to get the file
... visual-spatial sketch pad coordinated by a central executive. The loop stores and rehearses verbal representations whereas the sketch pad does the same for visual/spatial representations. Central executive focuses and switches attention, supervises and coordinates the storage components, and retriev ...
... visual-spatial sketch pad coordinated by a central executive. The loop stores and rehearses verbal representations whereas the sketch pad does the same for visual/spatial representations. Central executive focuses and switches attention, supervises and coordinates the storage components, and retriev ...
Cortical EEG correlates of successful memory encoding
... Henson, 2001; Lee et al., 2000; Nolde et al., 1998) converge on the notion that PFC involvement during memory encoding reflects more general executive and working memory processes. Such views are in line with the observation that patients with frontal lobe lesions show severe deficits on tests tappi ...
... Henson, 2001; Lee et al., 2000; Nolde et al., 1998) converge on the notion that PFC involvement during memory encoding reflects more general executive and working memory processes. Such views are in line with the observation that patients with frontal lobe lesions show severe deficits on tests tappi ...
Superior Parietal Cortex Is Critical for the Manipulation of
... Spatial Span Backward (Wechsler, 1997a) is the same as Spatial Span Forward, except the subject attempts to repeat the sequence in reverse order. In Letter-Number Sequencing (Wechsler, 1997a), the subject hears a sequence of alternating digits and letters and attempts to repeat the digits and letter ...
... Spatial Span Backward (Wechsler, 1997a) is the same as Spatial Span Forward, except the subject attempts to repeat the sequence in reverse order. In Letter-Number Sequencing (Wechsler, 1997a), the subject hears a sequence of alternating digits and letters and attempts to repeat the digits and letter ...
Neural changes underlying the development of
... were presented (Fig. 1). In some tasks, it is possible to assess the contribution of episodic recollection to performance, by either asking to participants to characterize their subjective memory experience as recollection or familiarity (Billingsley et al., 2002; Piolino et al., 2007) or by using e ...
... were presented (Fig. 1). In some tasks, it is possible to assess the contribution of episodic recollection to performance, by either asking to participants to characterize their subjective memory experience as recollection or familiarity (Billingsley et al., 2002; Piolino et al., 2007) or by using e ...
The role of attention in binding visual features in working memory
... et al. (2008) noted that the possibility of specific age-related binding deficits between features in visual working memory cannot yet be completely discounted, because they may exist under certain circumstances. In this paper we consider whether age-related binding deficits emerge under conditions ...
... et al. (2008) noted that the possibility of specific age-related binding deficits between features in visual working memory cannot yet be completely discounted, because they may exist under certain circumstances. In this paper we consider whether age-related binding deficits emerge under conditions ...
Role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens in mediating interactions
... 2002), the RE extends throughout the rostral-caudal extent of the thalamus (Bokor et al., 2002). The neighboring RH lies dorsal to the RE. The RE and RH are often grouped together in lesion studies, however there are subtle differences in their efferent and afferent connections, as will be discussed ...
... 2002), the RE extends throughout the rostral-caudal extent of the thalamus (Bokor et al., 2002). The neighboring RH lies dorsal to the RE. The RE and RH are often grouped together in lesion studies, however there are subtle differences in their efferent and afferent connections, as will be discussed ...
Role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens in mediating interactions
... 2002), the RE extends throughout the rostral-caudal extent of the thalamus (Bokor et al., 2002). The neighboring RH lies dorsal to the RE. The RE and RH are often grouped together in lesion studies, however there are subtle differences in their efferent and afferent connections, as will be discussed ...
... 2002), the RE extends throughout the rostral-caudal extent of the thalamus (Bokor et al., 2002). The neighboring RH lies dorsal to the RE. The RE and RH are often grouped together in lesion studies, however there are subtle differences in their efferent and afferent connections, as will be discussed ...
Distinct neuroanatomical bases of episodic and semantic memory
... research suggests that the PRC is required to form semantic memories of individual objects. We aimed to test whether commonly used clinical measures of episodic and semantic memory are distinctly associated with ERC/HP and mPRC integrity, respectively, in healthy mature individuals and very early AD ...
... research suggests that the PRC is required to form semantic memories of individual objects. We aimed to test whether commonly used clinical measures of episodic and semantic memory are distinctly associated with ERC/HP and mPRC integrity, respectively, in healthy mature individuals and very early AD ...
Alcohol and Cancer - UCLA Fielding School of Public Health
... experimental design, type of carcinogen used, its time, duration of exposure, dosage and administration route. ...
... experimental design, type of carcinogen used, its time, duration of exposure, dosage and administration route. ...
Selective cognitive dysfunction in acetylcholine M
... and their corresponding genes, termed M1–M5, have been identified and cloned, but their high degree of sequence similarity has hindered the development of highly selective ligands1. Therefore, the broad array of deficits produced by antagonists such as scopolamine or atropine and more selective liga ...
... and their corresponding genes, termed M1–M5, have been identified and cloned, but their high degree of sequence similarity has hindered the development of highly selective ligands1. Therefore, the broad array of deficits produced by antagonists such as scopolamine or atropine and more selective liga ...
Low-Dose Alcohol Consumption Protects against Transient Focal
... reduced PPARc protein in the nucleus. In addition to the nucleus, PPARc also expresses in the cytoplasm [22]. Thus, upregulated PPARc mRNA during reperfusion may be a compensatory response and increased PPARc immunoreactivity may be mainly located in the cytoplasm. Transient focal cerebral ischemia ...
... reduced PPARc protein in the nucleus. In addition to the nucleus, PPARc also expresses in the cytoplasm [22]. Thus, upregulated PPARc mRNA during reperfusion may be a compensatory response and increased PPARc immunoreactivity may be mainly located in the cytoplasm. Transient focal cerebral ischemia ...
Methylphenidate Enhances Working Memory by Modulating
... were identical to those described by Owen et al. (1996b). For the task conditions, subjects were presented either six (“easy”) or twelve (“difficult”) red circles on a touch-sensitive computer screen suspended above the scanner. For each problem, subjects were required to search through the array of ...
... were identical to those described by Owen et al. (1996b). For the task conditions, subjects were presented either six (“easy”) or twelve (“difficult”) red circles on a touch-sensitive computer screen suspended above the scanner. For each problem, subjects were required to search through the array of ...
1 Behavioral Dynamics of Episodic Memory
... yellow. I remember the movement of our neighbor’s cat as it ran out of our way, and I remember how Ollie barked and ran toward the neighbor’s cat. As demonstrated by this example, the term episodic memory refers to the memory of specific events occurring at a specific place and time. In this book, t ...
... yellow. I remember the movement of our neighbor’s cat as it ran out of our way, and I remember how Ollie barked and ran toward the neighbor’s cat. As demonstrated by this example, the term episodic memory refers to the memory of specific events occurring at a specific place and time. In this book, t ...
Impairment of episodic and semantic autobiographical memory in
... Autobiographical memory includes the retrieval of personal semantic data and the remembrance of incident or episodic memories. In retrograde amnesias, it has been observed that recall of autobiographical memories of recent events is poorer than recall of remote memories. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may ...
... Autobiographical memory includes the retrieval of personal semantic data and the remembrance of incident or episodic memories. In retrograde amnesias, it has been observed that recall of autobiographical memories of recent events is poorer than recall of remote memories. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may ...
Critique 179: Response to proposed guidelines
... of excellent scientific studies on these topics, and the Forum cannot determine which papers were used to get the associations shown. For example, most cohort epidemiologic studies have shown that moderate drinkers of all alcoholic beverages have a lower risk of diabetes, and several RCTs have suppo ...
... of excellent scientific studies on these topics, and the Forum cannot determine which papers were used to get the associations shown. For example, most cohort epidemiologic studies have shown that moderate drinkers of all alcoholic beverages have a lower risk of diabetes, and several RCTs have suppo ...
Neuroimaging Studies of Memory. In Encyclopedia of the
... brain circuitry involved in a memory task honors the type of information that is stored and retrieved. Perhaps the most frequently studied case of this concerns the distinction between linguistic information (such as letters, words, sentences, and stories) and visual or spatial information (such as ...
... brain circuitry involved in a memory task honors the type of information that is stored and retrieved. Perhaps the most frequently studied case of this concerns the distinction between linguistic information (such as letters, words, sentences, and stories) and visual or spatial information (such as ...
The Frontal Cortex and Working with Memory
... the 0-delay training condition, rats received five additional days of training with a 5-second stimulus-response delay, and five more days of training in which the delay was increased to 15 seconds. For the delay trial, the conditional stimulus was presented for 10 seconds and then turned off while ...
... the 0-delay training condition, rats received five additional days of training with a 5-second stimulus-response delay, and five more days of training in which the delay was increased to 15 seconds. For the delay trial, the conditional stimulus was presented for 10 seconds and then turned off while ...
pdf
... These studies were performed using a figure-of-eight coil targeting dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) [17]. rTMS of the DLPFC is known to increase the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens [7], caudate nucleus [10] and to modulate dopamine release in the subgenual anterior cingulated cort ...
... These studies were performed using a figure-of-eight coil targeting dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) [17]. rTMS of the DLPFC is known to increase the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens [7], caudate nucleus [10] and to modulate dopamine release in the subgenual anterior cingulated cort ...
Mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information
... neurons [13] demonstrate how the Alonso current can underlie the sustained delay period spiking in the entorhinal cortex seen with extracellular unit recording in rats and monkeys during the performance of delayed matching tasks [10,30]. These detailed models extended earlier models showing that aft ...
... neurons [13] demonstrate how the Alonso current can underlie the sustained delay period spiking in the entorhinal cortex seen with extracellular unit recording in rats and monkeys during the performance of delayed matching tasks [10,30]. These detailed models extended earlier models showing that aft ...
A Neuropsychological Model of Memory and Consciousness
... Umilta, 1990,1991, for a discussion of working memory and consciousness), it is picked up automatically by the hippocampal component, which is a functional unit that comprises the hippocampus and related limbic structures in the medial temporal lobe and diencephalon.' Thus, only consciously experien ...
... Umilta, 1990,1991, for a discussion of working memory and consciousness), it is picked up automatically by the hippocampal component, which is a functional unit that comprises the hippocampus and related limbic structures in the medial temporal lobe and diencephalon.' Thus, only consciously experien ...
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early
... response task (SDR). Early-onset TLE did not affect performance on short delays on SDR, but it did impair performance at the longest delay (60 s), similar to adults with unilateral medial temporal damage. In addition, early-onset TLE affected performance on pattern recall, spatial span, and verbal s ...
... response task (SDR). Early-onset TLE did not affect performance on short delays on SDR, but it did impair performance at the longest delay (60 s), similar to adults with unilateral medial temporal damage. In addition, early-onset TLE affected performance on pattern recall, spatial span, and verbal s ...
The relation of transcription to memory formation
... forms of CREB are inactivated, are not available for behavioral learning tests because this mutation is lethal due to developmental abnormalities (Rudolph et al., 1998). The presence of multiple CREB forms in mammals complicates the genetic study to establish the role of CREB-dependent transcription ...
... forms of CREB are inactivated, are not available for behavioral learning tests because this mutation is lethal due to developmental abnormalities (Rudolph et al., 1998). The presence of multiple CREB forms in mammals complicates the genetic study to establish the role of CREB-dependent transcription ...
Alcohol and error processing
... electroencephalogram (EEG) associated with error commission in speeded response time tasks [2,3]. Because the ERN is commonly thought to be produced by a high-level evaluative system involving the anterior cingulate cortex [4 – 6], the authors concluded that alcohol consumption leads to impairment i ...
... electroencephalogram (EEG) associated with error commission in speeded response time tasks [2,3]. Because the ERN is commonly thought to be produced by a high-level evaluative system involving the anterior cingulate cortex [4 – 6], the authors concluded that alcohol consumption leads to impairment i ...
392868
... In this section, a computational model of the episodic memory based on neural synchronization of phase precession [43] is reviewed. 4.1. Representation of Object and Scene Information. Figure 2(a) shows the information flow of the model that follows experimental proposals [13, 17]. Retinal informati ...
... In this section, a computational model of the episodic memory based on neural synchronization of phase precession [43] is reviewed. 4.1. Representation of Object and Scene Information. Figure 2(a) shows the information flow of the model that follows experimental proposals [13, 17]. Retinal informati ...
NOBA Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)
... process: encoding, storage, and retrieval (Melton, 1963). Encoding is defined as the initial learning of information; storage refers to maintaining information over time; retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it. If you meet someone for the first time at a party, you need to e ...
... process: encoding, storage, and retrieval (Melton, 1963). Encoding is defined as the initial learning of information; storage refers to maintaining information over time; retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it. If you meet someone for the first time at a party, you need to e ...
Effects of alcohol on memory
Ethanol is the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. It is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid that acts as a central nervous system depressant. Ethanol can impair different types of memory.