iC-LTA/iC-PT Optical Encoder Series
... for the electronic commutation of small motors The iC-LTA/iC-PT series: monolithically integrated speed and commutation encoders replace Hall encoders in brushless motors The new optical sensors iC-LTA and the iC-PT series supply incremental and commutation signals in the smallest possible design sp ...
... for the electronic commutation of small motors The iC-LTA/iC-PT series: monolithically integrated speed and commutation encoders replace Hall encoders in brushless motors The new optical sensors iC-LTA and the iC-PT series supply incremental and commutation signals in the smallest possible design sp ...
2462 Digital Electronics - Career and Technical Education
... Course Description: Digital Electronics is a component of the Project Lead the Way (PLTW) pre-engineering curriculum. This is a course in applied logic that encompasses the application of electronic circuits and devices. Computer simulation software is used to design and test digital circuitry prior ...
... Course Description: Digital Electronics is a component of the Project Lead the Way (PLTW) pre-engineering curriculum. This is a course in applied logic that encompasses the application of electronic circuits and devices. Computer simulation software is used to design and test digital circuitry prior ...
Fault Finding
... - Measure the voltage across base and emitter (Vbe) of any transistors in the circuit; Vbe must be between zero and (about) 0·7v (for silicon transistors); a voltage significantly outside this range means that the transistor will have to be replaced. N.B. if the voltage is zero, the transistor might ...
... - Measure the voltage across base and emitter (Vbe) of any transistors in the circuit; Vbe must be between zero and (about) 0·7v (for silicon transistors); a voltage significantly outside this range means that the transistor will have to be replaced. N.B. if the voltage is zero, the transistor might ...
HARDWARE
... • Take a modern-day processor and all the knowledge of creating it back in time 50 years: how much is it worth? • We can get parts for cheap: – $10 FPGA (equiv. of an entire 15 year old computer in a 20mm x 20mm chip) – $1 Clock oscillator – etc. ...
... • Take a modern-day processor and all the knowledge of creating it back in time 50 years: how much is it worth? • We can get parts for cheap: – $10 FPGA (equiv. of an entire 15 year old computer in a 20mm x 20mm chip) – $1 Clock oscillator – etc. ...
Transistor Hybrid model:-
... Transistor Hybrid model:Use of h – parameters to describe a transistor have the following advantages. 1. h – parameters are real numbers up to radio frequencies . 2. They are easy to measure 3. They can be determined from the transistor static characteristics curves. 4. They are convenient to use in ...
... Transistor Hybrid model:Use of h – parameters to describe a transistor have the following advantages. 1. h – parameters are real numbers up to radio frequencies . 2. They are easy to measure 3. They can be determined from the transistor static characteristics curves. 4. They are convenient to use in ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.