Download Species Related Terms and Concepts

Species Related Terms and Concepts
APES Review Sheets
Based on Miller's 11th Edition of Living in the Environment from Ben Smith, Palo Verdes High School
Types (Define these terms)
Endangered/Threatened
Examples (know why)
Giant Panda, Florida Manatee, Presido Manzanita, Blackfooted ferret, Kangaroo Rat, Florida Panther, Sand
Verbena, Bladder Pod, Torreya, Monk Seal, Northern
Spotted Owl, Red Wolf, Wyoming Toad, Gopher Tortoise,
Black Rhino, California Condor, Boulder Darter Scrub
Mint, American Burying Beetle, Piping Plover, Florida Key
Deer, Grizzly Bear, Chinook Salmon, Arizona Agave,
Oahu Tree Snail, Greenback Cutthroat Trout, Hawksbill
Sea Turtle, Wood Stork, Ocelot, American Crocodile,
Green Pitcher Plant.
Characteristics of
Extinction-Prone Species
Low reproduction rate, Specialized feeding habits, Feed at
high trophic levels, Large size, Limited or specialized
nesting or breeding areas, Found in only one place or
region, Fixed migratory patterns, Preys on livestock or
people, Behavior patterns
Keystone
Alligator, Wolf, Prairie Dog, Fig Trees, Plankton, Kelp/Sea
Otters, Mycorrhizae.
Indicator
Most Songbirds (e.g. Warblers), Amphibians (Frogs,
Salamanders)
Introduced/Non-Native
Kudzu, Water Hyacinth, Purple Loosestrife, Rabbits in
Australia, Argentine Fire Ants, European wild Boar. Dutch
Elm Disease (Fungus), Zebra Mussel, Quagga Mussel.
Pests
Gypsy Moth, European Red Mite, Boll Weevil, tobacco
Horn worm, Grasshopper (Locust), Pink Bullworm, Brown
Planthoppers, Aphids.
Introduced /
Re-introduced to help
control Pest Species
Wasps, Beetles (Lady Beetles, Lady Bugs), Vedalia Beetle
Larva.
Interactions
Interspecific Competition, Predation, Parasitism,
Mutualism, Commensalism, Interference Competition,
Exploitation Competition, Competitive Exclusion,
Resource Partitioning, Realized Niche, Fundamental Niche,
Predator-Prey Relationship (in food chain or web arrows go
towards higher trophic level)
r- or K-strategist
r
many small offspring, little or
K
fewer, larger offspring,
no parental care or protection high parental care, later
of offspring, early
reproductive age, most
reproductive age, most
offspring survive, larger
offspring die, small adults,
adults, adapted to stable
adapted to unstable climate, climate, lower population
high population growth rate,
growth rate, population
population size fluctuates
fairly stable, specialist
wildly above and below ,
niche, high ability to
generalist niche, low ability to compete, late successional
compete, early successional
species
species