The Kiwi - Nga Manu Nature Reserve
... New Zealand? • New Zealand was once part of a huge continent called Gondwanaland along with South America, Africa, Australia, India, and Antarctica • Gondwanaland broke apart about 80 million years ago. As a result, species were no longer able to travel around the whole continent but were trapped on ...
... New Zealand? • New Zealand was once part of a huge continent called Gondwanaland along with South America, Africa, Australia, India, and Antarctica • Gondwanaland broke apart about 80 million years ago. As a result, species were no longer able to travel around the whole continent but were trapped on ...
Thresholds in Habitat Supply: A Review of the Literature
... or “threshold” change that may have rapid, drastic effects on species or ecosystems. Ecological thresholds involve a change in the rate of response to ecosystem change; a critical value of an ecosystem property at which previously linear or unobserved change becomes a drastic transformation. Around ...
... or “threshold” change that may have rapid, drastic effects on species or ecosystems. Ecological thresholds involve a change in the rate of response to ecosystem change; a critical value of an ecosystem property at which previously linear or unobserved change becomes a drastic transformation. Around ...
Hoffmann`s Two-toed Sloth, Choloepus hoffmanni
... [edit] Ecology Sloths are omnivores. They may eat insects, small reptiles, and birds, but their diet consists mostly of buds, tender shoots, and leaves, mainly of Cecropia trees. They have made extraordinary adaptations to an arboreal browsing lifestyle. Leaves, their main food source, provide very ...
... [edit] Ecology Sloths are omnivores. They may eat insects, small reptiles, and birds, but their diet consists mostly of buds, tender shoots, and leaves, mainly of Cecropia trees. They have made extraordinary adaptations to an arboreal browsing lifestyle. Leaves, their main food source, provide very ...
Conservation of Wildlife Populations
... Throughout I will present rules of thumb. These guidelines represent simple answers to complex questions, always a dangerous undertaking. I hope they will be useful for distilling subtle and complicated topics into the bare essence that can inform management as a starting point. Of course there will ...
... Throughout I will present rules of thumb. These guidelines represent simple answers to complex questions, always a dangerous undertaking. I hope they will be useful for distilling subtle and complicated topics into the bare essence that can inform management as a starting point. Of course there will ...
How do transposable elements work - Zoology, UBC
... Why was Darwin’s agument for evolution so convincing that people changed their beliefs. How do seeds travel through the animal’s body without being damaged? How do DNA know that they need to mutate? How are genetic diseases passed on? What are developmental homolgies? Virsuses need cells, thus must ...
... Why was Darwin’s agument for evolution so convincing that people changed their beliefs. How do seeds travel through the animal’s body without being damaged? How do DNA know that they need to mutate? How are genetic diseases passed on? What are developmental homolgies? Virsuses need cells, thus must ...
sloth source 3
... shoots, and leaves, mainly of Cecropia trees. Some two-toed sloths have been documented as eating insects, small reptiles and birds as a small supplement to their diet. Linnaeus's two-toed sloth has recently been documented eating human feces from open latrines.[2] They have made extraordinary adapt ...
... shoots, and leaves, mainly of Cecropia trees. Some two-toed sloths have been documented as eating insects, small reptiles and birds as a small supplement to their diet. Linnaeus's two-toed sloth has recently been documented eating human feces from open latrines.[2] They have made extraordinary adapt ...
Effects of productivity, disturbance, and ecosystem size on food
... extinctions differs from many metapopulation scenarios, where extinctions arise in small populations due to demographic stochasticity, even in constant environments. When disturbance hits a local population, the population goes extinct with a certain probability. If we assume that these disturbances ...
... extinctions differs from many metapopulation scenarios, where extinctions arise in small populations due to demographic stochasticity, even in constant environments. When disturbance hits a local population, the population goes extinct with a certain probability. If we assume that these disturbances ...
Amphibians as Models for Studying Environmental Change
... addition, studies on amphibian declines have provided insight into the complexity in which multiple independent factors may interact with one another to produce catastrophic and sometimes unpredictable effects. Because of the complexity of these problems, amphibian ecologists have been among the str ...
... addition, studies on amphibian declines have provided insight into the complexity in which multiple independent factors may interact with one another to produce catastrophic and sometimes unpredictable effects. Because of the complexity of these problems, amphibian ecologists have been among the str ...
3337 CBD Synthesis.indd - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... Biodiversity contributes to security, resiliency, social relations, health, and freedom of choices and actions. ...
... Biodiversity contributes to security, resiliency, social relations, health, and freedom of choices and actions. ...
The Decimation of Endemic Hawaiian Tree
... Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui St., Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 SYNOPSIS. Endemic terrestrial tree snails of the Hawai'ian Islands, like those of other oceanic islands and even some continental areas, are extremely sensitive to disturbance because of their low population numbers ...
... Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui St., Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 SYNOPSIS. Endemic terrestrial tree snails of the Hawai'ian Islands, like those of other oceanic islands and even some continental areas, are extremely sensitive to disturbance because of their low population numbers ...
Spatial dynamics of mutualistic interactions
... 1. I present a model of mutualistic interactions in a patchy landscape. The interaction is between two species that differ in their mobility. The landscape is spatially structured, with several localities interconnected by dispersal of the mobile mutualist. 2. Within a given locality, an Allee effec ...
... 1. I present a model of mutualistic interactions in a patchy landscape. The interaction is between two species that differ in their mobility. The landscape is spatially structured, with several localities interconnected by dispersal of the mobile mutualist. 2. Within a given locality, an Allee effec ...
desert bighorn sheep of new mexico
... The goal of the PHVA is to assist the recovery of New Mexico’s desert bighorn sheep. Agency representatives, researchers, sportsmen, landowners and other interested parties are invited to collaboratively analyze the available information (much of which will be gathered before the workshop) and devel ...
... The goal of the PHVA is to assist the recovery of New Mexico’s desert bighorn sheep. Agency representatives, researchers, sportsmen, landowners and other interested parties are invited to collaboratively analyze the available information (much of which will be gathered before the workshop) and devel ...
TERSANE Summer School 2016
... 10:20-12:30h: Biodiversity dynamics in deep time I (Michael Foote) 14:00-17:00h: Biodiversity dynamics in deep time II (Michael Foote) ...
... 10:20-12:30h: Biodiversity dynamics in deep time I (Michael Foote) 14:00-17:00h: Biodiversity dynamics in deep time II (Michael Foote) ...
2008
... increasing in western United States landscapes in response to rapidly growing human populations. However, their spatial effects have not been evaluated. Our goal was to model the human footprint across the western United States. We first delineated the actual area occupied by anthropogenic features, ...
... increasing in western United States landscapes in response to rapidly growing human populations. However, their spatial effects have not been evaluated. Our goal was to model the human footprint across the western United States. We first delineated the actual area occupied by anthropogenic features, ...
pdf here
... These include indirect effects through changes in the landscape in which predator and prey interact, and direct effects on the behaviour of predator and prey. Landscape features, particularly vegetation structure, are the main determinants of spatial patterns of predation, hunting success and the re ...
... These include indirect effects through changes in the landscape in which predator and prey interact, and direct effects on the behaviour of predator and prey. Landscape features, particularly vegetation structure, are the main determinants of spatial patterns of predation, hunting success and the re ...
Comparative size evolution of marine clades from the Late Permian
... reduction among species than any other interval. For most higher taxa, maximum and median size among species decreased dramatically from the latest Permian (Changhsingian) to the earliest Triassic (Induan), and then increased during Olenekian (late Early Triassic) and Anisian (early Middle Triassic) ...
... reduction among species than any other interval. For most higher taxa, maximum and median size among species decreased dramatically from the latest Permian (Changhsingian) to the earliest Triassic (Induan), and then increased during Olenekian (late Early Triassic) and Anisian (early Middle Triassic) ...
E4ects of Habitat Destruction and Resource
... destruction on a predator}prey interaction. The model complements and extends earlier work published by Bascompte and SoleH (1998, J. theor. Biol. 195, 383}393) in that it also permits use of alternative prey (i.e., resource supplementation) by predators. The current model is stable whenever coexist ...
... destruction on a predator}prey interaction. The model complements and extends earlier work published by Bascompte and SoleH (1998, J. theor. Biol. 195, 383}393) in that it also permits use of alternative prey (i.e., resource supplementation) by predators. The current model is stable whenever coexist ...
Genetic Diversity
... destruction lead to loss of biodiversity. • For example: – In Wisconsin, prairie occupies <0.1% of its original area – About 93% of coral reefs have been damaged by human activities Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... destruction lead to loss of biodiversity. • For example: – In Wisconsin, prairie occupies <0.1% of its original area – About 93% of coral reefs have been damaged by human activities Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Slide 1
... How does natural environmental change affect ecosystem stability? 1. Fires, heavy storms, and natural climate change can cause major changes in local populations of plants and animals. 2. A decline in natural biodiversity can make an ecosystem less stable. ...
... How does natural environmental change affect ecosystem stability? 1. Fires, heavy storms, and natural climate change can cause major changes in local populations of plants and animals. 2. A decline in natural biodiversity can make an ecosystem less stable. ...
The role of metapopulations in conservation
... compositional, structural and functional attributes at four levels of ecosystem organization: landscapes, communities, species and genes (Noss 1990). A biodiversity objective for wild dogs that may be especially difficult to achieve in a small reserve is to restore their ecological role as predator. ...
... compositional, structural and functional attributes at four levels of ecosystem organization: landscapes, communities, species and genes (Noss 1990). A biodiversity objective for wild dogs that may be especially difficult to achieve in a small reserve is to restore their ecological role as predator. ...
Bio-Diversity, Extinction, and Incentives to Save/Exterminate Species
... http://www.perc.org/articles/article900.php When they complete the article the following questions are to be discussed Describe how successful solutions for maintaining the integrity of natural systems must also address the needs of local people and should include those local communities in the plan ...
... http://www.perc.org/articles/article900.php When they complete the article the following questions are to be discussed Describe how successful solutions for maintaining the integrity of natural systems must also address the needs of local people and should include those local communities in the plan ...
The Extinction of Endemic Species by a Program of
... have been particularly well stud ied. In an attempt to control the numbers of the giant African snail, Achatina fulica, which is an agricultural pest, a carnivorous snail, Euglandina rosea ; has been introduced into Moorea. It is spreading across the island at the rate ofabout 1.2 km per year, elimi ...
... have been particularly well stud ied. In an attempt to control the numbers of the giant African snail, Achatina fulica, which is an agricultural pest, a carnivorous snail, Euglandina rosea ; has been introduced into Moorea. It is spreading across the island at the rate ofabout 1.2 km per year, elimi ...
Evolution and the latitudinal diversity gradient
... generating the current latitudinal diversity gradient. However, while the Earth’s environment was predominantly tropical up to c. 45 Ma, average species durations are in the range of 10–15 Myr (Stanley 1985). Thus, few of the species that comprise the current latitudinal diversity gradient likely ar ...
... generating the current latitudinal diversity gradient. However, while the Earth’s environment was predominantly tropical up to c. 45 Ma, average species durations are in the range of 10–15 Myr (Stanley 1985). Thus, few of the species that comprise the current latitudinal diversity gradient likely ar ...
ECOLOGICAL MECHANISMS LINKING PROTECTED AREAS TO
... construction, conversion for agriculture, and demand for natural resources are leading to clearing of primary forest around reserves (Mustard et al. 2004) and increased hunting of native species (Escamilla et al. 2000). DeFries et al. (2005) found that 66% of 198 reserves in the humid tropics had un ...
... construction, conversion for agriculture, and demand for natural resources are leading to clearing of primary forest around reserves (Mustard et al. 2004) and increased hunting of native species (Escamilla et al. 2000). DeFries et al. (2005) found that 66% of 198 reserves in the humid tropics had un ...
Holocene extinction
The Holocene extinction, sometimes called the Sixth Extinction, is a name proposed to describe the currently ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BCE) mainly due to human activity. The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and arthropods. Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year.The Holocene extinction includes the disappearance of large mammals known as megafauna, starting between 9,000 and 13,000 years ago, the end of the last Ice Age. This may have been due to the extinction of the mammoths whose habits had maintained grasslands which became birch forests without them. The new forest and the resulting forest fires may have induced climate change. Such disappearances might be the result of the proliferation of modern humans. These extinctions, occurring near the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary, are sometimes referred to as the Quaternary extinction event. The Holocene extinction continues into the 21st century.There is no general agreement on whether to consider this as part of the Quaternary extinction event, or as a distinct event resulting from human-caused changes. Only during the most recent parts of the extinction have plants also suffered large losses. Overall, the Holocene extinction can be characterized by the human impact on the environment.