Evaluation of a large-scale tuberculosis contact investigation in the Netherlands K. Borgen*
... infection was 114, varying from 43 for customers who visited the supermarket twice per week or more, to 4,148 for customers who visited less than once per month. In conclusion, although this patient probably transmitted Mycobacterium tuberculosis to at least 117 customers, the contact investigation ...
... infection was 114, varying from 43 for customers who visited the supermarket twice per week or more, to 4,148 for customers who visited less than once per month. In conclusion, although this patient probably transmitted Mycobacterium tuberculosis to at least 117 customers, the contact investigation ...
1. What is Measles? Measles is a highly contagious disease that is
... 3. The specimens MUST be accompanied by the Measles Case Investigation Form click link to see form:Measles Rubella case investigation form This should be completed by the health care worker submitting the specimens. 4. Specimens may be refrigerated whilst awaiting transport if there is a delay, but ...
... 3. The specimens MUST be accompanied by the Measles Case Investigation Form click link to see form:Measles Rubella case investigation form This should be completed by the health care worker submitting the specimens. 4. Specimens may be refrigerated whilst awaiting transport if there is a delay, but ...
Poliomyelitis vaccines for Australians - fact sheet
... acute illness in many survivors of paralytic polio. The prevalence of PPS has been reported to range from 15% to 80% of all people with previous paralytic polio. Diagnosis of PPS is based on clinical signs and symptoms that include muscle weakness or decreased muscle endurance, with or without muscl ...
... acute illness in many survivors of paralytic polio. The prevalence of PPS has been reported to range from 15% to 80% of all people with previous paralytic polio. Diagnosis of PPS is based on clinical signs and symptoms that include muscle weakness or decreased muscle endurance, with or without muscl ...
Chickenpox - Children`s Hospital of Philadelphia
... the head and spreads to the rest of the body, and itching. A typical person will have 300 to 500 blisters which appear in phases, so that not all blisters are at the same stage. Complications from chickenpox are more likely in teens, adults, infants younger than 1 year old, newborns whose mom develo ...
... the head and spreads to the rest of the body, and itching. A typical person will have 300 to 500 blisters which appear in phases, so that not all blisters are at the same stage. Complications from chickenpox are more likely in teens, adults, infants younger than 1 year old, newborns whose mom develo ...
Myths and Realities - Immunise Australia Program
... developments in medicine of the past 150 years, alongside sanitation, antibiotics and anaesthesia. However, vaccination currently saves an estimated three million lives per year throughout the world and so topped the list in terms of lives saved, making it one of the most cost-effective health inter ...
... developments in medicine of the past 150 years, alongside sanitation, antibiotics and anaesthesia. However, vaccination currently saves an estimated three million lives per year throughout the world and so topped the list in terms of lives saved, making it one of the most cost-effective health inter ...
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Recommendations for
... studies could miss very rare events. There is no evidence of occupational transmission of CJD to health care workers. Although cases of CJD have been reported in ∼24 health care workers, this incidence does not exceed what would be expected by chance alone [5]. In the context of occupational exposur ...
... studies could miss very rare events. There is no evidence of occupational transmission of CJD to health care workers. Although cases of CJD have been reported in ∼24 health care workers, this incidence does not exceed what would be expected by chance alone [5]. In the context of occupational exposur ...
Exhibit N. a general information booklet on vaccine safety for parents titled VACCINE SAFETY AND YOUR CHILD, Separating Fact from Fiction , an excerpt from the book Vaccines and Your Child. (PDF: 2.20MB/34 pages)
... where the amount prescribed is often determined by weight or age. Indeed, some vaccine dosages given to children and adults aren’t the same. For example, the influenza and hepatitis B vaccines given to children contain lower quantities of vaccine than those given to adults. Sometimes the opposite is ...
... where the amount prescribed is often determined by weight or age. Indeed, some vaccine dosages given to children and adults aren’t the same. For example, the influenza and hepatitis B vaccines given to children contain lower quantities of vaccine than those given to adults. Sometimes the opposite is ...
PDF - Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
... of bovine prions demonstrate the urgent need for Tg mice that are highly susceptible to bovine prions. Histological examination of the brain is also very helpful in diagnosis, but some animals in early stages of infection have few or no spongiform changes. In addition, BSE can be detected by transmi ...
... of bovine prions demonstrate the urgent need for Tg mice that are highly susceptible to bovine prions. Histological examination of the brain is also very helpful in diagnosis, but some animals in early stages of infection have few or no spongiform changes. In addition, BSE can be detected by transmi ...
secondary syphilis
... intercourse with an infected person, a primary lesion, an ulcer known as the chancre, develops at the site of infection usually on the external genetalia but also lips and anorectal region. Within hours, the T. pallidum pass to regional lymph nodes and gain access to systemic circulations. Thereafte ...
... intercourse with an infected person, a primary lesion, an ulcer known as the chancre, develops at the site of infection usually on the external genetalia but also lips and anorectal region. Within hours, the T. pallidum pass to regional lymph nodes and gain access to systemic circulations. Thereafte ...
Management of Infectious Disease in Schools
... Many infectious diseases are most transmissible as or just before symptoms develop. It is important therefore that pupils and staff who are ill when they come to school, or who develop symptoms during the school day, should be sent home. Whenever possible, ill pupils should be removed from the class ...
... Many infectious diseases are most transmissible as or just before symptoms develop. It is important therefore that pupils and staff who are ill when they come to school, or who develop symptoms during the school day, should be sent home. Whenever possible, ill pupils should be removed from the class ...
Effective Retrieval of Lyme Disease Information on the Web
... category, as follows: professional organization or society; public health agency; patient education by private organization or hospital; pharmaceutical company, commercial laboratory, or consumer products manufacturer; or journal, book, or other literature compilation. An abbreviated name for each c ...
... category, as follows: professional organization or society; public health agency; patient education by private organization or hospital; pharmaceutical company, commercial laboratory, or consumer products manufacturer; or journal, book, or other literature compilation. An abbreviated name for each c ...
Feline herpesvirus infection (2012 edition) What’s new?
... During their first weeks of life, kittens are protected against infectious disease by MDA, but in FHV infection, antibody levels are generally low. They may persist for 10 weeks (Johnson and Povey, 1985), but may have vanished already at 6 weeks of age (in about 25% of kittens; Dawson et al., 2001). ...
... During their first weeks of life, kittens are protected against infectious disease by MDA, but in FHV infection, antibody levels are generally low. They may persist for 10 weeks (Johnson and Povey, 1985), but may have vanished already at 6 weeks of age (in about 25% of kittens; Dawson et al., 2001). ...
Document
... welfare. Furthermore, there is no technique allowing to measure the specific immune response in the target species. However, this is not detrimental to the demonstration of efficacy for the following reasons: -The challenge results on laboratory animals is the best reliable practice to ensure adequa ...
... welfare. Furthermore, there is no technique allowing to measure the specific immune response in the target species. However, this is not detrimental to the demonstration of efficacy for the following reasons: -The challenge results on laboratory animals is the best reliable practice to ensure adequa ...
1/5 THE ROLE OF Histophilus somni IN BOVINE
... Denmark, personal communication). As well as participating in the cause of BRD, H. somni causes also meningoencephalitis, septicaemia, myocarditis and polyarthritis. It is the most important pathogen associated with myocarditis in fattening calves. Exposure to H. somni is widespread and up to 25% of ...
... Denmark, personal communication). As well as participating in the cause of BRD, H. somni causes also meningoencephalitis, septicaemia, myocarditis and polyarthritis. It is the most important pathogen associated with myocarditis in fattening calves. Exposure to H. somni is widespread and up to 25% of ...
3. vaccine efficacy - Academy of Medicine of Malaysia
... coverage for Malaysia was 99.97% for BCG, 95.3% for DPT (third dose), 95.4% for OPV (third dose), 88.4% for measles and 93.5% for hepatitis B (third dose) in 2000 (Ministry of Health Malaysia, 2002, level 1). The new recommended immunisation schedule is as illustrated in Table 2 ...
... coverage for Malaysia was 99.97% for BCG, 95.3% for DPT (third dose), 95.4% for OPV (third dose), 88.4% for measles and 93.5% for hepatitis B (third dose) in 2000 (Ministry of Health Malaysia, 2002, level 1). The new recommended immunisation schedule is as illustrated in Table 2 ...
Central Nervous System Infections
... Immunocompromised is defined as HIV or AIDS, receipt of immunosuppressive therapy, or after transplantation. In patients with HIV infection, non-bacterial causes of meningitis must be considered, particularly cryptococcal meningitis. *Use of Dexamethasone ● Addition of dexamethasone is recommended i ...
... Immunocompromised is defined as HIV or AIDS, receipt of immunosuppressive therapy, or after transplantation. In patients with HIV infection, non-bacterial causes of meningitis must be considered, particularly cryptococcal meningitis. *Use of Dexamethasone ● Addition of dexamethasone is recommended i ...
presentation source
... Construct a table of the virulence factors associated with ??? and the biological activity of each Use a series of no more than four diagrams to describe the mechanism of ??? activity ...
... Construct a table of the virulence factors associated with ??? and the biological activity of each Use a series of no more than four diagrams to describe the mechanism of ??? activity ...
HEALTH PROTECTION TEAM DIRECTORATE OF PUBLIC HEALTH
... • Thorough hand washing with liquid soap followed by drying with paper towels • Maintaining a clean environment including dealing with spillages of body fluids immediately • Appropriate use of protective clothing e.g. disposable gloves and aprons • Appropriate management of soiled linen, sharps and ...
... • Thorough hand washing with liquid soap followed by drying with paper towels • Maintaining a clean environment including dealing with spillages of body fluids immediately • Appropriate use of protective clothing e.g. disposable gloves and aprons • Appropriate management of soiled linen, sharps and ...
A 21st Century Approach to Fever in Infants and Young Children
... – Discuss the bacteriology of serious infections in children less than three months of age. – Discuss the bacteriology of bacteremia in children 3 – 36 months of age. – Discuss an approach to management of febrile infants less than 3 months of age. – Discuss an approach to children 3 – 36 months of ...
... – Discuss the bacteriology of serious infections in children less than three months of age. – Discuss the bacteriology of bacteremia in children 3 – 36 months of age. – Discuss an approach to management of febrile infants less than 3 months of age. – Discuss an approach to children 3 – 36 months of ...
Management of Infectious Disease in Schools
... Many infectious diseases are most transmissible as or just before symptoms develop. It is important therefore that pupils and staff who are ill when they come to school, or who develop symptoms during the school day, should be sent home. Whenever possible, ill pupils should be removed from the class ...
... Many infectious diseases are most transmissible as or just before symptoms develop. It is important therefore that pupils and staff who are ill when they come to school, or who develop symptoms during the school day, should be sent home. Whenever possible, ill pupils should be removed from the class ...
Epidemiology of Measles
... route via aerosol droplets and respiratory secretions which can remain infectious for several hours. The infection is acquired through the upper respiratory tract or conjunctiva ...
... route via aerosol droplets and respiratory secretions which can remain infectious for several hours. The infection is acquired through the upper respiratory tract or conjunctiva ...
Is Alzheimer`s Disease Infectious?
... characterized by vacuolization of the neuropil [6]. There is minimal immune pathology in TSE-affected brains, with microglial proliferation indicative of an inflammatory component [22]. AIMS Neuroscience ...
... characterized by vacuolization of the neuropil [6]. There is minimal immune pathology in TSE-affected brains, with microglial proliferation indicative of an inflammatory component [22]. AIMS Neuroscience ...
Smallpox Infection Control
... prodromal phase were generally not considered infectious. However, variola virus is now known to be shed from oral lesions during the 1-2 days of fever preceding rash onset. ...
... prodromal phase were generally not considered infectious. However, variola virus is now known to be shed from oral lesions during the 1-2 days of fever preceding rash onset. ...
Infection prevention in points of dispensing
... fluids are always considered to potentially infectious and that precautions are taken to prevent the worker from being exposed to microorganisms in these fluids. This involves the use of PPE for greeters (ie, those who conduct initial triage/screening of POD visitors), medical evaluation staff (ie, ...
... fluids are always considered to potentially infectious and that precautions are taken to prevent the worker from being exposed to microorganisms in these fluids. This involves the use of PPE for greeters (ie, those who conduct initial triage/screening of POD visitors), medical evaluation staff (ie, ...
2009 Annual Summary of Reportable Infectious Diseases for Cuyahoga County, Ohio
... The “median” and “mean” presented in Tables 1 through 5 represent the annual median and mean case counts and rates across the 2004-2008 timeframe. This five year timeframe was selected to help establish a baseline (e.g. endemic level) so comparisons can be made with the 2009 data. Additionally, this ...
... The “median” and “mean” presented in Tables 1 through 5 represent the annual median and mean case counts and rates across the 2004-2008 timeframe. This five year timeframe was selected to help establish a baseline (e.g. endemic level) so comparisons can be made with the 2009 data. Additionally, this ...
Meningococcal disease
Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also termed meningococcus). It carries a high mortality rate if untreated but is a vaccine-preventable disease. While best known as a cause of meningitis, widespread blood infection can result in sepsis, which is a more damaging and dangerous condition. Meningitis and meningococcemia are major causes of illness, death, and disability in both developed and under-developed countries.There are approximately 2,600 cases of bacterial meningitis per year in the United States, and on average 333,000 cases in developing countries. The case fatality rate ranges between 10 and 20 percent. The incidence of endemic meningococcal disease during the last 13 years ranges from 1 to 5 per 100,000 in developed countries, and from 10 to 25 per 100,000 in developing countries. During epidemics the incidence of meningococcal disease approaches 100 per 100,000. Meningococcal vaccines have sharply reduced the incidence of the disease in developed countries.The disease's pathogenesis is not fully understood. The pathogen colonises a large number of the general population harmlessly, but in some very small percentage of individuals it can invade the blood stream, and the entire body but notably limbs and brain, causing serious illness. Over the past few years, experts have made an intensive effort to understand specific aspects of meningococcal biology and host interactions, however the development of improved treatments and effective vaccines is expected to depend on novel efforts by workers in many different fields.While meningococcal disease is not as contagious as the common cold (which is spread through casual contact), it can be transmitted through saliva and occasionally through close, prolonged general contact with an infected person.