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View - Max-Planck
View - Max-Planck

... the 1784-bp BamHI cDNA fragment. In situ hybridization and histology of whole embryos was performed as described, except that specimens from all stages were treated with proteinase K (Pera and Kessel 1997; Stein and Kessel 1995; Lemaire et al. 1997). The first, low transcript levels were detected in ...
Li, H., and Baker, B. S.
Li, H., and Baker, B. S.

... in the regulation of Sxl. See text for descriptions of other genes in the hierarchy. Arrows indicate positive regulation, bars indicate negative regulation. ...
Transition bias and substitution models
Transition bias and substitution models

... Methylation and Gene Regulation ...
X-adrenoleukodystrophy
X-adrenoleukodystrophy

... The lifetime of a mouse in the lab can be up to about two and a half years. In previous studies, it was found that mice do not develop any pathological symptoms until at least the age of 6 months (Pujol et al., 2002). In light of these facts, any experiments conducted on the lab mice should be done ...
DNA-guided genome editing using the
DNA-guided genome editing using the

... • Plating for more isolates that can utilize cellulose ...
File
File

... expression ON. The active activator binds Z (or its derivative) and this complex is inactive as an activator; thus the Z operon is OFF when Z is in the medium. (b) The r gene is both cis- and trans-acting. This is deduced from the observation that the enzymes specified by both Z operon copies in str ...
Download paper (PDF format)
Download paper (PDF format)

... cluster of genes or between clusters? What is the nature of the interaction between genes (e.g does gene A inhibit gene B)? To infer such finer relations from perturbed gene expression profiles we use the framework of Friedman et al. (2000). In this framework, we treat the measured expression level ...
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of

... subfields in the hippocampus, where spatial encoding is processed, in several ways. It decreases the number of pyramidal neurons (16, 17, 21) and spines (26), and it decreases the amount of synaptic formation (18) and neurotrophic receptor expression (16). The function of the affected neurons is als ...
Press Release: The 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Press Release: The 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

... development. For more than a year the two scientists sat opposite each other examining Drosophila embryos resulting from genetic crosses of mutant Drosophila strains. They were able to identify 15 different genes which, if mutated, would cause defects in segmentation. The genes could be classified w ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... Following this breakage, it is assumed that dissociation of the chains would occur over the length of the gene. A cycle of 6 steps is then postulated for the matching of each slave in turn against the master, namely: (1) breakage of the complementary chain of the slave at the terminus (non-operator) ...
journals - the biopsychology research group
journals - the biopsychology research group

... complex packaging of DNA into chromatin and chromosomes is maintained by the histone proteins. Consequently, the histone proteins are integral to the regulation of access to the DNA sequence and therefore the expression of genes maintained within these structures. Modifications of histone proteins c ...
Chapter 5
Chapter 5

... other for the C region (constant region) - these two genes must come together at the DNA level to form a continuous message that can be transcribed and translated into a single Ig heavy or light chain - their theory was essentially proven correct in time ...
Appendix: Fusion Gene Plasmid Construction
Appendix: Fusion Gene Plasmid Construction

... containing promoter sequence from -911 to + 3, in the pCAT(An) expression vector, has been previously described (3). This plasmid was digested with BamH I and Bgl II to remove the IGRP promoter sequence between -911 and -508. A fragment of the IGRP gene promoter from -1342 to -508 was isolated from ...
Dosage compensation: do birds do it as well?
Dosage compensation: do birds do it as well?

... genes. However, recent data suggest the opposite, indicating that male and female birds might demonstrate similar levels of expression of Z-linked genes. If they do, the equalization between the sexes is probably not achieved by inactivation of one of the male Z chromosomes. Other possible mechanism ...
Maternal control of early mouse development
Maternal control of early mouse development

... activation of the embryonic genome, which is essential for the development of the embryo beyond two cells. A common phenotype among mouse embryos with mutations in maternal-effect genes is arrested progression during cleavage-stage embryogenesis, which indicates that the transcription and translatio ...
slides
slides

... • Sequence preferences is over-ridden by nucleosome remodeling complexes which move them to new locations whenever needed. • Opposing view: the remodeling complexes only enable the nucleosomes to sample rapidly alternative positions and therefore compete efficiently with DNA binding proteins. They d ...
Abnormalities of epidermal differentiation associated with
Abnormalities of epidermal differentiation associated with

... indicate the positionsof the viral ORFs. The extent of the expectedfulllength primary transcript from the keratin promoterto the early region poly(A)site of the virus is shownin the lowerpart of the figure,together with spliced RNAs referred to in the text. HPV transcripts, perhaps due to the observ ...
ppt - people.vcu.edu
ppt - people.vcu.edu

... different samples. Expression levels for each gene are normalized across the samples such that the mean is 0 and the standard deviation is 1. Expression levels greater than the mean are shaded in red, and those below the mean are shaded in blue. The scale indicates standard deviations above or below ...
Hox Genes in Development and Disease – Lecture 2
Hox Genes in Development and Disease – Lecture 2

... One of the most interesting ones is Pax-6, which encodes the human Aniridia gene. Pax-6 is the sixth member of a family of homeobox genes related to Drosophila paired. Aniridia is a human mutation in which the iris is lost and the retina is hypoplastic in heterozygotes (OMIM # 106210). In homozygote ...
genes, pseudogenes, deletions, insertion elements and DNA islands
genes, pseudogenes, deletions, insertion elements and DNA islands

... CopcB was also sequenced from chromosomal PCR products from strains Z2491, FA1090 and FAM18 (Fig. 2). The map locations of the opcA and CopcB regions were determined by hybridizing opcA and CopcB probes from each species to Southern blots of chromosomal DNA that had been digested with rare-cutting r ...
Regional DNA Hypermethylation at D17S5
Regional DNA Hypermethylation at D17S5

... seen in the tumors which have lost I7p alÃ-eles(Fig. 2), indicated by hybridization at >20 kilobases, and no other lower-molecular-weight bands. Samples 3-5 have hybridization at >20 kilobases but also exhibit abnormal bands of 8.0 kilobases. Samples 6-K) exhibit hypermethylated Noti fragments betwe ...
Homeotic selector genes
Homeotic selector genes

... • many HOM-C genes have autoregulatory binding sites in their promoters – but positive feedback, in itself, is insufficient to maintain memory without other factors – another group of genes, the Polycomb group, are required to repress homeotic selector genes that should not be expressed in a particu ...
fgdfgdgsty - Latvijas universitāte
fgdfgdgsty - Latvijas universitāte

... Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are major nosocomial pathogens known by their ability to form biofilm on the surfaces of foreign bodies introduced (implanted) into the organism. The accumulative phase of biofilm formation is linked to the production of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (P ...
Bcmb625-XistPaper-26apr07clp
Bcmb625-XistPaper-26apr07clp

... - Is fluorescence an accurate enough measure of transcriptional state? - What about the converse experiment express just the A-repeat region… - Experiments using truncations of the delta-A construct…. - Does the Xist domain co-localize with the nuclear structure components? - What is the nature of ...
Insertion of liver enriched transcription
Insertion of liver enriched transcription

... hepatocytes. It belongs to the zinc-finger family. It is a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily (3). HNF-4 contains two transactivation domains, designated activation function-1 (AF-1) and activation function-2 (AF-2), which activate transcription in a cell type-independent manner. Del ...
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Epigenetics in learning and memory

While the cellular and molecular mechanisms of learning and memory have long been a central focus of neuroscience, it is only in recent years that attention has turned to the epigenetic mechanisms behind the dynamic changes in gene transcription responsible for memory formation and maintenance. Epigenetic gene regulation often involves the physical marking (chemical modification) of DNA or associated proteins to cause or allow long-lasting changes in gene activity. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications (methylation, acetylation, and deacetylation) have been shown to play an important role in learning and memory.
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