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Interactions in Ecosystems
Interactions in Ecosystems

... puppy gets worms it can get bad pain, diarrhea, and may die. This type of relationship is called parasitism. Parasitism is when one organism benefits but the other is harmed. If you have ever watched small birds, you may have seen them hide in bushes. They fly out to get their food, and then return ...
PDF file
PDF file

... conjugation, is a main reason symbiogenesis is more a important driver of evolution than variation and random mutation. Margulis claims that most of the DNA found in the cytoplasm of animal, plant, fungal and protist cells originated as genes of bacteria that became organelles, rather than from gene ...
Sustainability of Ecosystems Science 10 Test Review Ecologist
Sustainability of Ecosystems Science 10 Test Review Ecologist

... including their dead bodies as well as their wastes. 4. ______Disease______________________ is the result of infection by fungi, bacteria, virus, and other pathogens. 5. ______Reproduction______________________ is an example of a metabolic process. 6. We learned two additional scientific terms that ...
Wizard Test Maker
Wizard Test Maker

... The movements indicated by all the arrows are directly involved in (1) the maintenance of homeostasis (2) respiration, only (3) excretion, only (4) the digestion of proteins 5815 Which process illustrates a feedback mechanism in plants? (1) Chloroplasts take in more nitrogen, which increases the rat ...
Finals Checklist
Finals Checklist

... 2. The finches Darwin studied differed in the shape of their beaks. What did Darwin infer from this observation? 3. According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, which individuals tend to survive? 4. What is Lamark’s theory of evolution? ...
Document
Document

... A. The natural world appears to be unchanged; however fossil records indicate life has historically changed or evolved. B. Scientists observe and measure these changes. C. Biologists consider organic evolution as the keystone of all biological knowledge. Origins of Darwinian Evolutionary Theory (Fig ...
Chaetognatha - Dr. Bondrup
Chaetognatha - Dr. Bondrup

... Phylum Chaetognatha are often called ‘arrow worms’ Live in marine ecosystems Most are planktonic (80%) while some are benthic (20%) Most abundant type of animal present in many deep sea environments 120 modern species that range in size from 2 to 120 mm One of the earliest Bilaterians ...
Biology Curriculum Map
Biology Curriculum Map

... asexual reproduction 2. How is DNA organized in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? 3. What are the differences between DNA & RNA? 4. What is the role of DNA in heredity (DNA-RNA-to proteins)? 5. What is the relationship between changes in DNA & the potential appearance of new traits (types of mutatio ...
Principles of Heredity
Principles of Heredity

... Prior to Darwin • Prevailing view that species were unchanging – Aristotle proposed a “scale of nature”, that organized fixed species from least to most complex – Special Creation as the origin of species was reinforced by religious thought and interpretation of scientific evidence, such as the cla ...
Regents Biology Why not use common names?
Regents Biology Why not use common names?

... Classification - TAXONOMY  System to organize all living creatures plants  animals  microbes  etc. ...
Ch 9 evolution
Ch 9 evolution

... 1. Populations have changed over time into the different species we see today 2. Theory of Common Descent: These populations changed from a common ancestor ...
NOTES for unit 6
NOTES for unit 6

... NOTES for unit 6 ...
Organ Systems and Life
Organ Systems and Life

... limbs, the pelvic girdle, and the lower limbs. ...
Final Exam Review Help
Final Exam Review Help

... 13) What type of land formation would you expect to find where the river deposits sediments as it reaches the Gulf? _________DELTA______________________________________________________ 14) Subsidence, or the sinking of the ground because of weakened underground rock layers, can be caused by humans w ...
Worksheet: The movement of tectonic plates
Worksheet: The movement of tectonic plates

... joined and have since drifted apart “by earthquakes and floods”. His “evidence” was the jigsaw fit of the continents. This fit is especially close when the continental shelves of the continents are considered. About 165 million years ago, the great southern landmass called Gondwana, split up to form ...
Classifying Organisms
Classifying Organisms

... develop into larvae, such as tadpoles, first. Then they later change into an adult form, such as a frog, that looks very different. Some amphibians spend only portions of their lives in water. These usually have gills when they hatch, but develop lungs as adults. Some types of amphibians live their ...
Evolution PREAP 2015
Evolution PREAP 2015

... 1. Natural selection may mold different body structures, such as arms and legs, into modified forms, such as wings or flippers. The wings or flippers function in the same way and look very similar. 2. The similar nature of the wings of insects, birds, pterosaurs, and bats. All four serve the same fu ...
General Geology
General Geology

... Work effectively with others toward the solution of laboratory or field investigations. Identify selected minerals and rocks as evidenced through practical exams. Critically assess geologic hazards associated with various regions of the Earth and competently demonstrate that knowledge in the form of ...
genetic drift
genetic drift

... 5. Relictualism - populations are small and have a greater chance of extinction 6. Loss of Defensive Adaptations - defense capabilities are reduced in predator-free environments 7. Archipelago Speciation - many species may evolve from one in the same island group 8. Adaptive Radiation - many species ...
CH10-11 Note Packet
CH10-11 Note Packet

... • Darwin decided to publish after he received a letter and essay in ________ from another naturalist named Alfred Russel ________________ , who also supported the idea of evolution by natural selection. • Darwin’s published work was a book called… ________________________________ by Means of Natural ...
Great Idea: All matter above and beneath Earth`s surface moves in
Great Idea: All matter above and beneath Earth`s surface moves in

... is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and the atmosphere. It is thought that the biosphere has evolved through a process known as biogenesis, which began more than 3.5 bill ...
Vertebrate and Invertebrate Structures
Vertebrate and Invertebrate Structures

... Vertebrates comprise only one phylum of animals. They include fish, amphibians,  reptiles, birds, and mammals. Vertebrates share certain physical characteristics:   They have backbones, an internal skeleton (endoskeleton) for muscle attachment and  growth, and muscles.   They have blood that circula ...
Sc 7 Unit 5 Review Booklet
Sc 7 Unit 5 Review Booklet

... 87. A fault can be the result of squeezing or stretching of the Earth’s crust. When sedimentary rock is squeezed from the sides, it can form into slabs that move up and over each other. This is called ___________________. 88. Describe what an “old” mountain looks like. (p. 414) ...
Chapter 15
Chapter 15

... Section Assessment Describe how natural selection can affect traits controlled by single genes.  Describe three patterns of natural selection on polygenic traits. Which one leads to two distinct phenotypes?  How does genetic drift lead to a change in a population’s gene pool?  What is the Hardy- ...
Chapters 14, 15, 16 [Compatibility Mode]
Chapters 14, 15, 16 [Compatibility Mode]

... by Natural Selection ...
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Evolutionary history of life



The evolutionary history of life on Earth traces the processes by which living and fossil organisms have evolved since life appeared on the planet, until the present day. Earth formed about 4.5 Ga (billion years ago) and life appeared on its surface within 1 billion years. The similarities between all present-day organisms indicate the presence of a common ancestor from which all known species have diverged through the process of evolution. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described.
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