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PPT File
PPT File

... independently of those for seed color. This principle is known as independent assortment. Genes that segregate independently do not influence each other's inheritance. ...
Lab 5B - De Anza
Lab 5B - De Anza

... gene (b); the dominant allele (B) produces orange color. The heterozygote (Bb) is calico. What kinds of offspring would be expected from the cross of an orange male and a black female? a. Black females and orange males b. Orange females and black males c. Calico females and black males d. Black fema ...
Mapping genes for complex traits in founder populations
Mapping genes for complex traits in founder populations

Selection
Selection

... The same strategies used to define the mating pool can be used (fitness proportionate, rank-based, tournament). It is also possible to consider age, requiring, for instance (if l < m ) that all offspring make up the next generation, along with the best m - l parents. The replace-worst strategy repla ...
Incomplete Dominance and Codominance Notes
Incomplete Dominance and Codominance Notes

... In many ways Gregor Mendel was quite lucky in discovering his genetic laws. He happened to use pea plants, which happened to have a number of easily observable traits that were determined by just two alleles. And for the traits he studied in his peas, one allele happened to be dominant for the trait ...
File - Prairie Science
File - Prairie Science

... Make a pedigree for left-handedness using information of the Thomas family: The father, Tom, and mother, Diane, have three children. The two oldest children are Anna and Mary and the youngest child is Teddy. The oldest daughter, Anna, is married and has an older son, Will, and younger daughter, Van ...
Lab 8: Population Genetics and Evolution
Lab 8: Population Genetics and Evolution

... two cards represent the alleles of the first offspring. One of your should record the genotype of this offspring, so all four cards must be reshuffled and the process repeated to produce a second offspring. 2. The other partner should then record the genotype of the second offspring on the data page ...
Down the bottleneck?
Down the bottleneck?

... isolation; there seemed to be little tendency for stable maintenance of isolation, and no evidence that isolation grew stronger as the experimental populations were passaged through successive founder-flush cycles. There was also no evidence that smaller bottlenecks of population size were associate ...
Building a Pedigree Activity
Building a Pedigree Activity

... If individual 1 in generation I had married individual 7 in generation II, what is the probability that each of their children will be a super taster, semi-super taster, and nontaster? ...
PROBLEM SET 1 - EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
PROBLEM SET 1 - EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY

... What is the expected H-W ratio of PKU carriers (heterozygotes) to affected individuals (PKU homozygotes)? (1 pts) 2pq / q2 = 2(0.006)(0.994) / 0.00004 = 314; For every homozygous affected individual there will be more than 300 carriers. ...
Build a Pedigree Activity—Unit 6
Build a Pedigree Activity—Unit 6

... Make a pedigree for left-handedness using information of the Thomas family: The father, Tom, and mother, Diane, have three children. The two oldest children are Anna and Mary and the youngest child is Teddy. The oldest daughter, Anna, is married and has an older son, Will, and younger daughter, Van ...
Exercise 11
Exercise 11

... the pigment, melanin. The female (our subject in generation III) is therefore of genotype aa. She must have received each of her ‘a’ allele from both the parents (generation-II), who are therefore themselves normal but are definitely of genotype Aa, and are carriers of the trait. The allele a must a ...
Calculation of allele frequencies of breeding
Calculation of allele frequencies of breeding

... from random mutations in DNA. Some mutations go unnoticed; others create dramatic changes in an organism; and still others produce only slight changes. In any population individuals will produce more offspring than can be supported by available resources. More individuals than resources lead to comp ...
Population Genetics I
Population Genetics I

... The rate of evolution in these latter cases, with 0 ≤ h ≤ 1, is fastest when the rare allele is the dominant one. The rare allele will occur mostly in heterozygotes. If it is dominant, its fitness effect still will be expressed even in the heterozygotes, and selection can act on it (for it, if adva ...
Genes R US Word Do
Genes R US Word Do

... ▪ Mendel determined that traits aren't blended but are instead passed on, intact, from parent to child. He found that everyone got two genes for each trait — one from the mom and one from the dad. ▪ He also concluded that some traits are dominant and some are recessive. ▪ Mendel took a tall pea plan ...
Leaping Lizards: Gene Frequency Activity
Leaping Lizards: Gene Frequency Activity

... "We were actually able to see these processes and document them happening in a natural environment," Jason Kolbe, a biologist at the University of Rhode Island who led the study, told LiveScience. "We know that islands are colonized by new species over time, but we are rarely there to see it happen. ...
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative Genetics

... • Genetic variance can be split into 2 main components, additive genetic variance (VA) and dominance genetic variance (VD). VG = VA + VD • Additive variance is the variance in a trait that is due to the effects of each individual allele being added together, without any interactions with other allel ...
Probability & Punnett Squares - AdVENTUREScience-7th
Probability & Punnett Squares - AdVENTUREScience-7th

... BELL RINGER CONT. The Amish live separately from the rest of society. They typically marry only other Amish people. What if I told you Polydactyly is more common among the Amish than in the general population. Why do you think that is true? ...
Punnett Squares Lesson Plan
Punnett Squares Lesson Plan

... Elaboration, Extension: Point 14: Rules are meant to be broken. Remember, H dominates over h when an organism’s geneotype is Hh. Sometimes this rule is not followed but always assume that the rule persists unless told otherwise. Incomplete dominance is when the combination of two different alleles b ...
EQUATIONS USED IN 40-300 POPULATION GENETICS
EQUATIONS USED IN 40-300 POPULATION GENETICS

... When Nem = 1, subpopulations are exchanging one migrant per generation, on average. Values below 1 are considered to be an indication of restricted gene flow. Values above 1 indicate substantial gene flow. ...
PEER Module Test Template - Partnerships for Environmental
PEER Module Test Template - Partnerships for Environmental

... a. Harry is a recessive red, barless pigeon. He ignores your questions because he says he could never produce a blue/black son since he is recessive for color. You know this is not true because if he mated with a female that had the allele, he would produce at least one blue/black offspring. However ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
Sample pages 2 PDF

... are called homozygotes, whereas those who have two different alleles are called heterozygotes. If the total of k alleles exist in the population, there may exist at most k different homozygotes and k(k − 1)/2 different heterozygotes. Random genetic drift, or simply drift, results from random undirec ...
Document
Document

... The stamen produces pollen which contains sperm cells. ...
Pigeonetics Game Teacher Guide
Pigeonetics Game Teacher Guide

... Pigeonetics is a game, and students will need to use logic strategies to solve the puzzles. The pool of parents presented at the beginning of each puzzle includes all of the alleles required to solve that puzzle. Parents not selected for the first breeding will be available for subsequent steps. For ...
Genetics Review
Genetics Review

... inheritance of one trait influenced the inheritance of the ot er trait. d. these experiments were considered failures because the importance of his work was not recognized. 60. The phenotype of an organism a. re resents its enetic com osition . . reflects all the traits that are actually expressed. ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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