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Insertion of liver enriched transcription
... (EBV)-based vector, p706. The results of transfection revealed that unexpectedly the HNF-4 binding sites in these constructs act as a repressor rather than enhancer of the liver-specific expression of the luciferase gene. Key words: Liver, transcription-factor-HNF-4, simian virus (Sv40), vector ...
... (EBV)-based vector, p706. The results of transfection revealed that unexpectedly the HNF-4 binding sites in these constructs act as a repressor rather than enhancer of the liver-specific expression of the luciferase gene. Key words: Liver, transcription-factor-HNF-4, simian virus (Sv40), vector ...
in plant physiology
... Chloroplasts are believed to have arisen from an endosymbiotic event between a photosynthetic cyanobacterium and the ancestral eukaryotic cell. Although chloroplasts of modern plants and algae have retained the genome of the symbiont, that genome has markedly shrunk over endosymbiotic evolution. Man ...
... Chloroplasts are believed to have arisen from an endosymbiotic event between a photosynthetic cyanobacterium and the ancestral eukaryotic cell. Although chloroplasts of modern plants and algae have retained the genome of the symbiont, that genome has markedly shrunk over endosymbiotic evolution. Man ...
The Making of the Fittest: Evolving Switches, Evolving Bodies
... transcription to familiarize themselves with the molecular components and mechanisms responsible for regulating gene transcription. They will then create models showing how Pitx1 gene transcription is regulated in two morphologically different populations of stickleback fish. KEY CONCEPTS AND LEARNI ...
... transcription to familiarize themselves with the molecular components and mechanisms responsible for regulating gene transcription. They will then create models showing how Pitx1 gene transcription is regulated in two morphologically different populations of stickleback fish. KEY CONCEPTS AND LEARNI ...
Transcription - Faculty Web Pages
... • Must all genes encode a protein? • What are the different classes of RNA and their functions? • If an mRNA is translated in the 5’ 3’ direction, which DNA strand is therefore the coding or template strand for the gene? If RNA were made off of the other DNA strand, would it code for protein? • In ...
... • Must all genes encode a protein? • What are the different classes of RNA and their functions? • If an mRNA is translated in the 5’ 3’ direction, which DNA strand is therefore the coding or template strand for the gene? If RNA were made off of the other DNA strand, would it code for protein? • In ...
lecture05_11
... – TF binding motifs are usually 6 – 20 nucleotides long – Usually located near target gene, mostly upstream the transcription start site ...
... – TF binding motifs are usually 6 – 20 nucleotides long – Usually located near target gene, mostly upstream the transcription start site ...
-Chain Gene Promoter ζ Antigen Receptor Elf
... described (11, 31). Relative luciferase activity was calculated as the luciferase activity of the indicated constructs normalized to an empty vector control (pGL-2 Basic) as described previously (11). ...
... described (11, 31). Relative luciferase activity was calculated as the luciferase activity of the indicated constructs normalized to an empty vector control (pGL-2 Basic) as described previously (11). ...
Gene - CS273a
... 1. The machine that transcribes (“RNA polymerase”) 2. All kinds of proteins and ncRNAs that bind to DNA and to each other to attract or repel the RNA polymerase (“transcription associated factors”). 3. DNA accessibility – making DNA stretches in/accessible to the RNA polymerase and/or transcription ...
... 1. The machine that transcribes (“RNA polymerase”) 2. All kinds of proteins and ncRNAs that bind to DNA and to each other to attract or repel the RNA polymerase (“transcription associated factors”). 3. DNA accessibility – making DNA stretches in/accessible to the RNA polymerase and/or transcription ...
Transcription
... polymerase is necessary for promoter recognition and binding of RNA polymerase to the promotor Different s subunits allow recognition of different types of promoters thus the type of genes transcribed can be modulated by altering the types of s subunits which attach to RNA polymerase ©2000 Timothy G ...
... polymerase is necessary for promoter recognition and binding of RNA polymerase to the promotor Different s subunits allow recognition of different types of promoters thus the type of genes transcribed can be modulated by altering the types of s subunits which attach to RNA polymerase ©2000 Timothy G ...
Interplay between the transcription factors acting on
... Uga3 and Dal81 interact with UGA genes in a GABA-dependent manner, and that they depend on each other for the interaction with their target promoters and the transcriptional activation. The typical DNA-binding domain Zn(II)2-Cys6 of Dal81 is unnecessary for its activity and Uga3 acts as a bridge bet ...
... Uga3 and Dal81 interact with UGA genes in a GABA-dependent manner, and that they depend on each other for the interaction with their target promoters and the transcriptional activation. The typical DNA-binding domain Zn(II)2-Cys6 of Dal81 is unnecessary for its activity and Uga3 acts as a bridge bet ...
Biology 6B
... How serious would each one probably be? How would mutations in the regulator gene affect the operon? How would mutations in the structural genes affect the operon? Which mutations would potentially have the greatest effect on the ability of the bacterium to survive? 4. Tryptophan levels in the cell ...
... How serious would each one probably be? How would mutations in the regulator gene affect the operon? How would mutations in the structural genes affect the operon? Which mutations would potentially have the greatest effect on the ability of the bacterium to survive? 4. Tryptophan levels in the cell ...
Cooperation between upstream and downstream
... only after the onset of DNA replication. Using a cellfree transcription system which mimics the late phase induction of the MLP and DNA binding assays, we now present evidence showing that maximal stimulation also depends on the MLP upstream element (UE), without Involving increased DNA binding acti ...
... only after the onset of DNA replication. Using a cellfree transcription system which mimics the late phase induction of the MLP and DNA binding assays, we now present evidence showing that maximal stimulation also depends on the MLP upstream element (UE), without Involving increased DNA binding acti ...
Document
... Also have a problem of packing all of the DNA into the nucleus o Chromatin structure in eukaryotes limits accessibility because it is so tightly packed. How can you turn a gene on if it is so tightly packed? Three RNA polymerases (instead of just the single one in prokaryotes) Eukaryote pre-mR ...
... Also have a problem of packing all of the DNA into the nucleus o Chromatin structure in eukaryotes limits accessibility because it is so tightly packed. How can you turn a gene on if it is so tightly packed? Three RNA polymerases (instead of just the single one in prokaryotes) Eukaryote pre-mR ...
... Regulation of gene expression is an essential mechanism that allows bacteria to rapidly adapt to alterations in their environment. In this way, they preserve energy and profit by expressing particular genes only when required. Gene expression in bacteria is regulated primarily at the level of transc ...
Chapter 11 Powerpoint
... • Transcription cannot proceed until the pre-initiation complex has been constructed at the promoter • Construction of the pre-initiation complex is a stepwise recruitment process that eventually brings in RNA pol II • Multiple transcription factors are involved, know them and their functions • The ...
... • Transcription cannot proceed until the pre-initiation complex has been constructed at the promoter • Construction of the pre-initiation complex is a stepwise recruitment process that eventually brings in RNA pol II • Multiple transcription factors are involved, know them and their functions • The ...
Mixed questions
... 13. Allosteric effectors tend to resemble the substrate or products involved in the reactions that they effect. True or false and explain. 14. How do positive and negative allosteric effectors differ? 15. Describe feedback inhibition and give an example where this mechanism is involved in the regul ...
... 13. Allosteric effectors tend to resemble the substrate or products involved in the reactions that they effect. True or false and explain. 14. How do positive and negative allosteric effectors differ? 15. Describe feedback inhibition and give an example where this mechanism is involved in the regul ...
Cloning and characterization in Escherichia coli of the gene
... suggested that these genes were transcribed as a single mRNA. To our knowledge, this is the ¢rst instance where the gene for the principal sigma factor forms an operon with a methylase gene. The amino acid sequence of the putative methylase had motifs for adenine-speci¢c methylases, suggesting the p ...
... suggested that these genes were transcribed as a single mRNA. To our knowledge, this is the ¢rst instance where the gene for the principal sigma factor forms an operon with a methylase gene. The amino acid sequence of the putative methylase had motifs for adenine-speci¢c methylases, suggesting the p ...
protein synthesis overview
... • A TYPE OF ENZYME THAT CATALYZES THE ATTACHMENT OF AN AMINO ACID TO ITS tRNA • EACH OF THE 20 A.A. HAS A SPECIFIC AMINOACYLtRNA SYNTHETASE • IN AN ENDERGONIC REACTION DRIVEN BY THE HYDROLYSIS OF ATP, A SYNTHETASE ATTACHES AN A.A. TO ITS tRNA IN 2 STEPS: – 1)ACTIVATION OF THE A.A. WITH AMP – 2) ATTA ...
... • A TYPE OF ENZYME THAT CATALYZES THE ATTACHMENT OF AN AMINO ACID TO ITS tRNA • EACH OF THE 20 A.A. HAS A SPECIFIC AMINOACYLtRNA SYNTHETASE • IN AN ENDERGONIC REACTION DRIVEN BY THE HYDROLYSIS OF ATP, A SYNTHETASE ATTACHES AN A.A. TO ITS tRNA IN 2 STEPS: – 1)ACTIVATION OF THE A.A. WITH AMP – 2) ATTA ...
1 - KOCW
... The four types of histone are homologous and similar in structure An histone octomer consists of a (H3)2(H4)2 tetramer and a pair of H2A-H2B dimers to form a left-handed superhelical ramp around which the DNA wraps. Each histone has an flexible N-terminal tail rich in Lys and Arg that extends out fr ...
... The four types of histone are homologous and similar in structure An histone octomer consists of a (H3)2(H4)2 tetramer and a pair of H2A-H2B dimers to form a left-handed superhelical ramp around which the DNA wraps. Each histone has an flexible N-terminal tail rich in Lys and Arg that extends out fr ...
Powerpoint Slides
... It uses a complex of EF-Tu•GDP•AA-tRNA•mRNA•Ribosome to test the codonanticodon interaction via a conformational change that stresses this interaction. • EF-Tu•GTP•AA-tRNA binds the A-site with a strained anitcodon stem-loop • Anticodon-codon interactions in the A-site induce EF-Tu’s hydrolysis of G ...
... It uses a complex of EF-Tu•GDP•AA-tRNA•mRNA•Ribosome to test the codonanticodon interaction via a conformational change that stresses this interaction. • EF-Tu•GTP•AA-tRNA binds the A-site with a strained anitcodon stem-loop • Anticodon-codon interactions in the A-site induce EF-Tu’s hydrolysis of G ...
ch 17
... facilitates binding of the ribosome to the ER and entry of the synthesizing protein into the ER where it can then proceed to the Golgi apparatus via a transport vesicle ...
... facilitates binding of the ribosome to the ER and entry of the synthesizing protein into the ER where it can then proceed to the Golgi apparatus via a transport vesicle ...
Scanned by CamScanner
... ETS transcription factors. Even though the primary amino acid sequence is different, ELF3 has been shown to function quite similarly to the ETS domains of ETS-1 and ETS-2. In addition to a functionally conserved ETS domain, ELF3 contains two other regions required for its function. The first is the ...
... ETS transcription factors. Even though the primary amino acid sequence is different, ELF3 has been shown to function quite similarly to the ETS domains of ETS-1 and ETS-2. In addition to a functionally conserved ETS domain, ELF3 contains two other regions required for its function. The first is the ...
Foundations of Biology - Geoscience Research Institute
... polymerase is necessary for promoter recognition and binding of RNA polymerase to the promotor Different s subunits allow recognition of different types of promoters; thus the type of genes transcribed can be modulated by altering the types of s subunits which attach to RNA polymerase ©2000 Timothy ...
... polymerase is necessary for promoter recognition and binding of RNA polymerase to the promotor Different s subunits allow recognition of different types of promoters; thus the type of genes transcribed can be modulated by altering the types of s subunits which attach to RNA polymerase ©2000 Timothy ...
In GAS, we have identified four Rgg regulators (Rgg1
... in our lab. Taken together, we have proven the concept that Rgg proteins are central to a previously unidentified quorum sensing paradigm. We expect this paradigm to be true for all other Gram-positive bacteria that contain Rgg proteins (nearly all sequenced genomes from these bacteria contain rgg g ...
... in our lab. Taken together, we have proven the concept that Rgg proteins are central to a previously unidentified quorum sensing paradigm. We expect this paradigm to be true for all other Gram-positive bacteria that contain Rgg proteins (nearly all sequenced genomes from these bacteria contain rgg g ...
Transcription factor
In molecular biology and genetics, a transcription factor (sometimes called a sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA. Transcription factors perform this function alone or with other proteins in a complex, by promoting (as an activator), or blocking (as a repressor) the recruitment of RNA polymerase (the enzyme that performs the transcription of genetic information from DNA to RNA) to specific genes.A defining feature of transcription factors is that they contain one or more DNA-binding domains (DBDs), which attach to specific sequences of DNA adjacent to the genes that they regulate. Additional proteins such as coactivators, chromatin remodelers, histone acetylases, deacetylases, kinases, and methylases, while also playing crucial roles in gene regulation, lack DNA-binding domains, and, therefore, are not classified as transcription factors.