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Equine Viral Diseases
Equine Viral Diseases

...  Vaccination –95% control rate  WNV Antibody for horses already infected (from Novartis Animal Vaccines, Inc.) ...
Slide Title - WordPress.com
Slide Title - WordPress.com

... and low-grad fever may occur several days prior to salivary gland swelling Adults have a higher risk for complications Aseptic meningitis-headache and stiff neck Severe complications are rare but can include: arthritis, ...
Management & Prophylaxis of Cardio
Management & Prophylaxis of Cardio

... aeruginosa in the prophylaxis group,after three years. However, as the duration of the studies reviewed has been oft hree years or less, conclusions cannot be drawn about the long term effects of prophylaxis on acquisition of P. aeruginosa and survival. REVIEWER'SCONCLUSIONS: Anti-staphylococcal ant ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... It is estimated that 1 out of 250 people in the United States are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. Even more alarming, about 1 out of 20 are infected with HBV, the hepatitis B virus. The CDC reports an estimated 2.7 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis C. HIV ...
please click here to the original powerpoint file
please click here to the original powerpoint file

... virus that causes hepatitis C incubation period 6 to 9 weeks most persons are infectious for life leads to chronic liver disease, liver cancer all are susceptible Symptoms, if present, include fever, muscle ache, fatigue, jaundice ...
Handwashing - Advocate Health Care
Handwashing - Advocate Health Care

... Viral infection; can develop into chronic state; affects the liver Incubation 4 - 25 weeks Transmitted by direct contact with blood or body fluids Complaints start as flu-like symptoms ...
Paragonimus spp
Paragonimus spp

... flukes are invading the host and migrating to the site of infection and further development. The acute phase of paragonimiasis can be characterized by diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, cough, urticaria (hives), enlargement of the spleen and liver, pulmonary abnormalities, eosinophilia, and elevated t ...
Newsletter - NHS Grampian
Newsletter - NHS Grampian

... and a history of probable exposure to ticks - common among forest walkers, forestry workers, farmers and gamekeepers. Laboratory testing is helpful in the later stages where confirmation of the disease is by demonstration of elevated IgM antibody. Most cases of Lyme Disease can be treated ...
Coxsackie Virus: The Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease
Coxsackie Virus: The Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease

... Coxsackie virus is an RNA virus, belongs to the family of Picornaviridae and genus enterovirus. The viruses are transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route and the respiratory droplets. Coxsackie viruses are of two types group A and group B viruses [1]. Group A coxsackie viruses are associated wi ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... protecting yourself is by using a hand sanitizer or by vigorous handwashing with warm soap and water. An HBV vaccination is one of the best ways to protect yourself from Hepatitis B. ...
infection prevention and control - new employee orientation
infection prevention and control - new employee orientation

... All PPE (gowns, gloves, masks, shoe covers) must be removed immediately before leaving the patient treatment area, including: ...
hand hygiene fun facts
hand hygiene fun facts

... found on your hands is termed “Transient Flora”. This layer is potentially the most dangerous for transmitting disease from one person to another. Fortunately, it is easily eliminated by hand washing. The deeper layer is called “Resident Flora”. This bacteria, found in deeper layers of skin cells, i ...
Wildlife diseases in South Africa: a review
Wildlife diseases in South Africa: a review

... in the maintaining and cycling of rinderpest, which may then become endemic, especially if a milder strain of disease is involved (37). Rinderpest appears to be primarily a disease of cattle, which spills over into adjoining wild ungulate populations. But it can also cycle for a period in wild ungul ...
Taxonomy Micro
Taxonomy Micro

managing and treating common diseases of backyard
managing and treating common diseases of backyard

... Damage to the respiratory tract can occur through disease challenge or environmental insult. Environmental effects can relate to poor ventilation, high levels of dust and ammonia. This may result in low-grade conjunctivitis or severe keratitis in severe cases. Treatment should be aimed at removing t ...
P4016, Top ten reasons to protect your child by vaccinating
P4016, Top ten reasons to protect your child by vaccinating

... Organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention all strongly support protecting children with recommended vaccinations. ...
STREP OR PANDAS?
STREP OR PANDAS?

... psychiatric symptoms as well as motor and vocal tics, and headaches. Often, serum levels of ASO titer, AntiDNase B titer are elevated. The blood level (number) of strep antibodies can help guide treatment protocols. A throat culture may or may not be positive for strep, and does not facilitate the c ...
Venereal Disease By Dr. Nazih Wayes Zaid
Venereal Disease By Dr. Nazih Wayes Zaid

... and cattle can be infected by several servers that have specific effects upon the genital system, causing fetal death, abortion, stillbirth and weakly live calves. The spirochaete was isolated from the vagina in 21.7%, the ovary and tubular genital tract in 57% and the urinary system in 62% of the a ...
biological agents
biological agents

... Ricin: Natural toxin derived from castor beans. Spread: By inhalation, ingestion or injection. Effects: When inhaled, ricin breaks down lung tissue and can kill within 36 - 72 hours. It can also be fatal when ingested or injected, with death usually occurring at least 3 days after exposure. Symptoms ...
E. Coli
E. Coli

... It is estimated that some ~74,000 Salmonella infections annually in the US result from exposure to reptiles and amphibians5 Wild and domestic animals may be colonized with Salmonella and show no signs of illness or infection. Contact with these animals increases the risk of infection. Breast feeding ...
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

... HPV infection is one of the most common types of STIs. Some forms put women at high risk of cervical cancer. Other forms cause genital warts. HPV usually has no signs or symptoms. The signs and symptoms of genital warts include: Small, flesh­colored or gray swellings in your genital area Several war ...
The SIR Model - School of Geography
The SIR Model - School of Geography

... could potentially hide small populations of unimmunised asymptomatic carriers (animals that carry the disease but without any ill effects), which could then be sold on the international market causing epidemics elsewhere. During an epidemic, the options for immunisation are reduced because it is dif ...
Bloodborne Pathogens - Morrison Public Schools
Bloodborne Pathogens - Morrison Public Schools

... LIVER. Symptoms include loss of appetite, dark urine, fatigue, and sometimes fever. The liver may become enlarged and JAUNDICE may occur, giving the skin a yellow tinge. Hepatitis may be acute or chronic. The acute form can subside after about two months or, rarely, can result in liver failure. Chro ...
neuropath-for-psy-d-disorders
neuropath-for-psy-d-disorders

... Headache, vomiting, visual disturbances common Epilepsy - unusual ...
Hypothesis of Disease Causation - Wk 1-2
Hypothesis of Disease Causation - Wk 1-2

... causation, outlining the minimal conditions needed to establish a causal relationship between two items. Although developed for use in the field of occupational medicine (ie does factor A cause disorder B), these criteria can be used in most situations. The nine factors to consider include; 1. Stren ...
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Leptospirosis



Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.
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