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Sunni and Shiite
Sunni and Shiite

... Abbasids Umayyads Abbasids ...
Chapter 9 Section2 The Spread of Islam
Chapter 9 Section2 The Spread of Islam

...  The Caliphs were appointed successors who were leaders in the Muslim community. In the decade after Muhammad’s death, the caliphs built up Arab fighting forces and reunified Arabia. Caliph, Abu Bakr and his successor led their army north, conquering many neighboring empires. In just 10 years after ...
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Conquest and Faith WHAP/Napp “When the Prophet died leaving no

... umma and its political organization would break up. To preserve them, the Muslim leadership elected Abu Bakr (r. 632-634), one of Muhammad’s closest associates and the father of his wife Aisha, as caliph – that is, successor to the Prophet and head of the Muslim community. The next three caliphs [th ...
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... Islam’s sacred text. Regarded to be the direct word of Allah through the angel Gabriel to Muhammed. ...
Ijtehad
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... through agreement of the entire the people cannot agree on community and public at large anything erroneous ...
Chapter 10 Notes: The Muslim World
Chapter 10 Notes: The Muslim World

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Islam-Submission to Allah - Mr. Bowers Classroom
Islam-Submission to Allah - Mr. Bowers Classroom

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Political aspects of Islam

Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Qur'an, the Sunna (the sayings and living habits of Muhammad), Muslim history, and elements of political movements outside Islam.Traditional political concepts in Islam include leadership by elected or selected successors to the Prophet known as Caliphs, (Imamate for Shia); the importance of following Islamic law or Sharia; the duty of rulers to seek Shura or consultation from their subjects; and the importance of rebuking unjust rulers.A significant change in the Islamic world was the abolition of the Ottoman caliphate in 1924. In the 19th and 20th century, common Islamic political theme has been resistance to Western imperialism and enforcement of Sharia through democratic or militant struggle. The defeat of Arab armies in the Six Day War, the end of Cold War and collapse of the Soviet Union with the end of communism as a viable alternative has increased the appeal of Islamic movements such as Islamism, Islamic fundamentalism and Islamic democracy, especially in the context of popular dissatisfaction with secularist ruling regimes in the Muslim world.
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