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Data Reliability
Data Reliability

...  Use of co-variates to strengthen estimates when data are scanty  Identify major data gaps that could be improved over time  Work with many hundreds of collaborators across the states of India ...
A1.4.3.Epidemiologist - Life Science Academy
A1.4.3.Epidemiologist - Life Science Academy

... without the disease (called controls). Cases and controls are carefully matched on all criteria other than the one being studied. For example, cases and controls should be matched for age, gender or for underlying medical conditions. These individuals can then be surveyed about their exposure to th ...
Joe Burrascano, Jr. MD
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Ebola Virus Disease - American Academy of Ophthalmology
Ebola Virus Disease - American Academy of Ophthalmology

... Course of Disease Patients with Ebola generally have an abrupt onset of fever and symptoms that typically occurs 8 to 12 days after exposure, but can range from 2 to 21 days after exposure. Early signs and symptoms are nonspecific and can include fever, chills, myalgias, and malaise. Patients can th ...
HOW OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
HOW OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTIONS

... If a cold or flu virus gets past the first set of defences (such as the skin and mucous membranes) and infects your body, your immune system is stimulated to produce specific immune system cells (B cells and T cells) that can effectively fight the particular virus that has infected your body. This r ...
Chlamydia and Chlamydophila species1.14 MB
Chlamydia and Chlamydophila species1.14 MB

... • If untreated the infection usually resolves, but a substantial proportion of these infants develop chlamydial pneumonia about 6 weeks after birth ...
Vertebral osteomyelitis - UCSF | Department of Medicine
Vertebral osteomyelitis - UCSF | Department of Medicine

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Case Study- Germ Theory

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Leishmaniasis - Cinciripini`s Neapolitan Mastiffs
Leishmaniasis - Cinciripini`s Neapolitan Mastiffs

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... Better syphilis infection detection for better patient care and disease prevention yphilis, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum sub spp pallidum, is an infection recognized since antiquity. It was first reported in Italy at the end of 15th century.1 Infections may be sexually transmitted as w ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... • Is the most common bloodborne pathogen • Is a virus that causes infection and inflammation of the liver • Is transmitted primarily through “blood to blood” contact • Can lead to serious conditions such as cirrhosis and liver cancer • Can survive in dried blood for up to seven days ...
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... hundreds of scientists, doctors and technical experts from around the world to launch the Scientific  Declaration on Polio Eradication on 11 April 2013. Today, the world is closer than ever to eradicating  polio, with just 223 cases in five countries last year. To capitalize on this time‐limited opp ...
SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY
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... including making PEP recommendations for antibiotic therapy, vaccination or both. *High risk close contacts for PEP are infants <1 year old, 3rd trimester pregnant women, and persons who may expose them, including health care workers. *Clinicians may be asked to provide PEP and/or vaccinations to hi ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... Resources office will be sent a notice that you have completed the quiz. If you have also completed the employee right to know training and quiz, your supervisor will be notified that you have been approved to begin work. Contact the Human Resources office ([email protected]) with questions about this quiz ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... Resources office will be sent a notice that you have completed the quiz. If you have also completed the employee right to know training and quiz, your supervisor will be notified that you have been approved to begin work. Contact the Human Resources office ([email protected]) with questions about this quiz ...
Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Masquerading as Metastatic
Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Masquerading as Metastatic

... dissection that proceeded uneventfully. During her surgery she had extensive lymphadenopathy that resulted in a type III comprehensive neck dissection encompassing submandibular gland and lymph nodes level I to VI. Pathology showed papillary carcinoma of thyroid with one positive lymph node and rema ...
A communicable disease is one that is spread from one person to
A communicable disease is one that is spread from one person to

... Respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing (head cold, influenza, pneumonia, tuberculous). ...
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Leptospirosis



Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.
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