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Biochemistry
Biochemistry

...  To understand how we classify vertebrates based on their physical traits and genes (Semester 1).  To understand the process of protein synthesis and how proteins affect the physical traits of an organism.  To understand how biotechnology can be used to further our understanding of vertebrate evo ...
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... ten boys had normal levels of functioning T cells; but 30 months later, two had developed a type of cancer characterized by unchecked growth of T cells. • Although gene therapy holds great promise for the treatment of a wide variety of inherited diseases, fulfilling that promise is almost certain to ...
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... 3. Describe how the active and inactive forms of a repressor are modulated in an inducible vs. a repressible system. 4. What is the difference between negative control and positive control? 5. Briefly describe the structure of DNA binding proteins. 6. Describe the dual control of the lac operon. 7. ...
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... terminating the translation prematurely leading to nonfunctional proteins 3. Insertions and Deletions- additions or loses of nucleotide pairs in a gene -> have disastrous results a. frameshift muatation- occurs when the number of nucleotides inserted/deleted is not a multiple of three causing missen ...
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... comprise of 135 regulated genes most relevant to various inflammatory processes. The eligibility of oligos representing these genes was validated by RT-PCR. Final validation of the human and murine probes was performed in 214 and 87 hybridizations, respectively. The use of this microarray in a cytok ...
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... transcribed into an RNA product, which in turn is translated into a polypeptide sequence if the gene codes for protein. An RNA or protein product of a gene is said to be trans-acting. A gene is defined as a unit on a single stretch of DNA by the complementation test. A site on DNA that regulates the ...
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... periods of evolution, as demonstrated by a number of disruptions caused by frameshift mutations in several mouse strains, and by an interruption by a stop codon after the first 13 amino acids in rat GAS5. The diagram above shows some of GAS5 splice variants which are reported to affect cell fate in ...
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key words for genetics

... #8) DNA The information a gene uses to encode a protein is stored in a molecule called DNA. There are four “letters” in the DNA alphabet, which make up three-letter “words.” Each "word" encodes a single bit of a growing protein chain. The full-length chain will become a working protein. The bits mak ...
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Therapeutic gene modulation

Therapeutic gene modulation refers to the practice of altering the expression of a gene at one of various stages, with a view to alleviate some form of ailment. It differs from gene therapy in that gene modulation seeks to alter the expression of an endogenous gene (perhaps through the introduction of a gene encoding a novel modulatory protein) whereas gene therapy concerns the introduction of a gene whose product aids the recipient directly.Modulation of gene expression can be mediated at the level of transcription by DNA-binding agents (which may be artificial transcription factors), small molecules, or synthetic oligonucleotides. It may also be mediated post-transcriptionally through RNA interference.
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