Bioenergetics of Exercise and Training
... Substrate level phosphorylation creates 1 ATP (indirectly through GTP; see section B.5.a. for more details on substrate level phosphorylation) ...
... Substrate level phosphorylation creates 1 ATP (indirectly through GTP; see section B.5.a. for more details on substrate level phosphorylation) ...
Carbohydrates Lipids (Fats) Proteins Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA)
... • Quaternary – aLrac?ons between more than one polypep?de chain (results in the complete protein) ...
... • Quaternary – aLrac?ons between more than one polypep?de chain (results in the complete protein) ...
2 H + 1 / 2 O 2
... Transport Chain • In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps • Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD+, a coenzyme • As an electron acceptor, NAD+ functions as an ...
... Transport Chain • In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps • Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD+, a coenzyme • As an electron acceptor, NAD+ functions as an ...
biochemistry
... Amino acids (Click) are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins. 20 different amino acids are used to synthesize proteins. The shape and other properties of each protein is dictated by the precise sequence of amino acids in it. *** The important example of proteins are (Click) Enzymes. ...
... Amino acids (Click) are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins. 20 different amino acids are used to synthesize proteins. The shape and other properties of each protein is dictated by the precise sequence of amino acids in it. *** The important example of proteins are (Click) Enzymes. ...
acid alpha arginine calcium glycine ketoisocaproic l
... John Wilson, Heather Collin, Chris Easton, Yannis P. Pitsiladis. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. BACKGROUND: Amino acids are essential for protein synthesis and muscle formation and are involved in numerous metabolic pathways affecting exercise metabolism. Consequently, it has been s ...
... John Wilson, Heather Collin, Chris Easton, Yannis P. Pitsiladis. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. BACKGROUND: Amino acids are essential for protein synthesis and muscle formation and are involved in numerous metabolic pathways affecting exercise metabolism. Consequently, it has been s ...
Document
... 24.3: Fatty Acid Biosynthesis. Fatty acid biosynthesis is performed by a cluster of discrete enzymes in bacteria, and a very large multi-protein assembly in animals (fatty acid synthase, FAS). The fatty acid is attached to an acyl carrier protein (ACP), while other proteins perform an iterative two ...
... 24.3: Fatty Acid Biosynthesis. Fatty acid biosynthesis is performed by a cluster of discrete enzymes in bacteria, and a very large multi-protein assembly in animals (fatty acid synthase, FAS). The fatty acid is attached to an acyl carrier protein (ACP), while other proteins perform an iterative two ...
What is the number of ATP made by Kreb`s cycle alone
... Name the three cytochrome proteins in ETC where protons are pumped into the intermembrane space. ANSWER: FMN, coenzymeQ, coenzyme a/a3 What is the term for the making of ATP via electron transport? ANSWER: oxidative phosphorylation ...
... Name the three cytochrome proteins in ETC where protons are pumped into the intermembrane space. ANSWER: FMN, coenzymeQ, coenzyme a/a3 What is the term for the making of ATP via electron transport? ANSWER: oxidative phosphorylation ...
Energy Systems
... Provides ATP very quickly but is inefficient because of lactic acid build up in muscles and blood. Lactic acid contributes to muscle fatigue and exhaustion. Lactic Acid can take up to 2 hours to be removed from bloodstream. Typical event is 400m run. ...
... Provides ATP very quickly but is inefficient because of lactic acid build up in muscles and blood. Lactic acid contributes to muscle fatigue and exhaustion. Lactic Acid can take up to 2 hours to be removed from bloodstream. Typical event is 400m run. ...
How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
... 6.16 Cells use many kinds of organic molecules as fuel for cellular respiration • Polysaccharides can be hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and then converted to glucose for glycolysis • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the Krebs cycle • Fats are brok ...
... 6.16 Cells use many kinds of organic molecules as fuel for cellular respiration • Polysaccharides can be hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and then converted to glucose for glycolysis • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the Krebs cycle • Fats are brok ...
Chapter 5 Powerpoint Slides
... – Next, this solution reacts on contact with silicate rocks to release calcium and other cations and leave behind carbonate and biocarbonate ions dissolved in the water. This solution is washed into the oceans by rivers, and then calcium carbonate (CaCO3), also known as limestone, is precipitated ...
... – Next, this solution reacts on contact with silicate rocks to release calcium and other cations and leave behind carbonate and biocarbonate ions dissolved in the water. This solution is washed into the oceans by rivers, and then calcium carbonate (CaCO3), also known as limestone, is precipitated ...
biogeochemical cycles PP
... – Next, this solution reacts on contact with silicate rocks to release calcium and other cations and leave behind carbonate and biocarbonate ions dissolved in the water. This solution is washed into the oceans by rivers, and then calcium carbonate (CaCO3), also known as limestone, is precipitated ...
... – Next, this solution reacts on contact with silicate rocks to release calcium and other cations and leave behind carbonate and biocarbonate ions dissolved in the water. This solution is washed into the oceans by rivers, and then calcium carbonate (CaCO3), also known as limestone, is precipitated ...
Amino Acid/Protein Structure
... Honors Anatomy and Physiology Amino Acids and Proteins THE AMINO ACID http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/basics/prostruct.html ...
... Honors Anatomy and Physiology Amino Acids and Proteins THE AMINO ACID http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/basics/prostruct.html ...
peptides - WordPress.com
... • Lipids in the diet (Figure 16–6) are mainly triacylglycerol, and are hydrolyzed to monoacylglycerols and fatty acids in the gut, then re-esterified in the intestinal mucosa. Here they are packaged with protein and secreted into the lymphatic system and thence into the bloodstream as chylomicrons, ...
... • Lipids in the diet (Figure 16–6) are mainly triacylglycerol, and are hydrolyzed to monoacylglycerols and fatty acids in the gut, then re-esterified in the intestinal mucosa. Here they are packaged with protein and secreted into the lymphatic system and thence into the bloodstream as chylomicrons, ...
see lecture notes
... CO2 binds to RuBP ------------> RuBPCO2 which then splits into 2 molecules of PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde) 3-C* each (enzyme: RuBP carboxylase, or "rubisco") * = this is why the Calvin Cycle is sometimes called the "three carbon pathway") 6 turns of the cycle = one 6-C molecule of sugar (glucose) ov ...
... CO2 binds to RuBP ------------> RuBPCO2 which then splits into 2 molecules of PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde) 3-C* each (enzyme: RuBP carboxylase, or "rubisco") * = this is why the Calvin Cycle is sometimes called the "three carbon pathway") 6 turns of the cycle = one 6-C molecule of sugar (glucose) ov ...
File
... An 800m runner undertakes aerobic training to improve their VO2 max. Why might this improve their 800m personal best? (7 marks) • VO2 max is the maximum amount of O2 that can be consumed and used in one minute. • Greater VO2 max means more O2 available for aerobic energy production. • Allows for gr ...
... An 800m runner undertakes aerobic training to improve their VO2 max. Why might this improve their 800m personal best? (7 marks) • VO2 max is the maximum amount of O2 that can be consumed and used in one minute. • Greater VO2 max means more O2 available for aerobic energy production. • Allows for gr ...
Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life
... from when needed. Doesn’t have many side branches. Is broken down during digestion into glucose which we burn to make ATP. Glycogen- storage of carbs in animals. Excess sugar is stored in the liver. This molecule has many side branches. Glycogen is broken down into glucose when blood sugar is low. ...
... from when needed. Doesn’t have many side branches. Is broken down during digestion into glucose which we burn to make ATP. Glycogen- storage of carbs in animals. Excess sugar is stored in the liver. This molecule has many side branches. Glycogen is broken down into glucose when blood sugar is low. ...
lecture CH23 chem131pikul
... form succinate, releasing energy that converts GDP to GTP. • Step [6] succinate is converted to fumarate with FAD and succinate dehydrogenase; FADH2 is formed. • Step [7], water is added across the C=C; this transforms fumarate into malate, which has a 2o alcohol. • Step [8], the 2o alcohol of malat ...
... form succinate, releasing energy that converts GDP to GTP. • Step [6] succinate is converted to fumarate with FAD and succinate dehydrogenase; FADH2 is formed. • Step [7], water is added across the C=C; this transforms fumarate into malate, which has a 2o alcohol. • Step [8], the 2o alcohol of malat ...
AnSc 5311 Ruminant Nutrition Microbial Fermentation of
... Ruminal cellulolytic organisms – cellulase activity is cellassociated, not found in cell-free ruminal fluid ...
... Ruminal cellulolytic organisms – cellulase activity is cellassociated, not found in cell-free ruminal fluid ...
Unit I - E
... of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions. The dissociation constant is usually denoted Kd and is th ...
... of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions. The dissociation constant is usually denoted Kd and is th ...
Metabolomics - Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics
... To maintain locally high metabolite concentrations, CAC reactions are compartmentalized within the mitochondria. There may be further spatial subcompartmentalization in the vicinity of individual CAC enzymes to maximize local effective substrate concentrations and reaction efficiency. Specialized ca ...
... To maintain locally high metabolite concentrations, CAC reactions are compartmentalized within the mitochondria. There may be further spatial subcompartmentalization in the vicinity of individual CAC enzymes to maximize local effective substrate concentrations and reaction efficiency. Specialized ca ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.