Evidence for massive gene exchange between archaeal and
... uncharacterized owing to the lack of experimental data on these organisms. Several of them, however, form highly conserved families that, on the basis of the observed patterns of amino acid residue conservation, could be ...
... uncharacterized owing to the lack of experimental data on these organisms. Several of them, however, form highly conserved families that, on the basis of the observed patterns of amino acid residue conservation, could be ...
Nucleic Acids Research, 32: D489-D492 (2004).
... Alu sequences, locations, as well as motifs and compositional properties via a one-stop search page. INTRODUCTION Alu sequences are short interspersed elements (SINEs), typically 300 nucleotides in length, which account for more than 10% of the human genome (1). Alus have a dimeric structure and are ...
... Alu sequences, locations, as well as motifs and compositional properties via a one-stop search page. INTRODUCTION Alu sequences are short interspersed elements (SINEs), typically 300 nucleotides in length, which account for more than 10% of the human genome (1). Alus have a dimeric structure and are ...
Changes in DNA-binding activity of transcription factors in the
... mon features: all of them are expressed only in mammary gland epithelium during late pregnancy and lactation, their transcription is induced by lactogenic hormones – insulin, prolactin and glucocorticoids, while repressed by progesterone. These features make mammary gland a good model for studying m ...
... mon features: all of them are expressed only in mammary gland epithelium during late pregnancy and lactation, their transcription is induced by lactogenic hormones – insulin, prolactin and glucocorticoids, while repressed by progesterone. These features make mammary gland a good model for studying m ...
19.1 CONSTITUTIVE, INDUCIBLE AND REPRESSIBLE GENE
... This leads to diauxic pattern of growth in laboratory media containing both sugars. The Lac promoter is intrinsically "weak" because of a poor match to consensus sequence of the sigma factor. This is important for positive regulation by CAP. The mechanism by which glucose regulates adenyl cyclase ac ...
... This leads to diauxic pattern of growth in laboratory media containing both sugars. The Lac promoter is intrinsically "weak" because of a poor match to consensus sequence of the sigma factor. This is important for positive regulation by CAP. The mechanism by which glucose regulates adenyl cyclase ac ...
Chpt9_Transposition.doc
... propagating themselves. We now realize that some transposable elements are also viruses, for instance, some retroviruses can integrate into a host genome to form endogenous retroviruses. Indeed, some viruses may be derived from natural transposable elements and vice versa. Since viruses move between ...
... propagating themselves. We now realize that some transposable elements are also viruses, for instance, some retroviruses can integrate into a host genome to form endogenous retroviruses. Indeed, some viruses may be derived from natural transposable elements and vice versa. Since viruses move between ...
SMN1 - IS MU
... pICln-PRMT5 complex and bind the SMN complex. B1) The SMN complex is composed of SMN, Gemins2-8 and unrip. SMN is shown in the figure as an oligomer as it has been shown to self-associate and it has been suggested that oligomerization is critical for SMN function. The exact numbers of SMN monomers i ...
... pICln-PRMT5 complex and bind the SMN complex. B1) The SMN complex is composed of SMN, Gemins2-8 and unrip. SMN is shown in the figure as an oligomer as it has been shown to self-associate and it has been suggested that oligomerization is critical for SMN function. The exact numbers of SMN monomers i ...
The molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility and
... Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited condition in which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen. It occurs in many plant species and is often associated with chimeric mitochondrial open reading frames. In a number of cases, transcripts originating from these altered open ...
... Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited condition in which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen. It occurs in many plant species and is often associated with chimeric mitochondrial open reading frames. In a number of cases, transcripts originating from these altered open ...
Comparative study of overlapping genes in bacteria, with special
... the upstream region, which incorporate essential structures such as promoters. In addition, a frameshift mutation at the 59 end may destroy the entire gene. The unidirectional and convergent structures are more easily formed due to the loss of stop codons or a frameshift. These results concur with t ...
... the upstream region, which incorporate essential structures such as promoters. In addition, a frameshift mutation at the 59 end may destroy the entire gene. The unidirectional and convergent structures are more easily formed due to the loss of stop codons or a frameshift. These results concur with t ...
Part 2 - Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center
... divergence due to extreme adaptations, identify new genes and gene systems as targets for transgenesis. Besides, it leads to basic research on new genome based approaches for exploitation of other species. Artemia genome project should be initiated for development of tools for targeted knockouts. ...
... divergence due to extreme adaptations, identify new genes and gene systems as targets for transgenesis. Besides, it leads to basic research on new genome based approaches for exploitation of other species. Artemia genome project should be initiated for development of tools for targeted knockouts. ...
Recent retrotransposition events have not affected
... Expression divergence was calculated for ~9000 genes based on expression in five tissues (data from Khaitovich et al, Science, 2005) Expression divergence is the Euclidean distance between expression levels in one or more tissues ...
... Expression divergence was calculated for ~9000 genes based on expression in five tissues (data from Khaitovich et al, Science, 2005) Expression divergence is the Euclidean distance between expression levels in one or more tissues ...
Myotonic dystrophy DM
... Haploinsufficiency of SIX5 and neighboring genes -A second proposed mechanism has been that the mutation interferes with expression of multiple genes in the DM1 region, possibly through regional effects produced by repeat-induced alterations in chromatin structure. -In addition to DMPK and the neig ...
... Haploinsufficiency of SIX5 and neighboring genes -A second proposed mechanism has been that the mutation interferes with expression of multiple genes in the DM1 region, possibly through regional effects produced by repeat-induced alterations in chromatin structure. -In addition to DMPK and the neig ...
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The
... against virus infection [1,2]. A current model for antiviral silencing in higher plants, taking Arabidopsis thaliana as an example, suggests that double-stranded (ds) RNA replication intermediates of viral genomic RNAs or highly structured regions within singlestranded viral RNAs are first cleaved by ...
... against virus infection [1,2]. A current model for antiviral silencing in higher plants, taking Arabidopsis thaliana as an example, suggests that double-stranded (ds) RNA replication intermediates of viral genomic RNAs or highly structured regions within singlestranded viral RNAs are first cleaved by ...
Inheritance of Nuclear DNA Markers in Gynogenetic Haploid Pink
... both potentially serious problems. Hare et al. (1996) encountered and discussed these problems in an analysis of anonymous nuclear DNA markers in American oysters (Crassostrea virginica). These problems are likely to be even more serious in organisms such as salmonids that, as a result of their poly ...
... both potentially serious problems. Hare et al. (1996) encountered and discussed these problems in an analysis of anonymous nuclear DNA markers in American oysters (Crassostrea virginica). These problems are likely to be even more serious in organisms such as salmonids that, as a result of their poly ...
translational - Bioinformatics Institute
... Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes, structures that function as protein-synthesizing machines ...
... Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes, structures that function as protein-synthesizing machines ...
Correlations Between Gene Expression and Gene Conservation in
... and C. elegans genomes. To confirm these results, we used a list of orphans that contains all fission yeast genes for which no homologs have been identified in any other organism (see Methods). This list of orphans should be more accurate, as it has been generated by careful manual curation and comp ...
... and C. elegans genomes. To confirm these results, we used a list of orphans that contains all fission yeast genes for which no homologs have been identified in any other organism (see Methods). This list of orphans should be more accurate, as it has been generated by careful manual curation and comp ...
Two Cyp19 (P450 Aromatase) Genes on Duplicated Zebrafish
... The distal helix I (region II) and the proximal hemebinding helix L (region V) are the two most conserved regions. These two helices together form the heme-binding pocket allowing electron transport to take place (Chen and Zhou 1992). To understand the tissue distribution of cyp19 gene expression, R ...
... The distal helix I (region II) and the proximal hemebinding helix L (region V) are the two most conserved regions. These two helices together form the heme-binding pocket allowing electron transport to take place (Chen and Zhou 1992). To understand the tissue distribution of cyp19 gene expression, R ...
Features and phylogeny of the six compared Plasmodium genomes
... Accurate definition of genetic differences between Plasmodium species requires correctly annotated gene models. Therefore, efforts have been taken in this study to both improve the quality of gene models. Since the initial publication of the P. falciparum genome sequence in 2002, large efforts have ...
... Accurate definition of genetic differences between Plasmodium species requires correctly annotated gene models. Therefore, efforts have been taken in this study to both improve the quality of gene models. Since the initial publication of the P. falciparum genome sequence in 2002, large efforts have ...
Localization of Three Genes in the Hook
... Electron micrograph studies of hamster spermatozoa revealed that fully condensed hamster sperm nuclei have a characteristic, asymmetrical hook-shaped nucleus that is very flat [27]. Yanagimachi and Noda [27] determined that the nucleus is only 0.5-0.6 gm at its thickest point and 0.20.25 m at the th ...
... Electron micrograph studies of hamster spermatozoa revealed that fully condensed hamster sperm nuclei have a characteristic, asymmetrical hook-shaped nucleus that is very flat [27]. Yanagimachi and Noda [27] determined that the nucleus is only 0.5-0.6 gm at its thickest point and 0.20.25 m at the th ...
X inactivation Xplained
... on the future Xi. This leads to the formation of a nuclear compartment that is devoid of the transcription machinery, such as RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Polycomb group complexes are recruited to the Xist-covered chromosome and establish chromosome-wide histone modifications. The genes localize to t ...
... on the future Xi. This leads to the formation of a nuclear compartment that is devoid of the transcription machinery, such as RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Polycomb group complexes are recruited to the Xist-covered chromosome and establish chromosome-wide histone modifications. The genes localize to t ...
Genomic Gene Clustering Analysis of Pathways
... genes were found in uber-operons as well. Lathe et al. (2000) showed that uber-operons can be used to correctly predict function of ‘hypothetical’ proteins. Operons that have been detected in eukaryotes differ from those in prokaryotes in that eukaryotic polycistronic mRNAs are not translatable dire ...
... genes were found in uber-operons as well. Lathe et al. (2000) showed that uber-operons can be used to correctly predict function of ‘hypothetical’ proteins. Operons that have been detected in eukaryotes differ from those in prokaryotes in that eukaryotic polycistronic mRNAs are not translatable dire ...
splice sites at the termini generating a novel intron from a dSpm
... transposition. In several cases, further deletion derivatives of a given dSpm have been isolated, which differ in the somatic and germinal excision frequencies in the presence of En/Spm (for review, see Fedoroff, 1989). McClintock (1968) has termed these derivatives 'changes in state'. Molecular ana ...
... transposition. In several cases, further deletion derivatives of a given dSpm have been isolated, which differ in the somatic and germinal excision frequencies in the presence of En/Spm (for review, see Fedoroff, 1989). McClintock (1968) has termed these derivatives 'changes in state'. Molecular ana ...
Top Ten Ways to Ensure Valid RNAi Data
... single nucleotide mismatch in the middle of an siRNA can abolish its activity [1,2]. In contrast, another report indicates that siRNAs can silence non-target genes containing as few as 14–15 consecutive complementary nucleotides [3]. Therefore, until we reach a better understanding of siRNA specific ...
... single nucleotide mismatch in the middle of an siRNA can abolish its activity [1,2]. In contrast, another report indicates that siRNAs can silence non-target genes containing as few as 14–15 consecutive complementary nucleotides [3]. Therefore, until we reach a better understanding of siRNA specific ...
Bacteriophage l and Its Relatives
... passes through the cell envelope into the cytoplasm. Once in the cytoplasm, the first thing that happens to the DNA is that it is converted from a linear double-stranded molecule to a double-stranded circle through annealing of complementary single-stranded 12 base extensions on the two ends, follow ...
... passes through the cell envelope into the cytoplasm. Once in the cytoplasm, the first thing that happens to the DNA is that it is converted from a linear double-stranded molecule to a double-stranded circle through annealing of complementary single-stranded 12 base extensions on the two ends, follow ...
Chpt15_PosNegCntrl.doc
... chapter, this is not the case. RNA polymerase can bind to the lac promoter even when repressor is boudn to the lac operator. However, the polymerase cannot initiate transcription when juxtaposed to the repressor. ...
... chapter, this is not the case. RNA polymerase can bind to the lac promoter even when repressor is boudn to the lac operator. However, the polymerase cannot initiate transcription when juxtaposed to the repressor. ...
pdf
... that turn a normal cell into a cancerous one. They also point to the continual acquisition (and possibly deletion) of information from host genomes as a natural part of the evolution of viruses. Parasites or symbionts? Do the transposable elements confer some selective advantage on the "host"? Or ar ...
... that turn a normal cell into a cancerous one. They also point to the continual acquisition (and possibly deletion) of information from host genomes as a natural part of the evolution of viruses. Parasites or symbionts? Do the transposable elements confer some selective advantage on the "host"? Or ar ...