Cryoglobulinemia
... • Several retrospective studies suggest that the incidence is 0.6-6.1 cases per million population in the United States ...
... • Several retrospective studies suggest that the incidence is 0.6-6.1 cases per million population in the United States ...
ENDEMIC MODELS WITH ARBITRARILY
... assume a constant per capita mortality rate due to infection-unrelated causes, and do not consider vaccination or vertical transmission. We offer three equivalent model formulations all of which have their advantages and will be used in the analysis. Our first formulation combines the stage-age concep ...
... assume a constant per capita mortality rate due to infection-unrelated causes, and do not consider vaccination or vertical transmission. We offer three equivalent model formulations all of which have their advantages and will be used in the analysis. Our first formulation combines the stage-age concep ...
Exclusion of Enteric Cases and their Contacts from High Risk Settings
... high risk setting leads to transmission of infection, cases and, in some instances, contacts of cases with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, hepatitis A, Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi and Shigella and V. cholerae O1 and O139 infections should be excluded from high risk settings and microbiological clearan ...
... high risk setting leads to transmission of infection, cases and, in some instances, contacts of cases with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, hepatitis A, Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi and Shigella and V. cholerae O1 and O139 infections should be excluded from high risk settings and microbiological clearan ...
Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum) Authors Cécile Tremblay, MD
... children. Most children with erythema infectiosum have minimal or no symptoms; however, they may have a nonspecific prodrome (eg, fever, coryza, headache, nausea, diarrhea). (See "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection".) ●Scarlet fever is characterized by a rash that is d ...
... children. Most children with erythema infectiosum have minimal or no symptoms; however, they may have a nonspecific prodrome (eg, fever, coryza, headache, nausea, diarrhea). (See "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection".) ●Scarlet fever is characterized by a rash that is d ...
Antibodies to selected pathogens in wild boar () from Catalonia
... suggests that wild boars used for human consumption could represent a public health risk for persons handling or consuming raw or undercooked infected meat. Sex and age are factors that can affect seroprevalence of several diseases in wild boar. Roic et al. (2005) found that adult wild boar had a hi ...
... suggests that wild boars used for human consumption could represent a public health risk for persons handling or consuming raw or undercooked infected meat. Sex and age are factors that can affect seroprevalence of several diseases in wild boar. Roic et al. (2005) found that adult wild boar had a hi ...
Olive Leaf Extract
... "standardized % oleuropein". The principal reason is that this is not a standardized extract but rather a "whole herb extract". We use a cold‑pressed freshwater extraction method to process this product, with no solvents or alcohol. Seagate is not trying to isolate any one specific phytochemical, li ...
... "standardized % oleuropein". The principal reason is that this is not a standardized extract but rather a "whole herb extract". We use a cold‑pressed freshwater extraction method to process this product, with no solvents or alcohol. Seagate is not trying to isolate any one specific phytochemical, li ...
Epidemiology of the Plague of Athens
... Place. The origin of the epidemic cannot be determined with certainty. According to Thucydides (48.1) it was reputed to have originated in Ethiopia, spread to Egypt and Libya, and spread from there to the territory of the King of Persia [much of the Middle East]; before reaching Athens (47), "previo ...
... Place. The origin of the epidemic cannot be determined with certainty. According to Thucydides (48.1) it was reputed to have originated in Ethiopia, spread to Egypt and Libya, and spread from there to the territory of the King of Persia [much of the Middle East]; before reaching Athens (47), "previo ...
Chapter 19 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES Sexually Transmitted Diseases PAUL M. BENSON, M.D.*
... Syphilis is a venereal disease that is caused by the bacterial spirochete Treponema pallidum and is transmitted by direct contact, usually sexual intercourse. Among the STDs, syphilis has occupied a unique place in medical literature and lore since the late 15th century. Various theories attempt to ...
... Syphilis is a venereal disease that is caused by the bacterial spirochete Treponema pallidum and is transmitted by direct contact, usually sexual intercourse. Among the STDs, syphilis has occupied a unique place in medical literature and lore since the late 15th century. Various theories attempt to ...
Proctitis
... XDR-Ng, culture of N. gonorrhoeae for surveillance purposes becomes increasingly important.18 Material for culture for N. gonorrhoeae should be obtained either by the passage of a swab through the anal canal into the distal rectum or under direct vision via an proctoscope19 (level III, grade C). Dir ...
... XDR-Ng, culture of N. gonorrhoeae for surveillance purposes becomes increasingly important.18 Material for culture for N. gonorrhoeae should be obtained either by the passage of a swab through the anal canal into the distal rectum or under direct vision via an proctoscope19 (level III, grade C). Dir ...
Evolving Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus in the United States
... and Drug Administration’s approval of tests to detect antibody to hepatitis C virus in 1992. “Non-A, non-B hepatitis” was identified as a cause of chronic liver disease among transfusion recipients in studies during the 1970s in the United States [2] and abroad [3]. Since then, hepatitis C in this co ...
... and Drug Administration’s approval of tests to detect antibody to hepatitis C virus in 1992. “Non-A, non-B hepatitis” was identified as a cause of chronic liver disease among transfusion recipients in studies during the 1970s in the United States [2] and abroad [3]. Since then, hepatitis C in this co ...
Coccidiosis in Chickens - UC Cooperative Extension
... Like us, birds are more susceptible to disease if they are immunosuppressed either by disease or stress. For example, sexually immature chickens that have the immunosuppressive disease Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) are more likely to become infected after being exposed to coccidia. Likewise, intes ...
... Like us, birds are more susceptible to disease if they are immunosuppressed either by disease or stress. For example, sexually immature chickens that have the immunosuppressive disease Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) are more likely to become infected after being exposed to coccidia. Likewise, intes ...
Full Text - Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases
... significant association between human habitual abortion and these bacteria in studied areas. For this reason extended molecular epidemiology researches in other cities of Iran is strongly recommended. Antibiotic treatment of pregnant women or immunocompromised people who have eaten food contaminated ...
... significant association between human habitual abortion and these bacteria in studied areas. For this reason extended molecular epidemiology researches in other cities of Iran is strongly recommended. Antibiotic treatment of pregnant women or immunocompromised people who have eaten food contaminated ...
Hepatitis C Infection
... American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases/Infectious Diseases Society of America, with International Antiviral Society–USA. Recommendations for testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C. Available at: http://www.hcvguidelines.org/full-report-view. Accessed July 24, 2014. Centers for Dis ...
... American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases/Infectious Diseases Society of America, with International Antiviral Society–USA. Recommendations for testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C. Available at: http://www.hcvguidelines.org/full-report-view. Accessed July 24, 2014. Centers for Dis ...
H1N1 Influenza A infection
... study, 60% of patients were <18 years of age suggesting that children and young adults may be more susceptible to S-OIV infection than are elderly persons16. This observation may be due to differences in social networks resulting to a delayed transmission to older persons. In addition, it is also po ...
... study, 60% of patients were <18 years of age suggesting that children and young adults may be more susceptible to S-OIV infection than are elderly persons16. This observation may be due to differences in social networks resulting to a delayed transmission to older persons. In addition, it is also po ...
On the Quarantine Period for Ebola Virus
... may be quarantined or separated from others who have not been exposed to the disease. For example, they may be asked to remain at home to prevent further potential spread of the illness. They also receive special care and observation for any early signs of the illness.” Parenthetically, if an indivi ...
... may be quarantined or separated from others who have not been exposed to the disease. For example, they may be asked to remain at home to prevent further potential spread of the illness. They also receive special care and observation for any early signs of the illness.” Parenthetically, if an indivi ...
Francisella tularensis CDC - Laboratory Response Network (LRN)
... chronically infected animals and aerosolized particles have been documented as sources of infection. F. tularensis is one of the most infectious bacteria known and can cause severe illness and death in humans (Overholt et al., 1961; Taylor et al., 1991). Thus, it is considered an important potential ...
... chronically infected animals and aerosolized particles have been documented as sources of infection. F. tularensis is one of the most infectious bacteria known and can cause severe illness and death in humans (Overholt et al., 1961; Taylor et al., 1991). Thus, it is considered an important potential ...
chapter 3 microbiological hazards
... Foy et al. (1968) reported an outbreak of pharyngo-conjunctival fever caused by adenovirus type 3 in 1968. The infection occurred in two children’s swimming teams after exposure to unchlorinated water. The attack rates in the two teams were 65% and 67%, respectively. The main symptoms were fever, ph ...
... Foy et al. (1968) reported an outbreak of pharyngo-conjunctival fever caused by adenovirus type 3 in 1968. The infection occurred in two children’s swimming teams after exposure to unchlorinated water. The attack rates in the two teams were 65% and 67%, respectively. The main symptoms were fever, ph ...
Erythema multiforme as a result of Orf disease
... Orf is a mucocutaneous disease caused by parapoxviruses, containing double-stranded DNA. (1,2) Other names of it included sheep pox, ecthyma contagiosum contagious pustules. (3) Transmission to humans occurs by contact of nonintact skin through of contaminated saliva of sheep and goats and their ina ...
... Orf is a mucocutaneous disease caused by parapoxviruses, containing double-stranded DNA. (1,2) Other names of it included sheep pox, ecthyma contagiosum contagious pustules. (3) Transmission to humans occurs by contact of nonintact skin through of contaminated saliva of sheep and goats and their ina ...
PDF
... inventory. A single mad cow found in Alberta in 2003 cost Canada $25 million per day (New Zealand Veterinary Association, 2003). The 2003 incident of mad cow disease (BSE) in Washington State virtually stopped all exports of U.S. beef, and the United States has since then lost approximately $3—5 bil ...
... inventory. A single mad cow found in Alberta in 2003 cost Canada $25 million per day (New Zealand Veterinary Association, 2003). The 2003 incident of mad cow disease (BSE) in Washington State virtually stopped all exports of U.S. beef, and the United States has since then lost approximately $3—5 bil ...
(BSE) and Vaccines
... BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) is a disease of cattle which is commonly known as Mad Cow disease. BSE belongs to a group of diseases called TSEs (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies). BSE was recognised for the first time in 1986 in the UK. A similar disease in sheep, called scrapie, h ...
... BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) is a disease of cattle which is commonly known as Mad Cow disease. BSE belongs to a group of diseases called TSEs (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies). BSE was recognised for the first time in 1986 in the UK. A similar disease in sheep, called scrapie, h ...
Eradication of Transboundary Animal Diseases: Can the Rinderpest Success Story... Repeated? G. R. Thomson , G. T. Fosgate
... The eradication of rinderpest prompted interest in eradicating other transboundary animal diseases (TADs) and towards the end of the rinderpest eradication campaign contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was under consideration as the next-most serious disease affecting cattle in Africa (Windsor 2 ...
... The eradication of rinderpest prompted interest in eradicating other transboundary animal diseases (TADs) and towards the end of the rinderpest eradication campaign contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was under consideration as the next-most serious disease affecting cattle in Africa (Windsor 2 ...
Primary and Secondary Syphilis — Rates of Reported Cases by
... • Nonspecific nontreponemal tests or NTA (INDIRECT MEASURE) • Test for biomarkers that are released during cellular damage from the syphilis spirochete • RPR, VDRL • During early & late syphilis may be negative • False Positives ...
... • Nonspecific nontreponemal tests or NTA (INDIRECT MEASURE) • Test for biomarkers that are released during cellular damage from the syphilis spirochete • RPR, VDRL • During early & late syphilis may be negative • False Positives ...
Measuring contact patterns with wearable sensors: methods, data
... patterns? On the one hand, data summaries that are too corase might disregard important properties; on the other hand, representations that are too fine might be too specific, and the integration of highly detailed data may yield models that are less transparent and lead to results that are less gen ...
... patterns? On the one hand, data summaries that are too corase might disregard important properties; on the other hand, representations that are too fine might be too specific, and the integration of highly detailed data may yield models that are less transparent and lead to results that are less gen ...
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.