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The nucleic acids - faculty at Chemeketa
The nucleic acids - faculty at Chemeketa

... • DNA in the nucleus of the cell directs the sythesis of an RNA molecule. – The RNA will carry the sequence of amines found on a particular portion of the DNA • Only a portion of a DNA strand is used to make any given RNA. • There needs to be a way to start and stop transcription. • The DNA has syst ...
chapter 7 mutation and repair of dna
chapter 7 mutation and repair of dna

... Question 7.5. Both hypoxanthine and xanthine can base pair with cytosine in DNA. Why is this? Oxidation of C to U occurs spontaneously at a high rate. The frequency is such that 1 in 1000 Cs in the human genome would become Us during a lifetime, if they were not repaired. As will be discussed later, ...
SEQUENCE ANALYSIS - Indian Agricultural Statistics
SEQUENCE ANALYSIS - Indian Agricultural Statistics

... • Homology designates a qualitative relationship of common descent between entities • Two genes are either homologs or not ! ‾ It doesn’t make sense to say “two genes are 43% homologous” ‾ It doesn’t make sense to say “John is 43% diabetic” Two genes are orthologs if they originated from single ance ...
Significance of multiple mutations in cancer
Significance of multiple mutations in cancer

... There is increasing evidence that in eukaryotic cells, DNA undergoes continuous damage, repair and resynthesis. A homeostatic equilibrium exists in which extensive DNA damage is counterbalanced by multiple pathways for DNA repair. In normal cells, most DNA damage is repaired without error. However, ...
Leukaemia Section t(3;7)(q26;q21) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Leukaemia Section t(3;7)(q26;q21) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

... the fusion gene AML1 / MDS1 /EVI1 in CML-BC, or MDS or as part of the fusion gene ETV6 /MDS1/EVI1 in AML with t(3;12) translocation. EVI1 is also involved in other translocations such as t(2;3)(p13;q26), t(2;3)(q23;q26), t(3;17)(q26;q22) and t(3;13)(q26;q13-14). Other studies have reported abnormal ...
Chpt7_RepairDNA.doc
Chpt7_RepairDNA.doc

... Question 7.5. Both hypoxanthine and xanthine can base pair with cytosine in DNA. Why is this? Oxidation of C to U occurs spontaneously at a high rate. The frequency is such that 1 in 1000 Cs in the human genome would become Us during a lifetime, if they were not repaired. As will be discussed later, ...
[ 19] Saccharomyces Genome Database - SGD-Wiki
[ 19] Saccharomyces Genome Database - SGD-Wiki

... the locus on the genetic and physical maps; and links to information about the locus in other databases. The assembled resources available for a locus include links to the scientific literature (SGD's Literature Guide, a PubMed search for that locus name, and a curator-composed Gene Summary if avail ...
Saccharomyces Genome Database.
Saccharomyces Genome Database.

... the locus on the genetic and physical maps; and links to information about the locus in other databases. The assembled resources available for a locus include links to the scientific literature (SGD's Literature Guide, a PubMed search for that locus name, and a curator-composed Gene Summary if avail ...
Rapid detection of most frequent Slovenian germ
Rapid detection of most frequent Slovenian germ

... cycles) using specific primers described in Table 1. Beside specific primers, the specific hybridization probes conjugated with LC Red640 (Light Cycler Red 640 fluorescent dye) were added to the mastermix. At the end of PCR reaction, the melting curve analysis was performed through heating the mix t ...
Ch11_lecture - Dr Owen class material
Ch11_lecture - Dr Owen class material

...  Changes in the sequence of DNA nucleotide bases as a result of replication errors, ultraviolet light, chemicals, and many other environmental factors are called mutations. • Sometimes during DNA replication, an incorrect pair of nucleotides is incorporated into the growing DNA double helix. • This ...
11.4 How Is The Information In A Gene
11.4 How Is The Information In A Gene

...  Changes in the sequence of DNA nucleotide bases as a result of replication errors, ultraviolet light, chemicals, and many other environmental factors are called mutations. • Sometimes during DNA replication, an incorrect pair of nucleotides is incorporated into the growing DNA double helix. • This ...
Microbial diversity and virulence probing of five different body sites
Microbial diversity and virulence probing of five different body sites

... Hierarchical Clustering across Metagenomes by COG Compare Genomes Genome Clustering, Correlation Matrix Select metagenomes of interest Clustering method: Hierarchical Function: COG Display: Phylogram showing distribution of metagenomes ...
Notes 1 DNA and RNA
Notes 1 DNA and RNA

... PROKARYOTE PLASMID: If the prokaryote has a second circular chromosome carrying a DNA sequence that is superfluous to the existence of the organism then it is called a plasmid. Some prokaryotes, have more than plasmid, which can be either a copy of the first or be composed of a different DNA sequenc ...
Conditions for gene disruption by homologous
Conditions for gene disruption by homologous

... cells reached an OD600nm of about 0.4 after 7 to 14 days. Subsequently, cells were spread on lactose and tryptone plates and sprayed with 5 mg ml –1 X-gal after 7 days of growth. As shown in Table 1, in only two of the tested conditions were blue colonies obtained, indicating the presence of lacS in ...
doc
doc

... questions, are left. Indicate answer selection by highlighting in green (Yellow does not show) Note on Late Quizzes: Late quizzes are an inconvenience and cannot be accepted at all after the answers have been released. If your quiz is submitted within the first 12 hours after the deadline, you will ...
Advanced Topics in STR DNA Analysis
Advanced Topics in STR DNA Analysis

... Therefore, the suspect cannot be excluded as the donor of the • stain. On the basis of this DNA evidence, I can also not exclude all paternally related male relatives of the suspect as possible donors of this stain. ...
Doubling Down on Genomes: Polyploidy and Crop Plants
Doubling Down on Genomes: Polyploidy and Crop Plants

... Fig. 1. A representative phylogeny of land plants with emphasis on crop species. Colored diamonds are used to indicate the placement of whole genome duplications (some WGDs, depicted as single instances, may be several sequential events, e.g., cotton sextuplication), with each having a corresponding ...
Transcription response in the TGF-beta pathway Francisco Manuel
Transcription response in the TGF-beta pathway Francisco Manuel

... the advent of next­generation sequencing technologies have lead ChIP assays to the next frontier. ChIP­seq: next generation ChIP assays The so called next­generation sequencing machines are machines capable of producing tens to hundreds  of millions of short sequence reads during a single instrument ...
Rare genomic changes and mitochondrial sequences
Rare genomic changes and mitochondrial sequences

... useful attributes, there are limits on which genes or gene regions are useful. In part, this depends on the divergence times of the taxa used in the analysis. The rate of evolution in mitochondrial genes tends to be more rapid than in many nuclear loci, and therefore mt gene comparisons tend to show ...
The role of the SRY gene in determing sex.
The role of the SRY gene in determing sex.

... The female determining factors.  R-Spondin 1 (Rspo 1) and The Wnt/β-Catenin pathway.  Rspo 1 was found to increase in expression in XX ...
Competition between Transposable Elements
Competition between Transposable Elements

... tations have beneficial effects. However, the fact that they occasionally play important roles in adaptive evolution (Cooper et al. 2001; Schneider and Lenski 2004; Chou et al. 2009) does not imply that they have been directly selected to enhance the rate of evolutionary adaptation (Lynch 2007). Spe ...
Adenosine triphosphatases of thermophilic
Adenosine triphosphatases of thermophilic

... might work in dsRNA viruses [10,32,33]. However, the genome packaging mechanisms of icosahedrally-ordered dsDNA viruses lacking a connector or tail are poorly characterized. Current understanding is based primarily on what is known about the genome packaging ATPase P9 of bacteriophage PRD1 which ste ...
Chapter 12
Chapter 12

... Chapter 12 - DNA Technology and the Human Genome How can we use bacteria to manipulate DNA and protein? Recall how a bacterium defends itself when a bacteriophage injects its DNA into a bacterium… The bacterium has enzymes called restriction enzymes that attempt to cut up the bacteriophage DNA befo ...
Bacterial DNA - Skills Commons
Bacterial DNA - Skills Commons

... • There are various manufacturers and vendors of restriction enzymes • Popular manufacturer is New England Biolabs®, Inc. • The NEB web site has several tools that may be helpful in analyzing a DNA sequence for restriction sites and designing restriction enzyme digest. ...
Things to know for the Final - Mercer Island School District
Things to know for the Final - Mercer Island School District

... Be able to compare and contrast mRNA and tRNA Be able to explain translation, including where it occurs, what is produced, what molecules are involved and the overall process. Biotechnology (Chapter 9) Be able to define recombinant DNA. Be able to explain how restriction enzymes are used to produce ...
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Helitron (biology)

A helitron is a transposon found in eukaryotes that is thought to replicate by a so-called ""rolling-circle"" mechanism. This category of transposons was discovered by Vladimir Kapitonov and Jerzy Jurka in 2001. The rolling-circle process begins with a break being made at the terminus of a single strand of the helitron DNA. Transposase then sits at this break and at another break where the helitron targets as a migration site. The strand is then displaced from its original location at the site of the break and attached to the target break, forming a circlular heteroduplex. This heteroduplex is then resolved into a flat piece of DNA via replication. During the rolling-circle process, DNA can be replicated beyond the initial helitron sequence, resulting in the flanking regions of DNA being ""captured"" by the helitron as it moves to a new location.
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