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A PDP Model for Capturing N400 Effects in Early L2... Word Reading Tasks
A PDP Model for Capturing N400 Effects in Early L2... Word Reading Tasks

... lexicon to the L1 lexicon is much stronger than the link from L1 to L2, just as the link between the L1 lexicon and conceptual store is much stronger than the link between the L2 lexicon and the conceptual store. However, behavioral data is often insufficient for distinguishing between different pro ...
Methylphenidate Enhances Working Memory by Modulating
Methylphenidate Enhances Working Memory by Modulating

... of methylphenidate or placebo (lactose) presented in identical capsules. Imaging commenced ⬃90 min after ingestion of the capsule to maximize the levels of drug during the scans (Gualtieri et al., 1982). Before scans or tablet ingestion on session 1, subjects were given a brief baseline assessment w ...
Brain rhythms in mental time travel
Brain rhythms in mental time travel

... that allows the system to target memories formed within a particular temporal interval (Davelaar et al., 2005; Howard and Kahana, 2002; Mensink and Raaijmakers, 1988; Sederberg et al., 2008). We focus on one class of memory models known as retrieved context models (Howard and Kahana, 2002; Howard et ...
The Spanish adaptation of ANEW (Affective Norms for English Words)
The Spanish adaptation of ANEW (Affective Norms for English Words)

... 604     Redondo, Fraga, Padrón, and Comesaña mension for affective priming and evaluative conditioning research. In these kinds of studies, it was well known that the time to evaluate a target stimulus as positive or negative varies depending on whether the prime and target stimuli share the same v ...
Category-specific Conceptual Processing of
Category-specific Conceptual Processing of

... theory of conceptual and semantic processing: sensory and action-related semantic features are attached to a symbol by correlation, typically when a child perceives words in the context of specific objects and actions (Wernicke, 1874; Freud, 1891; Warrington and Shallice, 1984; Shallice, 1988; Humphr ...
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Autobiographical
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Autobiographical

... were subthreshold when considering autobiographical memories that occurred only once (as opposed to repeated events). The question of when, during the process of retrieving and maintaining an episodic memory, reliving and emotion have their effects is much less well understood. Behavioral studies ha ...
Linking Cognitive Tokens to Biological Signals: Dialogue Context Improves
Linking Cognitive Tokens to Biological Signals: Dialogue Context Improves

... Figure 2: Visualization the neural model described in this paper. The pictured circuit has only 4 input channels, and a 3 × 3 × 10 recurrent circuit. The actual circuit has 84 input channels and a 5 × 4 × 20 recurrent circuit. The LSM ASR was trained on five spoken instances of eight different word ...
3.05 Neural Substrates of Remembering – Electroencephalographic
3.05 Neural Substrates of Remembering – Electroencephalographic

... in memory paradigms when a large number of components overlap with each other in the same time range. Indeed, when subjects engage a wide variety of cognitive transactions over an extended time interval, as is likely the case in many of the interesting paradigms cognitive neuroscientists choose to s ...
Biology I Study Guide Worms
Biology I Study Guide Worms

... Flatworms are members of the Phylum Platyhelminthes Planaria and Tapeworms are members of this phylum Flatworms are animals Flatworms have 3 layers of tissues •the ectoderm (outer layer that gives rise to nervous tissue and skin) •the endoderm (inner layer which gives rise to the gut lining) •the me ...
emergence of linguistic features: independent
emergence of linguistic features: independent

... original speech signals. For the BSS example presented above, the task was to find out what are the original signals and in which proportion each original signal is present in the perceived signals. In a more general level, ICA analysis has been used to find separate underlying components or variabl ...
Specialized Neurons, Their Characteristics And
Specialized Neurons, Their Characteristics And

... definition, they also are not conscious. Of course, a sophisticated robot can be responsive to its environment, but generally they currently are unable to recall related experiences, to predict foreseeable events, to "feel" and to connect to a given scene. Associative Memory in Humans It is useful t ...
Mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information
Mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information

... neurons [13] demonstrate how the Alonso current can underlie the sustained delay period spiking in the entorhinal cortex seen with extracellular unit recording in rats and monkeys during the performance of delayed matching tasks [10,30]. These detailed models extended earlier models showing that aft ...
Brain Architecture for an Intelligent Stream of Consciousness
Brain Architecture for an Intelligent Stream of Consciousness

... Introduction to a Memory-Based Brain System When considering a neural system that results in a stream of consciousness, it may be noted that nature evolves according to certain principles. Entities of nature, including brains, can survive only if, on the average, they are efficient.1 Concepts such a ...
r o 0 w f n . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 0 w f n . h t m a p r o 0 y 4 4 . h t m
r o 0 w f n . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 0 w f n . h t m a p r o 0 y 4 4 . h t m

... a p r o 1 z m s . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 1 z m s . h t m a p r o 1 z p 0 . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 1 z p 0 . h t m a p r o 2 2 h x . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 2 2 h x . h t m a p r o 2 3 6 t . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 2 3 6 t . h t m a p r o 2 5 2 j . h t m , I I S _ a p r o 2 5 2 j . h t m a p r o 2 ...
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early

... are activated during spatial delayed response tasks (Friedman & Goldman-Rakic, 1991; Goldman-Rakic, 1987; Goldman-Rakic, Selemon, & Schwartz, 1984). The medial temporal region and prefrontal cortex appear to be responsible for the mnemonic aspects of the SDR task, whereas the inferior parietal regio ...
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental

... room’, on a 5-point scale from ‘not at all’ to ‘extremely’. Online intrusion diary. Participants were provided with a login and were sent email reminders to complete the online diary. Once logged in, participants recorded the frequency of intrusive memories that related to the film occurring on that ...
Transcripts/3_11 2
Transcripts/3_11 2

... often. The seizures were intractable to any medication that was available at the time. A neurosurgeon noticed that the seizures started in the right temporal lobe and spread to the left temporal lobe, and decided to blow out the temporal lobes to cure his epilepsy because the temporal lobes were tho ...
Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry
Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry

... déjà vu Illusion of visual recognition in which a new situation is incorrectly regarded as a repetition of a previous experience. See also paramnesia. delirium Acute reversible mental disorder characterized by confusion and some impairment of consciousness; generally associated with emotional labili ...
Uncinate Fasciculus
Uncinate Fasciculus

... Schaeffer  et  al.,  2014   ...
Ch24- Memory Systems - Biology Courses Server
Ch24- Memory Systems - Biology Courses Server

... The Search for the Engram • Electrical Stimulation of the Human Temporal Lobes – Temporal lobe stimulation • Different from stimulation of other areas of neocortex – Penfield’s experiments • Stimulation -> Sensations like hallucinations, recall past experiences – Temporal lobe: Role in memory stora ...
Zola-Morgan et al. 1986
Zola-Morgan et al. 1986

... human cases have until now left some uncertainty as to whether lesions limited to the hippocampus are sufficient to cause amnesia. Here we report a case of amnesia in a patient (R.B.) who developed memory impairment following an ischemic episode. During the 5 years until his death, R.B. exhibited ma ...
Suzuki and Eichenbaum, 2000
Suzuki and Eichenbaum, 2000

... formation via a series of well-described serial and parallel projections.15 In addition to the prominent projections from the entorhinal cortex to various components of the hippocampal formation, there is also a direct, though weaker, projection from both the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices ...
clinical assessment of dementia
clinical assessment of dementia

... Recent advances in the understanding and treatment of dementia underscore the importance of adequate assessment. New treatments for Alzheimer’s disease are most effective when employed in the earliest stages of the disorder. Scientists are exploring the boundary between age-related memory impairment ...
Context-dependent interpretation of words: Evidence for interactive
Context-dependent interpretation of words: Evidence for interactive

... Hickok and Poeppel, 2004; Price, 2000), lexical semantic sensory–motor attributes are stored and activated in distributed networks of cortical regions organized around sensory–motor systems (Martin and Chao, 2001; Damasio et al., 2004; Pulvermüller, 1999, 2001). These semantic attributes are claimed ...
A Neuropsychological Model of Memory and Consciousness
A Neuropsychological Model of Memory and Consciousness

... Umilta, 1990,1991, for a discussion of working memory and consciousness), it is picked up automatically by the hippocampal component, which is a functional unit that comprises the hippocampus and related limbic structures in the medial temporal lobe and diencephalon.' Thus, only consciously experien ...
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Misattribution of memory

Memory plays an important role in a number of aspects of our everyday lives and allows us to recall past experiences, navigate our environments, and learn new tasks. From this view, information about a source of memory is assumed to contain certain characteristics that reflect the conditions under which the memory representations were attained. Judgments about these sources are made by evaluating the amount and nature of the characteristics. The accuracy of their recall varies depending on the circumstances at which they are retrieved. Generally speaking, misattribution of memory involves source details retained in memory but erroneously attributing a recollection or idea to the wrong source. Misattribution is likely to occur when individuals are unable to monitor and control the influence of their attitudes, toward their judgments, at the time of retrieval. Thus, memory is adapted to retain information that is most likely to be needed in the environment in which it operates. Therefore, any misattribution observed is likely to be a reflection of current attitudes.Misattribution is divided into three components; cryptomnesia, false memories, and source confusion. It was originally noted as one of Daniel Schacter's, The Seven Sins of Memory. His book, The Seven Sins of Memory: How the Mind Forgets and Remembers, identifies misattribution as a type of memory distortion or inaccuracy. For example, people may assert that they saw a face in one context when they actually encountered it in another.
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