ph104exp07_AC_RLC_Circuits_03
... Introduction. Most of electronics is based on the responses of a few circuit elements to time varying voltages (AC). Resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, and diodes are by far the most common circuit components; understand them, and you have the basis for understanding an enormous variety ...
... Introduction. Most of electronics is based on the responses of a few circuit elements to time varying voltages (AC). Resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, and diodes are by far the most common circuit components; understand them, and you have the basis for understanding an enormous variety ...
Notes of key concepts_Ch8
... Materials that do not conduct current are called electrical insulators. Wood, cotton and plastics are examples of electrical insulators. ...
... Materials that do not conduct current are called electrical insulators. Wood, cotton and plastics are examples of electrical insulators. ...
AN-7513 Parallel Operation Of Semiconductor Switches
... semiconductor device type considered and paralleling may become an attractive alternative. All switching power semiconductors starting with SCR’s [1], bipolar transistors [2-4] darlingtons [5] and field effect transistors [6-10], have been successfully paralleled, but proper precaution had to be tak ...
... semiconductor device type considered and paralleling may become an attractive alternative. All switching power semiconductors starting with SCR’s [1], bipolar transistors [2-4] darlingtons [5] and field effect transistors [6-10], have been successfully paralleled, but proper precaution had to be tak ...
Bit-Line Biasing Technique for Phase-Change Memories
... To be more specific, here and in the following, we refer to the case of PCMs, although all concepts are also valid for other non-volatile storage devices such as Flash memories. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional bitline biasing technique applied to a PCM device. In particular, a d ...
... To be more specific, here and in the following, we refer to the case of PCMs, although all concepts are also valid for other non-volatile storage devices such as Flash memories. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional bitline biasing technique applied to a PCM device. In particular, a d ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.