Polymorphic miRNA-mediated gene regulation: contribution to
... miRNA precursor hairpins are defined by (i) flanking single-stranded basal segments, and (ii) an imperfect three-helical turn stem, surmounted by (iii) a terminal loop of 10–20 nt. The future mature miRNA occupies either the ascending (50 donors) or descending (30 donors) branch of the upper stem, o ...
... miRNA precursor hairpins are defined by (i) flanking single-stranded basal segments, and (ii) an imperfect three-helical turn stem, surmounted by (iii) a terminal loop of 10–20 nt. The future mature miRNA occupies either the ascending (50 donors) or descending (30 donors) branch of the upper stem, o ...
No Slide Title
... – Important new development is RNAi – RNA interference – Observation is that introduction of doublestranded RNAs into cells lead to destruction of corresponding mRNA (if there is one) – Principle is siRNA – small interfering RNAs – These generate small single stranded RNAs that target mRNAs for dest ...
... – Important new development is RNAi – RNA interference – Observation is that introduction of doublestranded RNAs into cells lead to destruction of corresponding mRNA (if there is one) – Principle is siRNA – small interfering RNAs – These generate small single stranded RNAs that target mRNAs for dest ...
DNA in Action! A 3D Swarm-based Model of a Gene Regulatory
... Gene Complex 2: lacI The lacI gene, the second key module, is located downstream of the main lac complex (Fig. 1a). It likewise contains a promoter region, and produces proteins through the same action of RNA polymerase. The lacI protein product is known as a repressor, which has the ability to bind ...
... Gene Complex 2: lacI The lacI gene, the second key module, is located downstream of the main lac complex (Fig. 1a). It likewise contains a promoter region, and produces proteins through the same action of RNA polymerase. The lacI protein product is known as a repressor, which has the ability to bind ...
FORESTRY SCIENCES KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
... complimentary strand, of a gene as RNA. Antisense RNA (AsRNA) appears to act posttranscriptionally, forming a hybrid molecule with the target gene's sense mRNA and typically results in decreased steady-state transcript levels of the native gene (Mol et al., 1994). There are two major modes by which ...
... complimentary strand, of a gene as RNA. Antisense RNA (AsRNA) appears to act posttranscriptionally, forming a hybrid molecule with the target gene's sense mRNA and typically results in decreased steady-state transcript levels of the native gene (Mol et al., 1994). There are two major modes by which ...
The lac Operon - kyoussef-mci
... The genes of the trp operon are used to make the amino acid tryptophan. It is turned off when enough tryptophan is in the cell. Tryptophan is the effector molecule. ...
... The genes of the trp operon are used to make the amino acid tryptophan. It is turned off when enough tryptophan is in the cell. Tryptophan is the effector molecule. ...
$doc.title
... found to be significantly up- or down regulated (more than 2-fold) by analysis of 8 arrays with Acuity and GenePix Pro6.1 using Loess normalization (Bonferroni corrected p value < 0.005). From the complete gene list, the twenty most highly differentially expressed genes along with two other genes f ...
... found to be significantly up- or down regulated (more than 2-fold) by analysis of 8 arrays with Acuity and GenePix Pro6.1 using Loess normalization (Bonferroni corrected p value < 0.005). From the complete gene list, the twenty most highly differentially expressed genes along with two other genes f ...
Document
... genes, or messenger RNAs, which are the RNAs that get translated into proteins. Also, most snRNA (splicing) and microRNAs (RNAi). This is the most studied type, and due to the high level of control required over transcription a range of transcription factors are required for its binding to promoters ...
... genes, or messenger RNAs, which are the RNAs that get translated into proteins. Also, most snRNA (splicing) and microRNAs (RNAi). This is the most studied type, and due to the high level of control required over transcription a range of transcription factors are required for its binding to promoters ...
Reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr)
... The reaction tube of RT-PCR contains the following: Reverse transcriptase: the enzyme catalyses the reverse transcription reaction. There are several commercially available enzymes usually isolated from retroviruses. Buffer.! dNTPs (like those used in PCR), and they will be incorporated into the ...
... The reaction tube of RT-PCR contains the following: Reverse transcriptase: the enzyme catalyses the reverse transcription reaction. There are several commercially available enzymes usually isolated from retroviruses. Buffer.! dNTPs (like those used in PCR), and they will be incorporated into the ...
Document
... – Messenger RNA (mRNA) which has been transcribed from the DNA, carries the message that will be translated to form a protein. – Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of ribosomes where proteins are made. – Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome. ...
... – Messenger RNA (mRNA) which has been transcribed from the DNA, carries the message that will be translated to form a protein. – Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of ribosomes where proteins are made. – Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome. ...
Characterization of Gene Expression Profiles Associated with
... Discussion • Identified 66 genes whose expression varies with the progression of the disease. Out of these, some had prev. been identified like VEGFA, CENPF, and TOP2A. In addition, many novel genes were also identified (like COL4A2, FOXM1, MGP, CAMK2G). For many genes like FOXM1 & MGP the differen ...
... Discussion • Identified 66 genes whose expression varies with the progression of the disease. Out of these, some had prev. been identified like VEGFA, CENPF, and TOP2A. In addition, many novel genes were also identified (like COL4A2, FOXM1, MGP, CAMK2G). For many genes like FOXM1 & MGP the differen ...
Translation
... synthesized when the free iron concentration in the cytosol rises; the iron-sensitive translation repressor protein is called aconitase ...
... synthesized when the free iron concentration in the cytosol rises; the iron-sensitive translation repressor protein is called aconitase ...
Press Release
... the proteins necessary for a cell to function – it is no longer required and is degraded. Scientists have long thought that the decay started after translation was complete and that decaying RNA molecules provided little biological information. Now a team from EMBL Heidelberg and Stanford University ...
... the proteins necessary for a cell to function – it is no longer required and is degraded. Scientists have long thought that the decay started after translation was complete and that decaying RNA molecules provided little biological information. Now a team from EMBL Heidelberg and Stanford University ...
RevertAid First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit, #K1621
... The recombinant Thermo Scientific™ RiboLock™ RNase Inhibitor, supplied with the kit, effectively protects RNA from degradation at temperatures up to 55°C. First strand cDNA synthesized with this system can be directly used as a template in PCR or real-time PCR. It is also ideal for second strand cDN ...
... The recombinant Thermo Scientific™ RiboLock™ RNase Inhibitor, supplied with the kit, effectively protects RNA from degradation at temperatures up to 55°C. First strand cDNA synthesized with this system can be directly used as a template in PCR or real-time PCR. It is also ideal for second strand cDN ...
Gene splicing
... In eukaryotes information can be stored much more economically. Several proteins can be encoded by a single gene, thus allowing a more varied proteome from a genome of limited size. ...
... In eukaryotes information can be stored much more economically. Several proteins can be encoded by a single gene, thus allowing a more varied proteome from a genome of limited size. ...
Anopheles gambiae APL1 Is a Family of Variable LRR Proteins
... for stable haplotypes that encode predicted proteins of distinct sizes and structure. The haplotypes are designated by the gene name followed by a superscript number (Figure 1B). The superscript 2 haplotype for each gene is most similar to the variant found in the PEST strain used for the A. gambiae ...
... for stable haplotypes that encode predicted proteins of distinct sizes and structure. The haplotypes are designated by the gene name followed by a superscript number (Figure 1B). The superscript 2 haplotype for each gene is most similar to the variant found in the PEST strain used for the A. gambiae ...
microRNA Mimic and Inhibitor Functional Analysis
... Introduction: microRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring short RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotide (nt) long that regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNA and suppressing its translation or initiating its degradation.1 Since their initial description in C. elegans in 1993, almost four tho ...
... Introduction: microRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring short RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotide (nt) long that regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNA and suppressing its translation or initiating its degradation.1 Since their initial description in C. elegans in 1993, almost four tho ...
Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of WAG
... Floral organ formation has been the subject of intensive study for over 20 years, particularly in the model dicot species Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus. These studies have led to the establishment of a general model for the development of floral organs in higher plants. The so-called AB ...
... Floral organ formation has been the subject of intensive study for over 20 years, particularly in the model dicot species Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus. These studies have led to the establishment of a general model for the development of floral organs in higher plants. The so-called AB ...
Supplementary Methods
... temperature for 10 min and the beads were washed as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The fragmented RNA samples were eluted in 10 μl 10 mM Tris-HCL (pH 7.5). For sscDNA generation, each sample was mixed with 2 μl 500 μM random primer (5’phosphate-N7-OH-3’; Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralvill ...
... temperature for 10 min and the beads were washed as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The fragmented RNA samples were eluted in 10 μl 10 mM Tris-HCL (pH 7.5). For sscDNA generation, each sample was mixed with 2 μl 500 μM random primer (5’phosphate-N7-OH-3’; Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralvill ...
Chapter 17 - cloudfront.net
... 19. Explain how an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase matches a specific amino acid to its appropriate tRNA; describe the energy source that drives this endergonic process. ...
... 19. Explain how an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase matches a specific amino acid to its appropriate tRNA; describe the energy source that drives this endergonic process. ...
Genomics
... Family 1 GTs (UGTs) are classified based on the presence of a 44- to 50-amino-acid C-terminal consensus sequence. This sequence, thought to represent the nucleotide-sugar binding site, is termed the plant secondary product GT (PSPG) consensus [39] and has been identified in 120 putative PSGTs in Ara ...
... Family 1 GTs (UGTs) are classified based on the presence of a 44- to 50-amino-acid C-terminal consensus sequence. This sequence, thought to represent the nucleotide-sugar binding site, is termed the plant secondary product GT (PSPG) consensus [39] and has been identified in 120 putative PSGTs in Ara ...
X chromosome in Xq28
... domains may be defined where genes have the same direction of transcription. Moreover, the pattern of expression of the genes in each domain suggests that the transcriptional order we have defined may have a functional role. Genes G6PD, 2-19, GdX, and P3 which belong to the same transcriptional doma ...
... domains may be defined where genes have the same direction of transcription. Moreover, the pattern of expression of the genes in each domain suggests that the transcriptional order we have defined may have a functional role. Genes G6PD, 2-19, GdX, and P3 which belong to the same transcriptional doma ...
17 - Rutgers Chemistry
... Gene expression in eukaryotic cells Gene expression in eukaryotic cells involves the transcription of a gene into mRNA, the posttranscriptional modification of mRNA, and the translation of mRNA into proteins.1 The control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at six different steps, as descr ...
... Gene expression in eukaryotic cells Gene expression in eukaryotic cells involves the transcription of a gene into mRNA, the posttranscriptional modification of mRNA, and the translation of mRNA into proteins.1 The control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at six different steps, as descr ...
miRNA FAQs
... The duration of inhibition depends greatly on how well-expressed a mature microRNA is in a particular cell line. Inhibitors generally last longer than 48 hours in cells. The inhibitors are stabilized by their chemical modification pattern and have performed well in-house to at least 96 hours after ...
... The duration of inhibition depends greatly on how well-expressed a mature microRNA is in a particular cell line. Inhibitors generally last longer than 48 hours in cells. The inhibitors are stabilized by their chemical modification pattern and have performed well in-house to at least 96 hours after ...
Control Mechanism of Gene Expression During Development of
... In the first step of my work, I analyzed impact of two chemical induction agents, mitomycin C and hydrogen peroxide, on expression of phage genes during the lytic development. Both agents act as inducers by interfering with DNA. In contrast to mitomycin C, hydrogen peroxide appears to be a natural p ...
... In the first step of my work, I analyzed impact of two chemical induction agents, mitomycin C and hydrogen peroxide, on expression of phage genes during the lytic development. Both agents act as inducers by interfering with DNA. In contrast to mitomycin C, hydrogen peroxide appears to be a natural p ...
RNA interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression, typically by causing the destruction of specific mRNA molecules. Historically, it was known by other names, including co-suppression, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), and quelling. Only after these apparently unrelated processes were fully understood did it become clear that they all described the RNAi phenomenon. Andrew Fire and Craig C. Mello shared the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on RNA interference in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, which they published in 1998.Two types of small ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules – microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) – are central to RNA interference. RNAs are the direct products of genes, and these small RNAs can bind to other specific messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and either increase or decrease their activity, for example by preventing an mRNA from producing a protein. RNA interference has an important role in defending cells against parasitic nucleotide sequences – viruses and transposons. It also influences development.The RNAi pathway is found in many eukaryotes, including animals, and is initiated by the enzyme Dicer, which cleaves long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules into short double-stranded fragments of ~20 nucleotide siRNAs. Each siRNA is unwound into two single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs), the passenger strand and the guide strand. The passenger strand is degraded and the guide strand is incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The most well-studied outcome is post-transcriptional gene silencing, which occurs when the guide strand pairs with a complementary sequence in a messenger RNA molecule and induces cleavage by Argonaute, the catalytic component of the RISC complex. In some organisms, this process spreads systemically, despite the initially limited molar concentrations of siRNA.RNAi is a valuable research tool, both in cell culture and in living organisms, because synthetic dsRNA introduced into cells can selectively and robustly induce suppression of specific genes of interest. RNAi may be used for large-scale screens that systematically shut down each gene in the cell, which can help to identify the components necessary for a particular cellular process or an event such as cell division. The pathway is also used as a practical tool in biotechnology, medicine and insecticides.