UNIT 2 TEST SPRING 2016 Big Ideas and Basic Facts You Need to
... structures and support life processes. Within each category of compounds there are many different types of molecules – we looked at several examples like glucose (a carbohydrate), keratin (a protein), DNA/RNA (nucleic acids) and cholesterol (a lipid). We studied the relation between monomers and pol ...
... structures and support life processes. Within each category of compounds there are many different types of molecules – we looked at several examples like glucose (a carbohydrate), keratin (a protein), DNA/RNA (nucleic acids) and cholesterol (a lipid). We studied the relation between monomers and pol ...
Chemical Reaction
... • Process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances. – Chemical bonds are broken and/or formed. ...
... • Process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances. – Chemical bonds are broken and/or formed. ...
Metabolism & Enzymes - Revere Local Schools
... each enzyme works with a specific substrate chemical fit between active site & substrate H bonds & ionic bonds ...
... each enzyme works with a specific substrate chemical fit between active site & substrate H bonds & ionic bonds ...
Carbohydrates
... Disaccharides are double sugars. They are formed when two monosaccharides bond together. When the two monosaccharides bond, water is given off in the process. This is called condensation or dehydration synthesis. They are isomers as well. The loss of a water molecule gives all disaccharides the form ...
... Disaccharides are double sugars. They are formed when two monosaccharides bond together. When the two monosaccharides bond, water is given off in the process. This is called condensation or dehydration synthesis. They are isomers as well. The loss of a water molecule gives all disaccharides the form ...
TheraGest - ProThera
... down fat, carbohydrate, and protein. Digestive enzymes assist the body in breaking down large food particles into smaller particles that can be efficiently absorbed by the intestinal tract. Improper digestion can lead to abdominal discomfort such as bloating, feeling of fullness and constipation as ...
... down fat, carbohydrate, and protein. Digestive enzymes assist the body in breaking down large food particles into smaller particles that can be efficiently absorbed by the intestinal tract. Improper digestion can lead to abdominal discomfort such as bloating, feeling of fullness and constipation as ...
Biology 301 Exam 3 Name Spring 2008 1. Which of the following is
... 1. Which of the following is used as an electron carrier by living organisms? A. NAD+ B. NADP+ C. ubiquinone D. all of the choices 2. Which of the following is not true about enzymes? A. Enzymes are catalysts that speed up reactions. B. Enzymes are proteins that can be denatured by changes in pH or ...
... 1. Which of the following is used as an electron carrier by living organisms? A. NAD+ B. NADP+ C. ubiquinone D. all of the choices 2. Which of the following is not true about enzymes? A. Enzymes are catalysts that speed up reactions. B. Enzymes are proteins that can be denatured by changes in pH or ...
activity 2-2. organic chemistry
... it would otherwise occur only very slowly. Enzymes are highly specific in their catalytic activity. The specificity of enzyme action is the result of a “lock-and-key” arrangement in which the enzyme and the substance it reacts with (the substrate) join together to form an enzyme-substrate complex. W ...
... it would otherwise occur only very slowly. Enzymes are highly specific in their catalytic activity. The specificity of enzyme action is the result of a “lock-and-key” arrangement in which the enzyme and the substance it reacts with (the substrate) join together to form an enzyme-substrate complex. W ...
Chem*3560 Lecture 6: Allosteric regulation of enzymes
... pathway is only active if required, and then the opposite pathway is shut down. ...
... pathway is only active if required, and then the opposite pathway is shut down. ...
Exam 1
... A. ____________ The conversion of an alkene into an alcohol is an example of an oxidation reaction. B. ____________The first pKa of NaH2PO4 is about 7. C. ____________ DNA double helices with high G-C content have higher melting points than those with lower G-C content. D. ____________ In blue/white ...
... A. ____________ The conversion of an alkene into an alcohol is an example of an oxidation reaction. B. ____________The first pKa of NaH2PO4 is about 7. C. ____________ DNA double helices with high G-C content have higher melting points than those with lower G-C content. D. ____________ In blue/white ...
Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
... What do enzyme names tell us? • Enzyme names usually end in –ase • Identifies a reacting substance sucrase – breaks down sucrose lipase - breaks down lipids • Describes function of enzyme oxidase – catalyzes oxidation hydrolase – catalyzes hydrolysis • Common names of digestion enzymes still use –i ...
... What do enzyme names tell us? • Enzyme names usually end in –ase • Identifies a reacting substance sucrase – breaks down sucrose lipase - breaks down lipids • Describes function of enzyme oxidase – catalyzes oxidation hydrolase – catalyzes hydrolysis • Common names of digestion enzymes still use –i ...
Chapter 2
... D. Enzymes c. Process i. Substrate(s) attach(es) to enzymes active site changing the enzymes shape. ii. Enzyme reduces the activation energy of the reaction iii. Substrate leaves and enzyme returns to the starting position. ...
... D. Enzymes c. Process i. Substrate(s) attach(es) to enzymes active site changing the enzymes shape. ii. Enzyme reduces the activation energy of the reaction iii. Substrate leaves and enzyme returns to the starting position. ...
Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism
... Anabolism = building of macromolecules that the organism needs (proteins from amino acid subunits or DNA from nucleotides) ...
... Anabolism = building of macromolecules that the organism needs (proteins from amino acid subunits or DNA from nucleotides) ...
Unit 1 - Review Sheet 2010 IB
... 8. Identify the name, structure, chemical properties and biological significance of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and nucleic acids. 9. Define the term isomer and describe the relationship between chemical structure and chemical properties. 10. Differentiate between condensation and hydrolysis react ...
... 8. Identify the name, structure, chemical properties and biological significance of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and nucleic acids. 9. Define the term isomer and describe the relationship between chemical structure and chemical properties. 10. Differentiate between condensation and hydrolysis react ...
Restriction Enzymes - mvhs
... (endonuleases) cut DNA at specific sequences • What kinds of bonds are broken when restriction enzymes cut? – Covalent bonds (within a single strand) – Hydrogen bonds (between Hydrogen strands) as a result of the bond Covalent bond strands coming apart Image taken without permission from http://www. ...
... (endonuleases) cut DNA at specific sequences • What kinds of bonds are broken when restriction enzymes cut? – Covalent bonds (within a single strand) – Hydrogen bonds (between Hydrogen strands) as a result of the bond Covalent bond strands coming apart Image taken without permission from http://www. ...
File
... Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Can occur in the cytoplasm of most animal cells, but the liver is the major site for this process Fatty acids are synthesized when the diet is low in fat or high in carbohydrate or protein (most from glucose via pyruvate) A large quantity of NADPH is needed for this process a ...
... Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Can occur in the cytoplasm of most animal cells, but the liver is the major site for this process Fatty acids are synthesized when the diet is low in fat or high in carbohydrate or protein (most from glucose via pyruvate) A large quantity of NADPH is needed for this process a ...
Summary/Reflection of Dan Freedman`s article, Science Education
... 2. The presence of a catalyst accelerates the rate of the reaction because it lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to take place. 3. A catalyst is any substance that accelerates a reaction but does not undergo a chemical change itself. a. Since the catalyst is not changed by the re ...
... 2. The presence of a catalyst accelerates the rate of the reaction because it lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to take place. 3. A catalyst is any substance that accelerates a reaction but does not undergo a chemical change itself. a. Since the catalyst is not changed by the re ...
Slide 1
... – Functional groups (side chains of amino acids) in active site react (temporarily) with substrate ...
... – Functional groups (side chains of amino acids) in active site react (temporarily) with substrate ...
(a) (b)
... 11. Some enzyme terms - substrate – what the enzyme works on – substrate specific - active site – where the substrate binds to the enzyme - induced fit – molecular handshake – when the enzyme binds to the substrate, it wraps around the substrate ...
... 11. Some enzyme terms - substrate – what the enzyme works on – substrate specific - active site – where the substrate binds to the enzyme - induced fit – molecular handshake – when the enzyme binds to the substrate, it wraps around the substrate ...
Energy and Metabolism
... ATP Cycle • ATP hydrolysis drives endergonic reactions • ATP not suitable for long-term energy storage – fats and carbohydrates better – cells store only a few seconds worth of ATP ...
... ATP Cycle • ATP hydrolysis drives endergonic reactions • ATP not suitable for long-term energy storage – fats and carbohydrates better – cells store only a few seconds worth of ATP ...
A. biotin
... one ΔG0’ is a negative number and the other ΔG0’ is a positive number. both ΔG0’ are negative numbers. both ΔG0’ are positive numbers. product of first reaction is a substrate for the second reaction. product of first reaction is also a product of the second reaction. ...
... one ΔG0’ is a negative number and the other ΔG0’ is a positive number. both ΔG0’ are negative numbers. both ΔG0’ are positive numbers. product of first reaction is a substrate for the second reaction. product of first reaction is also a product of the second reaction. ...
Lecture 25 Cofactors and Coenzymes
... which are again divided into two groups- cosubstrates and prosthetic groups. Cofactors which bound loosely to an enzyme are termed as coenzymes and cofactors which bound tightly to an enzyme are termed as prosthetic groups. Coenzymes are heat stable, low molecular weight organic compounds required f ...
... which are again divided into two groups- cosubstrates and prosthetic groups. Cofactors which bound loosely to an enzyme are termed as coenzymes and cofactors which bound tightly to an enzyme are termed as prosthetic groups. Coenzymes are heat stable, low molecular weight organic compounds required f ...
Text S3: Fatty acid synthesis and catabolism
... Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 is able to synthesize fatty acids de novo from acetyl-CoA and incorporate them into phospholipids. This strain has an absolute requirement for several volatile acids for growth [1], utilizing isobutyrate and valerate for production of phospholipid molecules [2] containin ...
... Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 is able to synthesize fatty acids de novo from acetyl-CoA and incorporate them into phospholipids. This strain has an absolute requirement for several volatile acids for growth [1], utilizing isobutyrate and valerate for production of phospholipid molecules [2] containin ...
Enzyme
Enzymes /ˈɛnzaɪmz/ are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell. The study of enzymes is called enzymology.Enzymes are known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules. Enzymes' specificity comes from their unique three-dimensional structures.Like all catalysts, enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy. Some enzymes can make their conversion of substrate to product occur many millions of times faster. An extreme example is orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase, which allows a reaction that would otherwise take millions of years to occur in milliseconds. Chemically, enzymes are like any catalyst and are not consumed in chemical reactions, nor do they alter the equilibrium of a reaction. Enzymes differ from most other catalysts by being much more specific. Enzyme activity can be affected by other molecules: inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity, and activators are molecules that increase activity. Many drugs and poisons are enzyme inhibitors. An enzyme's activity decreases markedly outside its optimal temperature and pH.Some enzymes are used commercially, for example, in the synthesis of antibiotics. Some household products use enzymes to speed up chemical reactions: enzymes in biological washing powders break down protein, starch or fat stains on clothes, and enzymes in meat tenderizer break down proteins into smaller molecules, making the meat easier to chew.