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Hepatic Impairment Induced by Scrub Typhus is Associated with
Hepatic Impairment Induced by Scrub Typhus is Associated with

... the prognostic implications of hepatic impairment in patients with scrub typhus. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 143 adult patients with scrub typhus who were admitted between January 1999 and December 2010 in Guangdong province, China. The patients were divided into three groups, e. ...
dr. Ni Made adi Tarini, Sp.MK
dr. Ni Made adi Tarini, Sp.MK

... University, the discipline-based subjects of the previous curriculum such as Biology, Anatomy, Physiology, Internal Medicine, etc have been integrated and incorporated into several blocks. One of these blocks is Infections and Infectious Diseases. In this block will be explained in general about pat ...
D. Carleton Gajdusek - Nobel Lecture
D. Carleton Gajdusek - Nobel Lecture

... and probably RSSE virus (Table 2). However, unlike these “conventional” viruses the “unconventional” viruses of the spongiform encephalopathies have unusual resistance to ultraviolet radiation and to ionizing radiation (45), to ultrasonication, to heat, proteases and nucleases, and to formaldehyde, ...
UNCONVENTIONAL VIRUSES AND THE ORIGIN AND DISAPPEARANCE OF KURU
UNCONVENTIONAL VIRUSES AND THE ORIGIN AND DISAPPEARANCE OF KURU

... and probably RSSE virus (Table 2). However, unlike these “conventional” viruses the “unconventional” viruses of the spongiform encephalopathies have unusual resistance to ultraviolet radiation and to ionizing radiation (45), to ultrasonication, to heat, proteases and nucleases, and to formaldehyde, ...
Asthma
Asthma

... dysfunction), to a physician with expertise in asthma. They include allergists, ear, nose and throat physicians, cardiologists and pulmonologists trained in providing care for athletes. o Consider providing alternative practice sites for athletes with asthma. Indoor practice facilities that offer go ...
UTI - the CVC
UTI - the CVC

... Catheterization and endoscopy of the urinary tract always carries a risk of inducing a bacterial urinary tract infection o Magnitude of risk increases with degree of pre-existing urinary tract disease, amount of any additional injury caused by the procedure, and duration of the procedure o Risks can ...
A low-pathogenic variant of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV
A low-pathogenic variant of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV

... RT-PCR. Sequence analysis revealed the putative low-pathogenic ISAV-HPR0 subtype in all cases. Results demonstrated that ISAV-HPR0 appeared as a seasonal and transient infection without detectable ISA mortality or pathology. This finding, coupled to an apparent gill tropism of ISAV-HPR0, suggests IS ...
Can you catch Ebola from a stork bite? Inductive reasoning
Can you catch Ebola from a stork bite? Inductive reasoning

... for preventing disease outbreaks before they start [6,7]. Cognitive psychology has the potential to inform research on human-animal interactions, but has been mostly absent from One Health. The present work aims to bridge this gap by examining cognitive principles that influence zoonosis risk percep ...
Can you catch Ebola from a stork bite? Inductive reasoning
Can you catch Ebola from a stork bite? Inductive reasoning

... for preventing disease outbreaks before they start [6,7]. Cognitive psychology has the potential to inform research on human-animal interactions, but has been mostly absent from One Health. The present work aims to bridge this gap by examining cognitive principles that influence zoonosis risk percep ...
Disease of Aquatic Organisms 86:143
Disease of Aquatic Organisms 86:143

... development (Mougin et al. 2001, Antonsson & Hansson 2002). The high prevalence of genital papillomas in P. spinipinnis may point to immune depression in this population. This would be consistent with results of a recent epidemiological study covering 17 cetacean species where the highest prevalence ...
History of Different Therapeutics of Venereal Disease Before the
History of Different Therapeutics of Venereal Disease Before the

... History of Different Therapeutics of Venereal Disease Before the Discovery of Penicillin ...
?Have you ever wondered about how the human body works? The
?Have you ever wondered about how the human body works? The

... The immune system is responsible for protecting us against foreign organisms that do get past the initial line of defense and it is made up of special cells, tissues, and organs that work together to kill foreign invaders. The thymus, spleen, and bone marrow are called lymphoid organs and special in ...
JE3216281633
JE3216281633

... If the distance between the agents is less than 30cm (10 pixels) then the contact is considered as close contact. If the distance is between 30 and 60 cm (10 and 20 pixels) then the contact is considered as casual contact. If the distance between the agents is greater than 60cm (20 pixels) then the ...
Kristina Narfstrom, DVM, PhD, DipECVO
Kristina Narfstrom, DVM, PhD, DipECVO

... opacities that represent inflammatory cells accumulating around the blood vessels (cuffing), whereas infiltrates elsewhere are seen as indistinct areas of a grayish or brownish discoloration in the tapetal fundus and grayish to white lesions in the nontapetal area. An increase in the severity of the ...
Mechanisms of disease
Mechanisms of disease

... The predictions of simple disease models also depend critically on the assumption of density-dependent transmission (McCallum et al. 2001), which is intimately linked with the assumption of spatially homogeneous mixing. The simplest departure from density-dependent transmission is frequency-dependen ...
CCDR: Volume 41-8, August 6, 2015: Protein misfolding disorders
CCDR: Volume 41-8, August 6, 2015: Protein misfolding disorders

... the absence of a discernible genetic or infectious cause. Sporadic CJD appears to occur endemically in all populations with an average mortality rate of one to two per million per year, and generally constitutes 85% to 95% of all CJD cases identified through epidemiologic surveillance (5). Genetical ...
Diagnosis of Lymph Node TB
Diagnosis of Lymph Node TB

... Unknown extra-pulmonary Intra-thoracic lymph nodes Pleural Other extra-pulmonary Gastrointestinal Bone – spine Bone – other ...
Exhibit - Reporting and Exclusion Requirements for Common
Exhibit - Reporting and Exclusion Requirements for Common

... provides some protection against disease and significant protection against a fatal outcome. Any person with significant exposure to a person with probable or confirmed smallpox during the infectious stage of illness requires immunization as soon after exposure as possible, but within the first 4 da ...
Acquired immunity and asymptomatic reservoir impact on frontline
Acquired immunity and asymptomatic reservoir impact on frontline

... researchers forecast that mobile internet use in Africa will increase 20-fold in the next five years, and will consequently double the growth rate in rest of the world, and could be of potential use for individual or community-based surveillance. (2)Prodromal surveillance of flu or febrile like dise ...
The basic reproductive number of Ebola and the effects
The basic reproductive number of Ebola and the effects

... Kwilu River. The first case (January 6) involved a 42year old male charcoal worker and farmer who died on January 13. The Ebola virus was not identified as the causative agent until May 9: At that time, an international team implemented a control plan that involved active surveillance (identification o ...
2013 European Guideline on the management of proctitis
2013 European Guideline on the management of proctitis

... XDR-Ng, culture of N. gonorrhoeae for surveillance purposes becomes increasingly important.18 Material for culture for N. gonorrhoeae should be obtained either by the passage of a swab through the anal canal into the distal rectum or under direct vision via an proctoscope19 (level III, grade C). Dir ...
Tuberculosis Infection Control Guidelines
Tuberculosis Infection Control Guidelines

... Namibia reports one of the world’s highest incidence rates of tuberculosis (TB) and has a case notification rate (CNR) of 722 per 100,000 in 2007. Like the rest of Southern Africa the country is also faced with a generalized HIV epidemic, with an antenatal seroprevalence rate of 17.8% in 2008. First ...
viral hepatitis in health service workers in the province of wielkopolska
viral hepatitis in health service workers in the province of wielkopolska

... problems. In the coming years a dominant role will have to be played by more restricted rules, following the preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of blood-borne infectious diseases among health care workers. These rules should be implemented through dealing with every patient not only ...
A novel coronavirus capable of lethal human infections: an
A novel coronavirus capable of lethal human infections: an

... Both of these cases were family members of case 10 and neither had any recent travel history. They appear to have contracted the infection from their relative [30]. Case 11 was admitted to hospital on 9th February after a short history of respiratory symptoms. The patient had pre-existing medical co ...
- Ex Student Archive
- Ex Student Archive

... predominant role. According to Sainsbury (1992), tropical countries have more problems with infectious diseases due to the climatic circumstances. It is harder to keep food and water free from bacteria and other pathogens, even for human consumption. Also it is difficult to keep buildings free from ...
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Leptospirosis



Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.
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