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Aromatic Amino Acids-Guanidinium Complexes through
Aromatic Amino Acids-Guanidinium Complexes through

... has been made by Dougherty and co-workers who showed, for example, that even in water phenyl hosts bind to cationic guests stronger than to neutral or charged molecules [2]. Moreover, they carried out a protein database assessment showing that cation-stabilization is fundamental in protein structure ...
Aromatic Amino Acids-Guanidinium Complexes through
Aromatic Amino Acids-Guanidinium Complexes through

... has been made by Dougherty and co-workers who showed, for example, that even in water phenyl hosts bind to cationic guests stronger than to neutral or charged molecules [2]. Moreover, they carried out a protein database assessment showing that cation-stabilization is fundamental in protein structure ...
Metabolomics, modelling and machine learning in systems biology
Metabolomics, modelling and machine learning in systems biology

... worlds of ideas and of experimental data. The world of ideas includes theories, hypotheses, human knowledge and any other mental constructs, while the world of data consists of experimental observations and other facts, sometimes referred to as ‘sense data’ in the philosophical literature as an iter ...
Chem101 - Lecture 5 Introduction Introduction
Chem101 - Lecture 5 Introduction Introduction

... equation include: ♦ 1 CH4 molecule + 2 O2 molecules →1 CO2 molecule + 2 H2O molecules. ♦ 10 CH4 moleucles + 20 O2 molecules →10 CO2 molecules + 20 H2O molecules. ♦ 100 CH4 moleucles + 200 O2 molecules → 100 CO2 molecules + 200 H2O molecules. ...
ELEMENTARY STEPS IN ENZYME CATALYSIS AND REGULATION
ELEMENTARY STEPS IN ENZYME CATALYSIS AND REGULATION

... The approaches to understanding enzyme catalysis stressed here are thermodynamics and kinetics. Basically this means that the chemical processes are studied as a function of concentrations and time. It is important that the accessible time range be as broad as possible in order that all of the indiv ...
Synthesis of Substituted Alkanethiols Intended for Protein Immobilization  -Chelate Associated Photochemistry (CAP)
Synthesis of Substituted Alkanethiols Intended for Protein Immobilization -Chelate Associated Photochemistry (CAP)

... high enough quantities, to possibly replace existing materials with more environmental friendly materials, find compounds with better stability and functionality, and to find new unknown structures with interesting activity. Synthetic organic chemistry involves design, synthesis, and analysis of a t ...
Computational models for prediction of fire behaviour
Computational models for prediction of fire behaviour

2 Chemical equilibrium occurs when a reaction and its reverse
2 Chemical equilibrium occurs when a reaction and its reverse

Working paper  - Complex Systems Lab
Working paper - Complex Systems Lab

... division is a feasible mechanism of vesicle self-replication (Macı́a and Solé, 2006). In this framework, the non-uniform distribution of osmotic pressures along the membrane is related to the non-uniform, enzyme-driven metabolite distribution inside the vesicle, with metabolic reactions taking plac ...
The Citric Acid Cycle
The Citric Acid Cycle

... the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and NAD+ must be regenerated for glycolysis to continue. How is cytosolic NADH reoxidized under aerobic conditions? NADH cannot simply pass into mitochondria for oxidation by the respiratory chain, because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable t ...
here - National Alliance for Medical Image Computing
here - National Alliance for Medical Image Computing

... The National Alliance for Medical Image Computing (NAMIC), proposed here, will integrate the efforts of leading researchers with a shared vision for development and distribution of the tools required to advance the power of imaging as a methodology for quantifying and analyzing biomedical data. This ...
Lecture 10: Origin of Life, Autocatalysis
Lecture 10: Origin of Life, Autocatalysis

... How the Numbers work Kaufffman claims (.. do you believe him?) that as numbers increase -- ie the diversity of molecules (number of nodes in the network) increases --- the number of possible reactions (the number of edges in the network) increases even faster. For short polymers (the argument is ba ...
Re-evaluating the Cu K pre-edge XAS transition in
Re-evaluating the Cu K pre-edge XAS transition in

... distances of 1.208 Å in O2 and 1.47 Å in H2O2.38 Notably, the O–O bond in 1 lies within experimental error (3s) of those calculated for gas phase O2c1, LiO2, and NaO2 (1.363–1.369 Å).7 While the experimental O–O bond distance in 6 has been reported as 1.22(3) Å, subsequent reports suggested tha ...
ch16powerpoint
ch16powerpoint

... The elementary steps must add up to the overall equation. • The elementary steps must be physically reasonable. • The mechanism must correlated with the rate law. ...
STOICHIOMETRY:
STOICHIOMETRY:

... The word stoichiometry derives from two Greek words: stoicheion (meaning "element") and metron (meaning "measure"). Stoichiometry deals with calculations about the masses, volumes or concentrations of reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction. The reason we balance chemical reactions is ...
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... Pre-steady-state kinetics vs steady-state kinetics 1. The order of binding of substrates and release of product serves to define the reactants present at the active site during catalysis: it does not establish the kinetically preferred order of substrate addition and product release or allow conclu ...
Unit D: Quantitative Relationships in Chemical Change
Unit D: Quantitative Relationships in Chemical Change

... Every chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of atoms into different combinations. However, during these reactions, the total number of atoms of each type of element is the same after the reaction as it was before the reaction. ...
L22 - Supplementary Student Notes Package
L22 - Supplementary Student Notes Package

... Every chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of atoms into different combinations. However, during these reactions, the total number of atoms of each type of element is the same after the reaction as it was before the reaction. ...
A model for mis-sense error in protein synthesis: mis
A model for mis-sense error in protein synthesis: mis

... referred to as anti-codon, matches perfectly, by complementary base pairing, with the codon on the template mRNA. In contrast, increasing degree of mismatch makes the tRNA near-cognate or non-cognate. However, because of the intrinsic stochasticity of aminoacylation, and occasional failure of the ed ...
Honors Enzyme reading
Honors Enzyme reading

... substrate. After the reaction, the products are released and the enzyme returns to its normal shape. Because the enzyme does not form chemical bonds with the substrate, it remains unchanged. As a result, the enzyme molecule can be reused. Only a small amount of enzyme is needed because they can be u ...
Chapter 17 - Cengage Learning
Chapter 17 - Cengage Learning

... Le Châtelier’s principle helps us predict what happens to systems at equilibrium when conditions are changed. Le Châtelier’s principle states that when a system at equilibrium is changed, the system will shift its equilibrium position in order to reduce the change. The most common changes are change ...
Oxidative ortho-C-N Fusion of Aniline by OsO4. Isolation
Oxidative ortho-C-N Fusion of Aniline by OsO4. Isolation

... In an unusual reaction of osmium(VIII) oxide with p-substituted aromatic amines (X-C6H4-NH2, where X ) Me, H, Cl) in heptane afforded the brown osmium(VI)-oxo complexes [OsO(L)2] (1a-c, L ) N-aryl-1,2-arylenediamide) in moderate yields. The ligand L is formed in situ via oxidative ortho-C-N fusion o ...
Bifunctional Asymmetric Catalysis: Cooperative Lewis Acid/Base
Bifunctional Asymmetric Catalysis: Cooperative Lewis Acid/Base

... base) and so on. The key, therefore, is to fine-tune the reaction conditions and catalysts, so that only the desired reaction occurs. For example, the use of a “hard” Lewis acid and a “soft” Lewis base (using Pearson’s terminology) may alleviate the problem of catalyst quenching.2 As we will see, fi ...
Chemistry 12 is an intensive course, covering a great deal of
Chemistry 12 is an intensive course, covering a great deal of

reaction rate - davis.k12.ut.us
reaction rate - davis.k12.ut.us

... • Key factors that influence the rate of chemical reactions include reactivity, concentration, surface area, temperature, and catalysts. • Raising the temperature of a reaction generally increases the rate of the reaction by increasing the collision frequency and the number of collisions that ...
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Multi-state modeling of biomolecules

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules refers to a series of techniques used to represent and compute the behaviour of biological molecules or complexes that can adopt a large number of possible functional states.Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem of how to describe and specify a multi-state system (the ""specification problem"") and the problem of how to use a computer to simulate the progress of the system over time (the ""computation problem""). To address the specification problem, modelers have in recent years moved away from explicit specification of all possible states, and towards rule-based formalisms that allow for implicit model specification, including the κ-calculus, BioNetGen, the Allosteric Network Compiler and others. To tackle the computation problem, they have turned to particle-based methods that have in many cases proved more computationally efficient than population-based methods based on ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, or the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. Given current computing technology, particle-based methods are sometimes the only possible option. Particle-based simulators further fall into two categories: Non-spatial simulators such as StochSim, DYNSTOC, RuleMonkey, and NFSim and spatial simulators, including Meredys, SRSim and MCell. Modelers can thus choose from a variety of tools; the best choice depending on the particular problem. Development of faster and more powerful methods is ongoing, promising the ability to simulate ever more complex signaling processes in the future.
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