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Transcript
Chapter 2 Sensing Student's Checklist I can show my understanding of effects, ideas and relationships by describing and explaining: how electric currents are a flow of charged particles what is meant by internal resistance and the effect of e.g. an electron beam in a TV tube, electrons in a internal resistance in a circuit metal, electrons and holes in a semiconductor the idea of power in electric circuits as energy the idea of potential difference in an electric circuit dissipated or transferred per second and across components in a circuit the relation between current and potential difference what resistance and conductance mean in ohmic resistors i.e. resistors which follow Ohm's law so that the ratio V / I stays the same when what happens to potential difference and current in external conditions (such as temperature) stay the circuits with components connected in series and in same. parallel using the ideas of resistance and conductance as appropriate the action of a potential divider e.g. in sensor applications such as to sense position or angle, what electromotive force (emf) means reduce a potential difference, produce a potential difference from a change in resistance I can use the following words and phrases accurately: with reference to electric circuits: emf potential difference current charge resistance conductance series parallel internal resistance load I can sketch and interpret: simple circuit diagrams I can calculate: formula to calculate other quantities the resistance R of a circuit or a component using the formula R = V / I and rearrange the formula to calculate other quantities charge flow in a circuit or component using the formulae Q = I t, Q = W / V and rearrange the formulae to calculate other quantities current, circuit resistance and potential differences in series circuits using the resistances of components e.g. total resistance = sum of component resistances currents, circuit resistance and potential differences in parallel circuits using the conductances of components e.g. total conductance = sum of component conductances with reference to instrumentation: resolution sensitivity response time systematic error 'random' variability graphs of current against potential difference: graphs of resistance or conductance against temperature the power dissipated in a circuit using the formula P = I V and rearrange the formula to calculate other quantities power, current, resistance and potential difference in circuits and components using the formulae P = I 2R, P = V2 / R and rearrange the formulae to calculate other quantities energy dissipated in a circuit W = V I t current, potential difference and resistance in circuits with internal resistance, e.g. using the formulae V = ε – I rinternal and V = I Rload and rearrange the formulae to calculate other quantities the effects produced by potential dividers in a circuit e.g. when a photocell or thermistor is used in a sensing application I can show understanding of sensor devices and their applications by giving and explaining my own example of: choosing an appropriate sensor for a particular application for example: o an active sensors which produce an electrical signal e.g. piezoelectric, thermoelectric and photovoltaic devices or o a passive sensors which depend on a change of resistance e.g. photoresistors, thermistors I have done experiments and investigations in which I have shown that I can: make and test a sensor or test and measure the qualities of a sensor or use a sensor and appropriate circuitry to make a measurement or detect a signa