Community Ecology, BIOL 7083 – Fall 2003
... consequences of interspecific competition between two stream insects. Journal of Animal Ecology 59:849-866. Ferson, Scott, Pat Downey, Paul Klerks, Marc Weissburg, Irwin Kroot, Steven Stewart, Geoff Jacquez, James Ssemakula, Richard Malenky & Karl Anderson. 1986. Competing reviews, or why do Connell ...
... consequences of interspecific competition between two stream insects. Journal of Animal Ecology 59:849-866. Ferson, Scott, Pat Downey, Paul Klerks, Marc Weissburg, Irwin Kroot, Steven Stewart, Geoff Jacquez, James Ssemakula, Richard Malenky & Karl Anderson. 1986. Competing reviews, or why do Connell ...
References - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... that we start with the basic attributes of plants, and do not believe the more complex concepts of community ecology without good evidence. The book is deliberately unbalanced, concentrating on particular areas that we feel have been done less than justice in the literature, or where we feel we have ...
... that we start with the basic attributes of plants, and do not believe the more complex concepts of community ecology without good evidence. The book is deliberately unbalanced, concentrating on particular areas that we feel have been done less than justice in the literature, or where we feel we have ...
Hoplodactylus aff. granulatus
... localities of Glenomaru, "Catlins", Catlins River, and Riverton. All specimens differ markedly in morphology from Westland forest geckos (TJ pers. obs.). Most information about Catlins/Southland forest geckos has come from the late Mrs P. Soderstrom of Progress Valley. She had a large collection of ...
... localities of Glenomaru, "Catlins", Catlins River, and Riverton. All specimens differ markedly in morphology from Westland forest geckos (TJ pers. obs.). Most information about Catlins/Southland forest geckos has come from the late Mrs P. Soderstrom of Progress Valley. She had a large collection of ...
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... CWMs are aggregated species mean trait values, using the same species trait value across the different communities that are compared (but see Auger and Shipley 2013). However, such a procedure is only valid under the assumption that the trait variability within a certain species is low in comparison ...
... CWMs are aggregated species mean trait values, using the same species trait value across the different communities that are compared (but see Auger and Shipley 2013). However, such a procedure is only valid under the assumption that the trait variability within a certain species is low in comparison ...
generality of leaf trait relationships: a test across six biomes
... chamber and infrared gas analyzer operated in the differential mode (ADC model LCA-2, Hoddesdon, England). Measurements were made at mid- to late morning (0800-1100 local time) when the following conditions were met: near full sunlight, relatively nonlimiting vapor pressure deficits or temperatures. ...
... chamber and infrared gas analyzer operated in the differential mode (ADC model LCA-2, Hoddesdon, England). Measurements were made at mid- to late morning (0800-1100 local time) when the following conditions were met: near full sunlight, relatively nonlimiting vapor pressure deficits or temperatures. ...
shifts in community leaf functional traits are
... CWMs are aggregated species mean trait values, using the same species trait value across the different communities that are compared (but see Auger and Shipley 2013). However, such a procedure is only valid under the assumption that the trait variability within a certain species is low in comparison ...
... CWMs are aggregated species mean trait values, using the same species trait value across the different communities that are compared (but see Auger and Shipley 2013). However, such a procedure is only valid under the assumption that the trait variability within a certain species is low in comparison ...
1999, pp. 1955-1969 © 1999 by the Ecological Society of America
... chamber and infrared gas analyzer operated in the differential mode (ADC model LCA-2, Hoddesdon, England). Measurements were made at mid- to late morning (0800-1100 local time) when the following conditions were met: near full sunlight, relatively nonlimiting vapor pressure deficits or temperatures. ...
... chamber and infrared gas analyzer operated in the differential mode (ADC model LCA-2, Hoddesdon, England). Measurements were made at mid- to late morning (0800-1100 local time) when the following conditions were met: near full sunlight, relatively nonlimiting vapor pressure deficits or temperatures. ...
GENERALITY OF LEAF TRAIT RELATIONSHIPS: A TEST ACROSS SIX BIOMES P B. R
... chamber and infrared gas analyzer operated in the differential mode (ADC model LCA-2, Hoddesdon, England). Measurements were made at mid- to late morning (0800–1100 local time) when the following conditions were met: near full sunlight, relatively nonlimiting vapor pressure deficits or temperatures. ...
... chamber and infrared gas analyzer operated in the differential mode (ADC model LCA-2, Hoddesdon, England). Measurements were made at mid- to late morning (0800–1100 local time) when the following conditions were met: near full sunlight, relatively nonlimiting vapor pressure deficits or temperatures. ...
Edge effects in a lowland temperate New Zealand rainforest
... edge phenomenon, including microclimates, plants (vascular and non-vascular) and animals (forest floor and canopy invertebrates), is used to assess the effects of forest edges on the conservation management of small remnants. Physical processes arising from the adjacent production (e.g. agriculture ...
... edge phenomenon, including microclimates, plants (vascular and non-vascular) and animals (forest floor and canopy invertebrates), is used to assess the effects of forest edges on the conservation management of small remnants. Physical processes arising from the adjacent production (e.g. agriculture ...
Invasion of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the rise of the boreal
... PAR of other important tree taxa to explore the influence of the colonization and population growth of P. abies on the population dynamics of the key tree taxa of the resident forest. In cross-correlation analysis two time-series are moved stepwise against each other in the time domain and the corre ...
... PAR of other important tree taxa to explore the influence of the colonization and population growth of P. abies on the population dynamics of the key tree taxa of the resident forest. In cross-correlation analysis two time-series are moved stepwise against each other in the time domain and the corre ...
Bird Conservation International, page 1 of 9 . © BirdLife International
... preferred by Grenada Doves, presumed to be and hereafter referred to as territories, in which calling birds were repeatedly present and breeding behaviour was observed. During the study, eight exact points at which a Grenada Dove was observed, either perched in the canopy or seen on the ground after ...
... preferred by Grenada Doves, presumed to be and hereafter referred to as territories, in which calling birds were repeatedly present and breeding behaviour was observed. During the study, eight exact points at which a Grenada Dove was observed, either perched in the canopy or seen on the ground after ...
Ecosystem Ecology, ESPM 111
... • Ecosystem Ecology involves – The Study of a Complex, Living System comprised of plants, microbes, invertebrates and vertebrates – Autotrophs (plants) capture solar energy and convert it into Chemical Energy – Chemical energy is used to drive the metabolism of heterotrophs, herbivores, and higher t ...
... • Ecosystem Ecology involves – The Study of a Complex, Living System comprised of plants, microbes, invertebrates and vertebrates – Autotrophs (plants) capture solar energy and convert it into Chemical Energy – Chemical energy is used to drive the metabolism of heterotrophs, herbivores, and higher t ...
Evolution of resistance and tolerance to herbivores: testing
... evolution of a mixed defense strategy is a possible outcome (Fornoni et al., 2004a; Carmona & Fornoni, 2013). Nevertheless, evidence of a trade-off between plant defensive strategies is scarce, and may depend on the sort of traits involved in the defensive response. A review of literature indicates ...
... evolution of a mixed defense strategy is a possible outcome (Fornoni et al., 2004a; Carmona & Fornoni, 2013). Nevertheless, evidence of a trade-off between plant defensive strategies is scarce, and may depend on the sort of traits involved in the defensive response. A review of literature indicates ...
Introduction to Landscape Ecology
... Perturbation at one scale may be equilibrium at a larger scale. Notion of natural range of variation and application as a guide for management ...
... Perturbation at one scale may be equilibrium at a larger scale. Notion of natural range of variation and application as a guide for management ...
Lesson Overview
... Stratified sampling is simply the process of identifying areas within an overall habitat, which may be very different from each other and which need to be sampled separately. Each individual area separately sampled within the overall habitat is then called a stratum. ...
... Stratified sampling is simply the process of identifying areas within an overall habitat, which may be very different from each other and which need to be sampled separately. Each individual area separately sampled within the overall habitat is then called a stratum. ...
Do Inhibitory Interactions Between Detritivores
... organism (Berendse 1979, Gulmon et al. 1983, Hooper 1998). An exception to this occurs when one taxon is both competitively and functionally dominant, in which case the dominant species performs at high enough levels that overall ecosystem function increases despite decreases in performance by the s ...
... organism (Berendse 1979, Gulmon et al. 1983, Hooper 1998). An exception to this occurs when one taxon is both competitively and functionally dominant, in which case the dominant species performs at high enough levels that overall ecosystem function increases despite decreases in performance by the s ...
生態學 - 國立臺南大學
... Key concepts 1. Define ecology (an applied and a pure science) 2. To describe and understand, and on the basis of their understanding, to predict, manage, and control 3. Spatial and temporal scales(時空尺度). Patterns may be evident only at particular scales 4. By means of observations, field and labor ...
... Key concepts 1. Define ecology (an applied and a pure science) 2. To describe and understand, and on the basis of their understanding, to predict, manage, and control 3. Spatial and temporal scales(時空尺度). Patterns may be evident only at particular scales 4. By means of observations, field and labor ...
Open Access
... farmland biodiversity has declined. Previous studies have shown that the continuity of grazing management can have a significant influence on the environmental conditions and the levels of plant species diversity in grassland habitats. The preservation of species-rich grasslands has become a high co ...
... farmland biodiversity has declined. Previous studies have shown that the continuity of grazing management can have a significant influence on the environmental conditions and the levels of plant species diversity in grassland habitats. The preservation of species-rich grasslands has become a high co ...
Plant Herbivore Interactions at the Forest Edge
... herbivores and their damage to vegetation (e.g. Laurance et al. 1997; Foggo et al. 2001; Ries et al. 2004), although few studies in fact present empirical data, and responses are reported to be positive, negative, or neutral. We found a total of 55 articles that investigated whether forest edges aff ...
... herbivores and their damage to vegetation (e.g. Laurance et al. 1997; Foggo et al. 2001; Ries et al. 2004), although few studies in fact present empirical data, and responses are reported to be positive, negative, or neutral. We found a total of 55 articles that investigated whether forest edges aff ...
The tortoise and the hare: ecology of angiosperm
... The major veins are structurally important in supporting the broad, but very thin, leaf lamina. Givnish (1979) discussed mechanical aspects of leaf venation emphasizing the cost of a vein versus its support function. Thick sclerophyll leaves have few or disorganized veins per unit area since the thi ...
... The major veins are structurally important in supporting the broad, but very thin, leaf lamina. Givnish (1979) discussed mechanical aspects of leaf venation emphasizing the cost of a vein versus its support function. Thick sclerophyll leaves have few or disorganized veins per unit area since the thi ...
Kessler, K., RS Lockwood, CE Williamson, and JE Saros. Vertical
... and variation due to clouds, aerosols, and surface waves are not included in these values, and the value of UV or PAR is dependent only on water transparency. Where optical properties of water are constant over depth, the diffuse attenuation coefficients (Kd) and 1% attenuation depths (Z1%) for a gi ...
... and variation due to clouds, aerosols, and surface waves are not included in these values, and the value of UV or PAR is dependent only on water transparency. Where optical properties of water are constant over depth, the diffuse attenuation coefficients (Kd) and 1% attenuation depths (Z1%) for a gi ...
Why Do the Boreal Forest Ecosystems of Northwestern Europe Differ
... conditions mainly set by permafrost, soil hydrology, and ambient summer temperature (Walker et al. 2005). In particular, the combination of relatively high summer temperatures and the moist active layer that develops above frozen soil during the growing season appears to promote the formation of cl ...
... conditions mainly set by permafrost, soil hydrology, and ambient summer temperature (Walker et al. 2005). In particular, the combination of relatively high summer temperatures and the moist active layer that develops above frozen soil during the growing season appears to promote the formation of cl ...
Leaf ties as colonization sites for forest arthropods
... other leaf-tying species and by non-tying inquilines (herbivores, scavengers, predators, and parasitoids) is extremely common, resulting in sequential occupation by an array of arthropods over the course of a season (Lill, 2004). Previous work in this system showed that the presence of leaf ties on ...
... other leaf-tying species and by non-tying inquilines (herbivores, scavengers, predators, and parasitoids) is extremely common, resulting in sequential occupation by an array of arthropods over the course of a season (Lill, 2004). Previous work in this system showed that the presence of leaf ties on ...
Leaf structure and anatomy as related to leaf mass per area
... borders and the protruding veins areas, therefore the sampling points avoided both regions. A part of the lamina beside the mid rib that included minor veins, was drawn, including the contours of each tissue. Then, the whole area and those occupied by each tissue were measured from the drawing using ...
... borders and the protruding veins areas, therefore the sampling points avoided both regions. A part of the lamina beside the mid rib that included minor veins, was drawn, including the contours of each tissue. Then, the whole area and those occupied by each tissue were measured from the drawing using ...
Hemispherical photography
Hemispherical photography, also known as fisheye or canopy photography, is a technique to estimate solar radiation and characterize plant canopy geometry using photographs taken looking upward through an extreme wide-angle lens (Rich 1990). Typically, the viewing angle approaches or equals 180-degrees, such that all sky directions are simultaneously visible. The resulting photographs record the geometry of visible sky, or conversely the geometry of sky obstruction by plant canopies or other near-ground features. This geometry can be measured precisely and used to calculate solar radiation transmitted through (or intercepted by) plant canopies, as well as to estimate aspects of canopy structure such as leaf area index. Detailed treatments of field and analytical methodology have been provided by Paul Rich (1989, 1990) and Robert Pearcy (1989).