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We conducted a full analysis on the excluded 26 cases (see details
We conducted a full analysis on the excluded 26 cases (see details

... together suggesting that this is not a real retroposition event. 5) CG13762 This case indeed has some problem. Basically, Bhutkar et al [1] did not find an ortholog in D. grimshawi, D. mojavensis and D. virilis. However, this may be wrong. For example, in D. grimshawi, GH14404 appears to be a best-t ...
Mark Scheme
Mark Scheme

Pre-AP Biology
Pre-AP Biology

... Define saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated. ...
CRISPR germline engineering—the community
CRISPR germline engineering—the community

A small organic compound enhances the religation reaction of
A small organic compound enhances the religation reaction of

... The 3D structure of the topotecan–enzyme–DNA ternary complex has shown that topotecan mimics a DNA base-pair and binds at the site of DNA cleavage by intercalating between the upstream ( − 1) and downstream ( + 1) base-pairs [6] interacting also with the enzyme, acting as an interfacial uncompetitiv ...
Microbiology
Microbiology

... & Stone, 1975). Lichenase encoded by the bglS gene is restricted in its substrate range to mixed linked P-glucans. Only 1,4-linkages adjacent to 1,3-linkages are hydrolysed. CMCase encoded by the egls gene cleaves carboxymethylcellulose (CM-cellulose) and 1,3-1,4P-glucans by hydrolysing internal 1,4 ...
Pseudogene function: regulation of gene expression
Pseudogene function: regulation of gene expression

... A long held ostensible support for the absence of pseudogene function has been their usual apparent lack of sequence conservation. Protein-coding genes typically vary only slightly among orthologs and paralogs as a result of purifying selection*. This is a result of the fact that most proteins canno ...
Sequencing project for Bi1x
Sequencing project for Bi1x

... called “reads”, which is not enough cover the entire 16S amplicon. To sequence your entire amplicon we would need to run two sequencing reactions in opposite ...
Kinoshita, T et al.
Kinoshita, T et al.

... has been reported [34]. This study suggested that a SINE-related sequence, without a tandem repeat structure, is responsible for the imprinted pattern of FWA expression in A. halleri [34]. Thus, in A. halleri at least, the tandem repeat structure, but not the SINE-related sequence, is dispensable fo ...
MacVector 14.0 Getting Started Guide
MacVector 14.0 Getting Started Guide

... can be selected from the keyword list when editing the features of protein or nucleic acid sequences. ...
Bioinformatics 3 V7 * Function Annotation, Gene Regulation
Bioinformatics 3 V7 * Function Annotation, Gene Regulation

... • several general transcription factors have to bind to gene promoter • specific enhancers or repressors may bind • then the RNA polymerase binds • and starts transcription ...
mutations
mutations

... Objective: What is a genetic mutation?  Any _change_ in DNA _sequence_ is called a _mutation_.  Can be _caused_ by errors in _replication_, _transcription_, cell _division_, or by _external_ agents.  If _mutation_ occurs in _gametes_ (sex cells) it will be __passed_ on to _offspring_.  May _prod ...
Heather Cross - Virginia Commonwealth University
Heather Cross - Virginia Commonwealth University

... • On July 19th while doing a 9.5 dpc dissection, I found a set of identical twins in the embryos. • Normally each embryo has its own “bead” and yolk sac but there were 2 embryos in one “bead” sharing a yolk sac. ...
Directed Evolution of Polymerases To Accept Nucleotides with
Directed Evolution of Polymerases To Accept Nucleotides with

... independent of the standard T:A and C:G pairs. Their use in various tools to detect and analyze DNA and RNA requires polymerases that synthesize duplex DNA containing unnatural base pairs. This is especially true for nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which has been shown to dramatically lower ...
Prokaryotic Evolution in Light of Gene Transfer
Prokaryotic Evolution in Light of Gene Transfer

... that accounts for the lion’s share of sequence differences between isolates. Feil et al. (2001), in a study of conserved loci in bacterial pathogens, conclude for lineages within a species that ‘‘over the long term, the impact of relatively frequent recombination is to obliterate the phylogenetic si ...
Simulating Protein Synthesis to create a CHNOPS!
Simulating Protein Synthesis to create a CHNOPS!

... Simulating Protein Synthesis to create a CHNOPS! Read the following to help you complete a successful CHNOPS organism. Genes are the units that determine inherited characteristics such as hair color and blood type. Genes consist of DNA molecules that code for the proteins our cells make. The sequenc ...
The S RNA segment of tomato spotted wilt virus has an ambisense
The S RNA segment of tomato spotted wilt virus has an ambisense

LP - Columbia University
LP - Columbia University

... 2. Nuclear membrane (compartmental separators) disassembled . Disassembly is temporary -- membrane components not lost, just taken apart into subunits. (Lego castle disassembled -- will be reassembled into two smaller castles after division). 3. Spindle -- have set of fibers attached to chromosomes ...
Why Some People Prefer Pickle Juice: The
Why Some People Prefer Pickle Juice: The

... mediated degradation (Figure 3). The prolonged presence of ENaC results in enhanced sodium reabsorption and hypertension. One of the more recent and surprising discoveries of the Lifton lab, however, came in 2002 when a resequencing of genes involved in the salt-retaining pathway revealed a mutation ...
glycan associated protein of Legionella (PpiA)
glycan associated protein of Legionella (PpiA)

... position 639-615). Oligonucleotide synthesis was performed by the automated phosphoramididite coupling method 22 (TIB MOLBIOL, Berlin, Germany). The PCR solution contained 100 mM KCI, 20 mM Tris-CI (pH 8.3), 0.02% gelatine, 2 mM MgCI 2 , 200 J.LM each ot the deoxynucleosidetriphosphates, 0.5 J.LM ea ...
Gene Order Polymorphism in Yeast
Gene Order Polymorphism in Yeast

... expression at those affected loci ...
Li, H., and Baker, B. S.
Li, H., and Baker, B. S.

... necessary for male sexual behavior (Hall, 1994; Ito et al., 1996; Ryner et al., 1996; Taylor et al., 1994) and the development of a male-specific abdominal muscle, the Muscle of Lawrence (MOL) (Gailey et al., 1991; Ito et al., 1996; Lawrence and Johnston, 1986; Ryner et al., 1996). The female-specif ...
Nomenclature of Transposable Elements in Prokaryotes
Nomenclature of Transposable Elements in Prokaryotes

... each IS2 in a different location a specific as well as a generic name. Such a designation would provide no additional information not already given by the mutation number (see below) that identifies the insertion event. This situation may change in the future for two reasons: (1) IS2 elements may be ...
Mitochondrial DNA: The Second Genetic System
Mitochondrial DNA: The Second Genetic System

... sperm motility and which are surrounded by tightly packed mitochondria aligned to form a spiral. In the course of their evolution from primitive bacteria, mitochondria became completely dependent on nuclear genes for their growth and function. Most mitochondrial proteins, including those necessary f ...
Ch 18
Ch 18

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Genomics

Genomics is a discipline in genetics that applies recombinant DNA, DNA sequencing methods, and bioinformatics to sequence, assemble, and analyze the function and structure of genomes (the complete set of DNA within a single cell of an organism). Advances in genomics have triggered a revolution in discovery-based research to understand even the most complex biological systems such as the brain. The field includes efforts to determine the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scale genetic mapping. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of molecular biology or genetics and is a common topic of modern medical and biological research. Research of single genes does not fall into the definition of genomics unless the aim of this genetic, pathway, and functional information analysis is to elucidate its effect on, place in, and response to the entire genome's networks.
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