Pierce5e_ch21_lecturePPT
... • How, through the process of development, a genotype produces a phenotype • “epigenesis”–how an embryo develops • “genetics”–the study of genes and heredity ...
... • How, through the process of development, a genotype produces a phenotype • “epigenesis”–how an embryo develops • “genetics”–the study of genes and heredity ...
Chromatin Position in Human Cells
... But first, we evaluated the number of nucleoli present in pairs of the daughter cells. To compare numbers of nucleoli in the two daughter cells, the mitotic cells were shaked off, seeded, processed 4 hours after seeding for the immunocytochemical visualization of nucleoli, and nucleoli in 100 pai ...
... But first, we evaluated the number of nucleoli present in pairs of the daughter cells. To compare numbers of nucleoli in the two daughter cells, the mitotic cells were shaked off, seeded, processed 4 hours after seeding for the immunocytochemical visualization of nucleoli, and nucleoli in 100 pai ...
CHAPTER THREE CYCLIN TRANSFORMATION OF BANANA
... including banana (Sagi et al., 1995; Chowdhury et al., 1997). This prompted searches for alternative promoters, such as the polyubiquitin-1 promoter from maize (Wilmink and Dons, 1993; Atkinson et al., 2004). Although strong promoters are intended to deliver high expression of transgenes, excessive ...
... including banana (Sagi et al., 1995; Chowdhury et al., 1997). This prompted searches for alternative promoters, such as the polyubiquitin-1 promoter from maize (Wilmink and Dons, 1993; Atkinson et al., 2004). Although strong promoters are intended to deliver high expression of transgenes, excessive ...
MIT Department of Biology 7.28, Spring 2005
... 2B. Based on these findings, suggest a hypothesis for the mechanistic basis of the aberrant recombination frequency observed in table 1 for region 5. Explain the experimental support for your model. Region 5 has a low number of Chi sites relative to the other regions, or is further from a Chi site t ...
... 2B. Based on these findings, suggest a hypothesis for the mechanistic basis of the aberrant recombination frequency observed in table 1 for region 5. Explain the experimental support for your model. Region 5 has a low number of Chi sites relative to the other regions, or is further from a Chi site t ...
5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Types of Ribonucleic
... synthesis factory in cell); mRNA comprises RNA sequences that are transcribed from DNA and contain codons to be translated into amino acid residues; tRNA is a small RNA that carries anticodon and amino acid residue for protein synthesis; hnRNA comprises RNA molecules of various sizes found in the nu ...
... synthesis factory in cell); mRNA comprises RNA sequences that are transcribed from DNA and contain codons to be translated into amino acid residues; tRNA is a small RNA that carries anticodon and amino acid residue for protein synthesis; hnRNA comprises RNA molecules of various sizes found in the nu ...
The yeast two-hybrid assay to discover if known proteins in the
... the ethylene signalling pathway, in order to see if they can interact with each other or not. Having such information on physical interactions between proteins helps scientists to put together pieces of a puzzle in order to understand the signalling pathway. What is the yeast two-hybrid assay? Inter ...
... the ethylene signalling pathway, in order to see if they can interact with each other or not. Having such information on physical interactions between proteins helps scientists to put together pieces of a puzzle in order to understand the signalling pathway. What is the yeast two-hybrid assay? Inter ...
Recombinant DNA
... – Only 1.5% of the DNA codes for proteins, tRNAs, or rRNAs – The remaining 88.5% of the DNA contains – Control regions such as promoters and enhancers – Unique noncoding DNA – Repetitive DNA – Found in centromeres and telomeres – Found dispersed throughout the genome, related to transposable element ...
... – Only 1.5% of the DNA codes for proteins, tRNAs, or rRNAs – The remaining 88.5% of the DNA contains – Control regions such as promoters and enhancers – Unique noncoding DNA – Repetitive DNA – Found in centromeres and telomeres – Found dispersed throughout the genome, related to transposable element ...
Gene Section HLF (hepatic leukemia factor) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... is a member of the PAR (proline and acidic amino acidrich region) subfamily of b/ZIP (basic region leucine zipper) transcription factors; PAR and b/ZIP proteins bind to the DNA as dimers; HLF acts as a transcriptionnal transactivator; there are evidences that HLF protein transactivates factor VIII a ...
... is a member of the PAR (proline and acidic amino acidrich region) subfamily of b/ZIP (basic region leucine zipper) transcription factors; PAR and b/ZIP proteins bind to the DNA as dimers; HLF acts as a transcriptionnal transactivator; there are evidences that HLF protein transactivates factor VIII a ...
Characterization and transcript mapping of a bovine herpesvirus
... are identical in the region involved. As shown by a sequencing gel representing the region encompassing the beginning of FS- 1 (Fig. 3 a), no additional C or T residues are contained within our sequence. The second frameshift was generated by the insertion of an A residue at position 1353, an additi ...
... are identical in the region involved. As shown by a sequencing gel representing the region encompassing the beginning of FS- 1 (Fig. 3 a), no additional C or T residues are contained within our sequence. The second frameshift was generated by the insertion of an A residue at position 1353, an additi ...
Inhibition of NF-kB by ZAS3, a zinc-finger protein that also binds to
... • Observed that ZAS binds specifically to kB-like sequences • Are ZAS proteins non-Rel-kBs? • Show that non-Rel-kB is absent in ZAS3-/- cells • Show that NF-kB is expressed in ZAS3-/- cells • Mechanism provides a checkpoint to control the reprogramming of gene expression ...
... • Observed that ZAS binds specifically to kB-like sequences • Are ZAS proteins non-Rel-kBs? • Show that non-Rel-kB is absent in ZAS3-/- cells • Show that NF-kB is expressed in ZAS3-/- cells • Mechanism provides a checkpoint to control the reprogramming of gene expression ...
Methods of gene transfer in animals
... just the cis-acting elements required for packaging and for genome replication. ...
... just the cis-acting elements required for packaging and for genome replication. ...
TNFα signals through specialized factories where responsive coding
... 3. I am confused about the numbers shown for contacts in Fig. 2B. The library data, if I understand the approach correctly, is based on sequencing just ~80 clones and produces something like 30 "contacts". The high throughput sequencing approach in contrast has millions of reads, yet produces only a ...
... 3. I am confused about the numbers shown for contacts in Fig. 2B. The library data, if I understand the approach correctly, is based on sequencing just ~80 clones and produces something like 30 "contacts". The high throughput sequencing approach in contrast has millions of reads, yet produces only a ...
Mitochondrial DNA and Maximum Oxygen Consumption
... from three continents, whereas the control group consisted of Caucasian Americans and Canadians. The ancestral data from Dionne et al. (1991) were less complete, as their subject population comprised French Canadian and other subjects of unstated ethnicity. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the anc ...
... from three continents, whereas the control group consisted of Caucasian Americans and Canadians. The ancestral data from Dionne et al. (1991) were less complete, as their subject population comprised French Canadian and other subjects of unstated ethnicity. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the anc ...
Cryptosporidiosis, caused by the ubiquitous protozoan
... ABI7900HT instrument. ‘No reverse transcriptase’ will be performed to assess DNA contamination. Results We expect to identify genes and pathways that are modulated by the SRK protein. These results will provide essential insight into the mechanism of which SRK promote intracellular replication of cr ...
... ABI7900HT instrument. ‘No reverse transcriptase’ will be performed to assess DNA contamination. Results We expect to identify genes and pathways that are modulated by the SRK protein. These results will provide essential insight into the mechanism of which SRK promote intracellular replication of cr ...
Appendix: Fusion Gene Plasmid Construction
... containing promoter sequence from -911 to + 3, in the pCAT(An) expression vector, has been previously described (3). This plasmid was digested with BamH I and Bgl II to remove the IGRP promoter sequence between -911 and -508. A fragment of the IGRP gene promoter from -1342 to -508 was isolated from ...
... containing promoter sequence from -911 to + 3, in the pCAT(An) expression vector, has been previously described (3). This plasmid was digested with BamH I and Bgl II to remove the IGRP promoter sequence between -911 and -508. A fragment of the IGRP gene promoter from -1342 to -508 was isolated from ...
Document
... Derivative chromosome. A chromosome that is the result of a translocation of one part of a chromosome to another. Dialysis. The process of separating different-size molecules in solution by means of their differential transfer across a porous membrane; commonly used to remove salt from solutions of ...
... Derivative chromosome. A chromosome that is the result of a translocation of one part of a chromosome to another. Dialysis. The process of separating different-size molecules in solution by means of their differential transfer across a porous membrane; commonly used to remove salt from solutions of ...
Leukaemia Section t(14;18)(q32;q21) t(2;18)(p11;q21) t(18;22)(q21;q11)
... Maloney DG. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Curr Opin Hematol 1995 Jul;2(4):255-61. (Review). ...
... Maloney DG. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Curr Opin Hematol 1995 Jul;2(4):255-61. (Review). ...
9. Axis Specification in Drosophila
... Torso kinases inactivate an inhibitor of tailless and huckebein Tailless and Huckebein specify termini Distinction between anterior and posterior = Bicoid Bicoid = acron formation ...
... Torso kinases inactivate an inhibitor of tailless and huckebein Tailless and Huckebein specify termini Distinction between anterior and posterior = Bicoid Bicoid = acron formation ...
2nd Lecture
... Genotoxic carcinogen: one that reacts directly with DNA or with macromolecules that then react with DNA. Epigenetics: modifications in gene expression that are controlled by heritable but potentially reversible changes in DNA methylation and/or chromatin structure. Epigenetic carcinogen: one t ...
... Genotoxic carcinogen: one that reacts directly with DNA or with macromolecules that then react with DNA. Epigenetics: modifications in gene expression that are controlled by heritable but potentially reversible changes in DNA methylation and/or chromatin structure. Epigenetic carcinogen: one t ...
Determining the Role of Wnt Signaling in Zebrafish
... plays a key role in relaying external signals to internal pathway components4. Preliminary research has suggested that β-catenin increases in relative cytoplasmic concentration after maturation, and my findings from last summer showed that this change is not the result of migration from cytoskeleton ...
... plays a key role in relaying external signals to internal pathway components4. Preliminary research has suggested that β-catenin increases in relative cytoplasmic concentration after maturation, and my findings from last summer showed that this change is not the result of migration from cytoskeleton ...
Microarray
... Microarray experiments can be thought of as “hypothesis-generating” experiments. The differential up- or down-regulation of specific RNA transcripts can be measured using independent assays ...
... Microarray experiments can be thought of as “hypothesis-generating” experiments. The differential up- or down-regulation of specific RNA transcripts can be measured using independent assays ...
Single-molecule studies of DNA replication Geertsema, Hylkje
... T7 DNA polymerase and its processivity factor The T7 gp5 protein catalyzes the incorporation of deoxynucleotides by undergoing multiple conformational changes as it travels from one nucleotide position to the next on the growing chain. These conformational transitions allow the polymerase to sense ...
... T7 DNA polymerase and its processivity factor The T7 gp5 protein catalyzes the incorporation of deoxynucleotides by undergoing multiple conformational changes as it travels from one nucleotide position to the next on the growing chain. These conformational transitions allow the polymerase to sense ...
Progeria, the nucleolus and farnesyltransferase inhibitors
... a single base-substitution in codon 608 of exon 11 on the LMNA gene, which results in the formation of a cryptic splice site producing a truncated prelamin A protein (progerin) that lacks 50 amino acids within the C-terminus end. Progerin acts in a dominant-negative manner regardless of whether its ...
... a single base-substitution in codon 608 of exon 11 on the LMNA gene, which results in the formation of a cryptic splice site producing a truncated prelamin A protein (progerin) that lacks 50 amino acids within the C-terminus end. Progerin acts in a dominant-negative manner regardless of whether its ...
RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY: APPLICATIONS IN THE
... identification of criminals, DNA profiling can also be used to infer if two or more individuals are members of the same family. This type of study is called kinship analysis and its main day-to-day application is in paternity testing. DNA Analysis in the Identification of Crime Suspects: It is proba ...
... identification of criminals, DNA profiling can also be used to infer if two or more individuals are members of the same family. This type of study is called kinship analysis and its main day-to-day application is in paternity testing. DNA Analysis in the Identification of Crime Suspects: It is proba ...
Biology
... Ribosomes are made up of proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Ribosomes are made up of proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.