Log-domain low pass high pass first-order filter
... without the need for negative feedback or degeneration; superior noise performance, improved ...
... without the need for negative feedback or degeneration; superior noise performance, improved ...
Mixed Signal Design Paradigms for Analog Circuit Design in Deep
... This analog circuit’s research addresses the development of creative new paradigms that underlie the design, and layout of reliable, reproducible, high yield, high performance, analog integrated circuits fabricated in deep submicron CMOS technology. The Research and Development (R&D) effort is parti ...
... This analog circuit’s research addresses the development of creative new paradigms that underlie the design, and layout of reliable, reproducible, high yield, high performance, analog integrated circuits fabricated in deep submicron CMOS technology. The Research and Development (R&D) effort is parti ...
electric circuit interactions
... (b) Examples of energy receivers for electric circuits: light bulb, motor, and buzzer. In the electric circuit descriptions that follow we will assume the battery is the energy source in the circuit. However, the ideas still hold for any other type of energy source. Idea EC2 - Each device in an elec ...
... (b) Examples of energy receivers for electric circuits: light bulb, motor, and buzzer. In the electric circuit descriptions that follow we will assume the battery is the energy source in the circuit. However, the ideas still hold for any other type of energy source. Idea EC2 - Each device in an elec ...
circuit
... The first line of the file circuit.in contains two integers, N and M. N (1N100) is the number of rows and M (1M100) is the number of columns in the grid. The nodes of the circuit are identified by their coordinates; the node in the upper left corner is at (1,1), and the node in the lower right c ...
... The first line of the file circuit.in contains two integers, N and M. N (1N100) is the number of rows and M (1M100) is the number of columns in the grid. The nodes of the circuit are identified by their coordinates; the node in the upper left corner is at (1,1), and the node in the lower right c ...
An Improved Current Mode Logic Latch
... Millimeter wave and radio frequency circuits are developing rapidly nowadays, such as frequency synthesizers and timing recovery circuits[1,2] . The high speed frequency divider plays a critical part in these circuits[3] . More importantly, because of the high frequency operation nature of the block ...
... Millimeter wave and radio frequency circuits are developing rapidly nowadays, such as frequency synthesizers and timing recovery circuits[1,2] . The high speed frequency divider plays a critical part in these circuits[3] . More importantly, because of the high frequency operation nature of the block ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.