinical response arising from infection’’ without clearly defining ‘infection’ (whether it meant bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic) as ...
... haemorrhagic fever may be septic on presentation, but does not have sepsis as per the definition. The initial definition of sepsis from 1992 defined sepsis as ‘‘a clinical response arising from infection’’ without clearly defining ‘infection’ (whether it meant bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic) as ...
Meningococcal disease
Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also termed meningococcus). It carries a high mortality rate if untreated but is a vaccine-preventable disease. While best known as a cause of meningitis, widespread blood infection can result in sepsis, which is a more damaging and dangerous condition. Meningitis and meningococcemia are major causes of illness, death, and disability in both developed and under-developed countries.There are approximately 2,600 cases of bacterial meningitis per year in the United States, and on average 333,000 cases in developing countries. The case fatality rate ranges between 10 and 20 percent. The incidence of endemic meningococcal disease during the last 13 years ranges from 1 to 5 per 100,000 in developed countries, and from 10 to 25 per 100,000 in developing countries. During epidemics the incidence of meningococcal disease approaches 100 per 100,000. Meningococcal vaccines have sharply reduced the incidence of the disease in developed countries.The disease's pathogenesis is not fully understood. The pathogen colonises a large number of the general population harmlessly, but in some very small percentage of individuals it can invade the blood stream, and the entire body but notably limbs and brain, causing serious illness. Over the past few years, experts have made an intensive effort to understand specific aspects of meningococcal biology and host interactions, however the development of improved treatments and effective vaccines is expected to depend on novel efforts by workers in many different fields.While meningococcal disease is not as contagious as the common cold (which is spread through casual contact), it can be transmitted through saliva and occasionally through close, prolonged general contact with an infected person.