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Table of Contents - Milan Area Schools
Table of Contents - Milan Area Schools

... choose nests with young that are most closely related to them. ...
Exam3 KEY 2007 - life.illinois.edu
Exam3 KEY 2007 - life.illinois.edu

... a. Queen-worker conflict over the sex ratio of offspring b. Sibling (worker-worker) conflict over labor c. Worker-male conflict over colony size d. Conflict between neighboring, unrelated colonies 18. (11)One of the advantages of eusociality is an improved ability to exploit and defend valuable reso ...
Entomology/BSC301 wk5 F12
Entomology/BSC301 wk5 F12

... Reproductive individuals (Queen, King, Drone) Nonreproductive individuals (Workers, Soldiers) Cooperative reproduction Overlapping of generations (mothers, daughters) Typically offspring forgo reproduction, help mother raise more offspring ...
How Does Social Behavior Evolve? | Learn Science at Scitable
How Does Social Behavior Evolve? | Learn Science at Scitable

... The evolution of social behavior at its most intimate and complex degree is found in eusocial animals. Eusocial species live in colonies. Only a relatively small fraction of the animals in the colony reproduce; the non-reproductive colony members provide resources, defense, and collective care of th ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... nondangerous species having similar pattern or color to a poisonous or dangerous unrelated species ...
Species Related Terms and Concepts
Species Related Terms and Concepts

Pollinator Paradise
Pollinator Paradise

... They are seen foraging in the spring when they are first founding a colony. They can also be seen in the fall; these are new queens preparing to hibernate for the winter so they can found a new colony in the spring. Males are seen in the fall as well. SOLITARY BEES (several families, many genera) Th ...
Species Related Terms and Concepts
Species Related Terms and Concepts

... Grasshopper (Locust), Pink Bullworm, Brown Planthoppers, Aphids. ...
sisters
sisters

... Workers have r = 3/4 with sisters, but only r = 1/4 with brothers -their fitness will be maximized when the queen produces a 3:1 sex ratio (more daughters than sons) Who wins the conflict? -in one species of ant, the queen laid eggs in a 1:1 ratio, but at hatching the sex ratio was biased towards ma ...
Hardy Weinberg Equiibrium with more than 2 alleles
Hardy Weinberg Equiibrium with more than 2 alleles

... between the two individuals and count the number of steps needed. Then for this path r = 0.5 (number of steps)  Thus, if two steps, r for this path = 0.5 (2) = ...
Topic 12 Arthropods 2
Topic 12 Arthropods 2

Hardy Weinberg Equiibrium with more than 2 alleles
Hardy Weinberg Equiibrium with more than 2 alleles

... between the two individuals and count the number of steps needed. Then for this path r = 0.5 (number of steps)  Thus, if two steps r for this path = 0.5 (2) = ...
Aphelinidae, aphelinid wasps
Aphelinidae, aphelinid wasps

... that attach the two wings. There are two suborders. The smaller suborder includes sawflies and horntails, which are phytophagous. Bees, wasps, and ants belong to the larger suborder, which includes nectar, pollen, and insect feeders. Hymenoptera is the second largest group of insects, most of which ...
Scelionidae, scelionid wasps
Scelionidae, scelionid wasps

... Order Hymenoptera, Ants, bees, and wasps Hymenoptera means “membraneous wings.“ The hind wings are smaller than the front wings and have a row of tiny hooks, hamuli, that attach the two wings. There are two suborders. The smaller suborder includes sawflies and horntails, which are phytophagous. Bees ...
2011 Essay 2
2011 Essay 2

... thought that the evolution of sterile reproductive castes (female worker) in social insects (bees, ants, wasps) was a fatal objection to his theory of natural selection because he could not imagine how an individual (female worker) could evolve to be sterile!!! So he argued that it was the reproduct ...
Family: Mutillidae (velvet ants) • very hairy, often brightly colored
Family: Mutillidae (velvet ants) • very hairy, often brightly colored

Social Behavior
Social Behavior

... • In other words, altruism may evolve when: – The cost to the actor (C) is low – The benefit to the recipient (B) is high ...
social behaviour
social behaviour

Pros and Cons of Group Living
Pros and Cons of Group Living

... between members of the same or different species ...
PPT
PPT

... A conflict? ...
Lecture 23: Mating systems
Lecture 23: Mating systems

... • Sibling conflict: parental & offspring perspectives • Parent-offspring conflict • Parental favoritism: ultimate explanation ...
Introduction - Milan Area Schools
Introduction - Milan Area Schools

... This behavior likely evolved through kin selection. Individual birds do not gain anything other than inclusive fitness, and nests with helpers produce more fledglings than nests without helpers. ...
Document
Document

... founding a colony Average r for workers is 1/3 In this case, workers are not more closely related to sisters than offspring Sometimes more than one queen founds nest Some workers may not be related at all Many eusocial species are not haplodiploid ...
Chapters 10-14 Abbreviated
Chapters 10-14 Abbreviated

... indirect fittness Hamilton’s rule – a rare altruistic allele can become more common in a population only if the indirect fitness gained by the altruist is greater than the direct fitness it loses as a result of the self-sacrificing actions. ...
Chapter 13: Evolution of Social Behavior
Chapter 13: Evolution of Social Behavior

... is the unusual genetic system (Haplodiploidy) of the Hymenoptera (ants, wasps, bees, etc.). ...
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Eusociality



Eusociality (Greek eu: ""good/real"" + ""social""), the highest level of organization of animal sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including brood care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labour into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes called castes. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste.Eusociality exists in certain insects, crustaceans and possibly mammals. It is mostly observed and studied in the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps) and in the termites. For example, a colony has caste differences; queens and reproductive males take the roles as the sole reproducers while the soldiers and workers work together to create a living situation favorable for the brood. In addition to Hymenoptera and Isoptera, there are two known eusocial vertebrates from the order Rodentia, which includes the naked mole-rat and the Damaraland mole-rat. Most of the individuals cooperatively care for the brood of a single reproductive female (the queen) to which they are most likely related. Some shrimps such as Synalpheus regalis are also eusocial.Several other levels of animal sociality have been distinguished. These include presocial (solitary but social), subsocial, and parasocial (including communal, quasisocial, and semisocial).
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