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CST Review Sheet 2 DNA and RNA 1. The unit to the right which
CST Review Sheet 2 DNA and RNA 1. The unit to the right which

... 6. Which of the following statements correctly describes meiosis? A Cells divide only once during meiosis. B Meiosis does not occur in reproductive cells. C The cells produced at the end of meiosis are genetically identical to the parent cell. D The cells produced at the end of meiosis contain half ...
Génmanipuláció
Génmanipuláció

... replacement vector. The negative marker is outside the region of sequence similarity between the vector and the targeted locus. The engineered construct is added to cells which contain the targeted gene of interest. By mechanisms that are poorly understood but are similar to what occurrs during meio ...
Introduction to Genetics Terms
Introduction to Genetics Terms

... clogging the lungs & air passageways - most common fatal genetic disease in the United States Daughters____ men can only pass a sex linked trait to these Diploid____ refers to the number of chromosomes in a body cell (autosome); containing a double set of chromosomes Down Syndrome____ a disorder whe ...
I. Microbial Genetics (Chapter 7) A. Overview 1. all of the information
I. Microbial Genetics (Chapter 7) A. Overview 1. all of the information

... a. useful for tracking genetic events, determining genetic organization, mapping genes b. detected by replica plating or biochemical indicators c. many mutations are neutral (no phenotypic change) (1) usually single nucleotide substitution, "corrected" by degeneracy of the genetic code (2) mutation ...
File - Down the Rabbit Hole
File - Down the Rabbit Hole

... Mutations are a result in a change in DNA sequence – A protein with a different AA sequence could be produced. – Germ Cell - If mutations occur in sex cells they may be passed on to the next generation. – Somatic- A mutation occurring only in body cells may be a problem for the individual but will n ...
Exam 2 from Fall 11
Exam 2 from Fall 11

... they do not have meiosis and fertilization found in eukaryotic organisms? (3 reasons) a)_________________________________________________________________________________ b)_________________________________________________________________________________ c)____________________________________________ ...
cancer genetics solutions
cancer genetics solutions

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OICR-1-Cancer Treatment Discovery-MichelleBrazas
OICR-1-Cancer Treatment Discovery-MichelleBrazas

... Research Problem: Bud has blood cancer. He has come to you for help. He wants a treatment that will get rid of his blood cancer, but won’t make him more sick. To help Bud, your Research Question is: What is the difference between normal blood cells and Bud’s cancer blood cells? ...
Omics - Tresch Group
Omics - Tresch Group

... mRNA is converted to cDNA and labeled, and subsequently hybridized to an array of gene-specific probes (either spotted cDNA samples or oligonucleotides, either one or two sample(s) per microarray) Differences in expression between samples are determined as a ratio of fluorescence signals at individu ...
mitogenetics
mitogenetics

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Chapter 6: Genetic diseases
Chapter 6: Genetic diseases

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DNA replication limits…

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BAC vectors (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome)
BAC vectors (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome)

... The genes involved in lysogenic pathway and other viral genes not essential for viral growth are removed from the viral DNA and replaced with the DNA to be cloned. Up to ~25 kb of foreign DNA can be inserted into the λ genome, resulting in a recombinant DNA that can be packaged in vitro to form viri ...
array CGH
array CGH

... array. CNVs >200-300 kb will be reported. Smaller CNVs in the targeted genes/regions will also be reported. FISH or G-banded chromosome analysis will be used to confirm any clinically significant abnormality whenever possible, and the results will be interpreted using standard cytogenomic microarray ...
Bio_Ch7 - Faustina Academy
Bio_Ch7 - Faustina Academy

... Karyotype- the figure produced when chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs -Homologous pairs- chromosomes that are very similar but not identical -Sex chromosomes- a pair of chromosomes which can be used to distinguish between the sexes - XX: femal ...
Blood Type and Sex Linked Inheritance
Blood Type and Sex Linked Inheritance

... What is the probability that they will have a SON with malepattern baldness? ...
Genetics 314 – Spring 2007
Genetics 314 – Spring 2007

... genetic information in a cell. Describe one of these experiments and how the results demonstrated that DNA carried genetic information. The two experiments were: 1) The Avery, Macleod and McCarty experiment where they repeated the Griffith’s experiment with heat-killed Pneumoccocus but used enzymes ...
Lecture 01. The subject and the main tasks of Medical Genetics
Lecture 01. The subject and the main tasks of Medical Genetics

... •monogene disorders (diseases or traits where the phenotypes are largely determined by the action, or lack of action, of mutations at individual loci); •multifactorial traits (diseases or variations where the phenotypes are strongly influenced by the action of mutant alleles at several loci actin ...
Homologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes

... – Many people have the same number of repeats in a certain region of DNA – The probability that two people share identical numbers of repeats in several locations is very small – Several regions of DNA are used to make a DNA fingerprint to make it more likely the fingerprint is unique. – Used in cri ...
DNA & Protein Synthesis
DNA & Protein Synthesis

... Central Dogma of Genetics • Central Dogma holds that genetic information is expressed in a specific order. This order is as follows ...
chapter 8 and 9
chapter 8 and 9

... Example: nitrous acid strips the amino group from nucleotides Base analogs Resemble nucleotide bases; erroneously incorporated into DNA Analog base-pairs with a different nucleotide Intercalating agents Insert between base-pairs, pushing nucleotides apart; extra nucleotide may then be erroneously ad ...
Mutation detection and correction experiments in
Mutation detection and correction experiments in

... plant cell systems (Beetham et al., 1999; Zhu et al., 1999) have since been described. DNA sequence alterations have also been achieved in nuclear or cell-free extracts (Cole et al., 1999; Igoucheva et al., 1999). This novel RDO technology holds promise as a means to correct point mutations in disea ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... PCR: Amplifying DNA with a heat-stable polymerase Reaction mix: Template DNA, 4 nucleotides, primers, buffer, polymerase Step 1) Melt template DNA (~96o C) ...
classes of mutation
classes of mutation

Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Comparative Genomic Hybridization

... used to define the set of clones having consistently good hybridization quality • For each analysis, clones were excluded for which none or only one spot remained after the Genepix analysis. • For all analyses, the 5% of clones with the most extreme average test over reference ratio deviations from ...
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Cell-free fetal DNA

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is fetal DNA circulating freely in the maternal blood stream. It can be sampled by venipuncture on the mother. Analysis of cffDNA provides a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.cffDNA originates from the trophoblasts making up the placenta. It is estimated that 2-6% of the DNA in the maternal blood is fetal in origin. The fetal DNA is fragmented and makes its way into the maternal bloodstream via shedding of the placental microparticles into the maternal bloodstream (figure 1). Studies have shown that cffDNA can first be observed as early as 7 weeks gestation, and the amount of cffDNA increases as the pregnancy progresses. cffDNA diminishes quickly after the birth of the baby, so that it is no longer detectable in the maternal blood approximately 2 hours after birth. cffDNA is significantly smaller than the maternal DNA in the bloodstream, with fragments approximately 200bp in size. Many protocols to extract the fetal DNA from the maternal plasma use its size to distinguish it from the maternal DNA.Studies have looked at, and some even optimized, protocols for testing non-compatible RhD factors, sex determination for X-linked genetic disorders and testing for single gene disorders. Current studies are now looking at determining aneuploidies in the developing fetus. These protocols can be done earlier than the current prenatal testing methods, and have no risk of spontaneous abortion, unlike current prenatal testing methods. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been implemented in the UK and parts of the US; it has clear benefits above the standard tests of chorionic villi sample (CVS) and amniocentesis which have procedure-related miscarriage risks of about 1 in 100 pregnancies and 1 in 200 pregnancies, respectively.As a method of prenatal diagnosis, cell-free fetal DNA techniques share the same ethical and practical issues, such as the possibility of prenatal sex discernment and sex selection.
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