A Toc75-like protein import channel is abundant in chloroplasts
... and AY 040053. All peptides obtained by either Edman degradation or mass spectrometry showed sequence similarity to the EST clones (Figure 2). Both AF 360205 and AY 040053 locate to the same gene on chromosome V in Arabidopsis, at5g19620. The polypeptide deduced from the EST sequences has a length o ...
... and AY 040053. All peptides obtained by either Edman degradation or mass spectrometry showed sequence similarity to the EST clones (Figure 2). Both AF 360205 and AY 040053 locate to the same gene on chromosome V in Arabidopsis, at5g19620. The polypeptide deduced from the EST sequences has a length o ...
Chloroplasts and solar panels are constructed from simple repeating
... panels are also engineered to have multiple panel squares in one solar panel so that more electricity can be generated from the sun. A group of solar panels with generate more energy combined, than if only one square was present. In this way, both man-made solar panels and naturemade chloroplasts ar ...
... panels are also engineered to have multiple panel squares in one solar panel so that more electricity can be generated from the sun. A group of solar panels with generate more energy combined, than if only one square was present. In this way, both man-made solar panels and naturemade chloroplasts ar ...
The gene for the small subunit of ribulose-1, 5
... encoded in chloroplast genome and synthesized on chloroplast ribosomes (2), while the SS is encoded in nuclear genome and synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes as a precursor protein of MW 20,000 which is transported into chloroplast, processed to its mature size and then assembled with the LS protei ...
... encoded in chloroplast genome and synthesized on chloroplast ribosomes (2), while the SS is encoded in nuclear genome and synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes as a precursor protein of MW 20,000 which is transported into chloroplast, processed to its mature size and then assembled with the LS protei ...
A GTPase gate for protein import into chloroplasts
... part of the molecular switch controlling the commitment of bound preproteins to translocation. In the GDP-bound dimer of Toc34, Glu 73 of the G2 motif occupies the predicted position of the γ-phosphate of a bound GTP. Furthermore, there is no apparent entrance/exit site for nucleotide in the dimer. ...
... part of the molecular switch controlling the commitment of bound preproteins to translocation. In the GDP-bound dimer of Toc34, Glu 73 of the G2 motif occupies the predicted position of the γ-phosphate of a bound GTP. Furthermore, there is no apparent entrance/exit site for nucleotide in the dimer. ...
Mitochondria
... from various substrates to oxygen • An intermediate product of this process is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a poison, but the peroxisome has another enzyme that converts H2O2 to water. • Some peroxisomes break fatty acids down to smaller molecules that are transported to mitochondria for fuel. • Others ...
... from various substrates to oxygen • An intermediate product of this process is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a poison, but the peroxisome has another enzyme that converts H2O2 to water. • Some peroxisomes break fatty acids down to smaller molecules that are transported to mitochondria for fuel. • Others ...
Studying photosynthetic organisms from different angles
... III. Chloroplast transformation Chloroplast transformation marks a new era in the field of plant biotechnology using the chloroplast as a cellular compartment that offers attractive advantages over other plant transgene expression methods: - high level of transgene expression (up to 46 % of tsp) - s ...
... III. Chloroplast transformation Chloroplast transformation marks a new era in the field of plant biotechnology using the chloroplast as a cellular compartment that offers attractive advantages over other plant transgene expression methods: - high level of transgene expression (up to 46 % of tsp) - s ...
Document
... Ankele E, Kindgren P, Pesquet E, Strand A (2007) In vivo visualization of Mg-Protoporphyrin IX, a coordinator of photosynthetic gene expression in the nucleus and the chloroplast. Plant Cell ...
... Ankele E, Kindgren P, Pesquet E, Strand A (2007) In vivo visualization of Mg-Protoporphyrin IX, a coordinator of photosynthetic gene expression in the nucleus and the chloroplast. Plant Cell ...
Tutorial 7 – Secretory Pathway
... Sorting signals are necessary to direct a protein to a particular organelle. ...
... Sorting signals are necessary to direct a protein to a particular organelle. ...
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
... methyltansferases from C.reinhardtii with molecular weights of 60 000 and 200 000 Da has been reported. But arguments against this hypothesis were subsequently put forward, based on the observation that normal uniparental inheritance patterns occurred even in a nuclear mutant me1 in which cpDNAs wer ...
... methyltansferases from C.reinhardtii with molecular weights of 60 000 and 200 000 Da has been reported. But arguments against this hypothesis were subsequently put forward, based on the observation that normal uniparental inheritance patterns occurred even in a nuclear mutant me1 in which cpDNAs wer ...
Arabidopsis VARIEGATED 3 encodes a chloroplast
... tetrapyrrole intermediate Mg-protoporphyrin (Mg-ProtoIX) acts as a chloroplast-to-nucleus signal that regulates expression of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast-targeted proteins (Strand et al., 2003). Several classes of mutation result in variegated plants that have leaves consisting of normal gree ...
... tetrapyrrole intermediate Mg-protoporphyrin (Mg-ProtoIX) acts as a chloroplast-to-nucleus signal that regulates expression of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast-targeted proteins (Strand et al., 2003). Several classes of mutation result in variegated plants that have leaves consisting of normal gree ...
Chloroplast Targeting, Distribution and Transcriptional Fluctuation of
... Kanamaru et al. 1999). Thus, higher plant plastids themselves have lost autonomy to keep their continuity (Abdallah et al. 2000). Then it is suggested such a ‘eubacteria-type system’ also controls the chloroplast division through nuclear-encoded regulatory factors. In Arabidopsis leaves, proplastids ...
... Kanamaru et al. 1999). Thus, higher plant plastids themselves have lost autonomy to keep their continuity (Abdallah et al. 2000). Then it is suggested such a ‘eubacteria-type system’ also controls the chloroplast division through nuclear-encoded regulatory factors. In Arabidopsis leaves, proplastids ...
Evolutionary and Molecular Biology of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
... no oxygen, lots of hydrogen and methane (a reducing environment, where there are many free electrons) • The emergence of photosynthesis meant the production of oxygen • There are no bacterially encoded ATP transporters (like those used to export ATP from mitochondria), so the initial currency of sym ...
... no oxygen, lots of hydrogen and methane (a reducing environment, where there are many free electrons) • The emergence of photosynthesis meant the production of oxygen • There are no bacterially encoded ATP transporters (like those used to export ATP from mitochondria), so the initial currency of sym ...
Composition of splicing complex in chloroplasts identified
... splicing. Large complexes of RNA and proteins are responsible for the splicing. Components of the splicing complex identified in chloroplasts The RUB researchers examined the splicing of the gene psaA, which is found in chloroplasts. These cellular constituents of plants which carry out photosynthes ...
... splicing. Large complexes of RNA and proteins are responsible for the splicing. Components of the splicing complex identified in chloroplasts The RUB researchers examined the splicing of the gene psaA, which is found in chloroplasts. These cellular constituents of plants which carry out photosynthes ...
Document
... Ankele E, Kindgren P, Pesquet E, Strand A (2007) In vivo visualization of Mg-Protoporphyrin IX, a coordinator of photosynthetic gene expression in the nucleus and the chloroplast. Plant Cell ...
... Ankele E, Kindgren P, Pesquet E, Strand A (2007) In vivo visualization of Mg-Protoporphyrin IX, a coordinator of photosynthetic gene expression in the nucleus and the chloroplast. Plant Cell ...
microbial genetics
... the chlorophyll hence provide green color. They are very important for the plant, because they constitute the sites of photosynthesis. These may be spherical, ovoid, or discs shaped and are commonly 4 to 6µm thick. In some algal cells there is only single chloroplast whereas in higher plants the num ...
... the chlorophyll hence provide green color. They are very important for the plant, because they constitute the sites of photosynthesis. These may be spherical, ovoid, or discs shaped and are commonly 4 to 6µm thick. In some algal cells there is only single chloroplast whereas in higher plants the num ...
Getting to the Roots of Plant Evolution
... that we discussed in the previous section, there are other types of characters present in the genomes of plants that can help us to understand their evolutionary relationships. While molecular characters such as these used to be very difficult to obtain, recent advances in fast, high volume DNA sequ ...
... that we discussed in the previous section, there are other types of characters present in the genomes of plants that can help us to understand their evolutionary relationships. While molecular characters such as these used to be very difficult to obtain, recent advances in fast, high volume DNA sequ ...
Getting to the Roots of Plant Evolution
... that we discussed in the previous section, there are other types of characters present in the genomes of plants that can help us to understand their evolutionary relationships. While molecular characters such as these used to be very difficult to obtain, recent advances in fast, high volume DNA sequ ...
... that we discussed in the previous section, there are other types of characters present in the genomes of plants that can help us to understand their evolutionary relationships. While molecular characters such as these used to be very difficult to obtain, recent advances in fast, high volume DNA sequ ...
Intracellular signalling: The chloroplast talks!
... It is now widely accepted that the ancestors of mitochondria and chloroplasts were free-living prokaryotic organisms capable of aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, respectively [1]. These organisms were engulfed by a plant cell progenitor in serial endosymbiotic events that each occurred over a ...
... It is now widely accepted that the ancestors of mitochondria and chloroplasts were free-living prokaryotic organisms capable of aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, respectively [1]. These organisms were engulfed by a plant cell progenitor in serial endosymbiotic events that each occurred over a ...
Sample exam 2
... 22. Is the fixing of nitrogen an exothermic or endothermic process? 23. Which molecule is necessary for the assimilation of nitrogen into amino acids? a. b. c. d. ...
... 22. Is the fixing of nitrogen an exothermic or endothermic process? 23. Which molecule is necessary for the assimilation of nitrogen into amino acids? a. b. c. d. ...
Freeman 1e: How we got there
... Several lines of molecular evidence support the endosymbiotic theory: 1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA. 2. The eukaryotic nucleus contains bacterially derived genes. 3. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes. 4. Several antibiotics kill or inhibit Bacteria specificall ...
... Several lines of molecular evidence support the endosymbiotic theory: 1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA. 2. The eukaryotic nucleus contains bacterially derived genes. 3. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes. 4. Several antibiotics kill or inhibit Bacteria specificall ...
Mitochondrial DNA
... Encode only a subset of genes required to elaborate a functional organelle rRNAs, tRNAs, ribosomal proteins, membrane-associated respiratory or photosynthetic components Other components encoded by nuclear genome, translated in the cytosol and imported into the organelle 10% of nuclear genes devoted ...
... Encode only a subset of genes required to elaborate a functional organelle rRNAs, tRNAs, ribosomal proteins, membrane-associated respiratory or photosynthetic components Other components encoded by nuclear genome, translated in the cytosol and imported into the organelle 10% of nuclear genes devoted ...
(key)
... c. Protein d. THF e. Urea b. What is the main functionality/functional group of the compounds you choose above that gives rise to their ability to harvest light. C6n.J"J~d Aoublt B;;.J; ...
... c. Protein d. THF e. Urea b. What is the main functionality/functional group of the compounds you choose above that gives rise to their ability to harvest light. C6n.J"J~d Aoublt B;;.J; ...
23 development of molecular markers to distinguish cytoplasm
... based on DNA polymorphisms almost always included all of the lines from a specific genome, and separated only lines of another genome. With the exception of the D3-d alloplasmic line, no polymorphisms were found with which to distinguish species cytoplasms within a genomic group. Additional investig ...
... based on DNA polymorphisms almost always included all of the lines from a specific genome, and separated only lines of another genome. With the exception of the D3-d alloplasmic line, no polymorphisms were found with which to distinguish species cytoplasms within a genomic group. Additional investig ...