antigenic characterization of polish infectious bursal disease virus
... In the USA, it was demonstrated that the new isolates had been affected by an antigenic drift against which classical IBD virus (IBDV) vaccines were not satisfactorily protective (11, 27). In Europe, the first cases of acute IBDV were described at the same time (2, 28). The acute forms of the diseas ...
... In the USA, it was demonstrated that the new isolates had been affected by an antigenic drift against which classical IBD virus (IBDV) vaccines were not satisfactorily protective (11, 27). In Europe, the first cases of acute IBDV were described at the same time (2, 28). The acute forms of the diseas ...
An Introduction to the Infectious Diseases
... [The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946] An infectious disease is an infection that is capable of spreading from person to person. Not all infections are communicable diseases. The term infectious means communicable. Infectious diseases may be transmitted by ...
... [The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946] An infectious disease is an infection that is capable of spreading from person to person. Not all infections are communicable diseases. The term infectious means communicable. Infectious diseases may be transmitted by ...
2.4: Virus nomenclature - European Association of Science Editors
... Viruses are elementary biosystems that possess genes, replicate, evolve, and adapt to particular hosts in particular ecological niches. Although viruses may be pathogens, they are not active outside their host cells. They depend on the host cell machinery for their replication, and they differ funda ...
... Viruses are elementary biosystems that possess genes, replicate, evolve, and adapt to particular hosts in particular ecological niches. Although viruses may be pathogens, they are not active outside their host cells. They depend on the host cell machinery for their replication, and they differ funda ...
Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus
... disease initially described as Gumboro disease with mortality of less than 25% in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Immunosuppressive and variant strains ...
... disease initially described as Gumboro disease with mortality of less than 25% in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Immunosuppressive and variant strains ...
ATCSA 2001 Schedule 5 Order 2007 Notes Guidance
... attenuation may not be well understood (for example, where it results from passage) but there is a history of safe use. In such instances, the user should seek advice from the Home Office before deciding to work at a lower level of security. ...
... attenuation may not be well understood (for example, where it results from passage) but there is a history of safe use. In such instances, the user should seek advice from the Home Office before deciding to work at a lower level of security. ...
HBTNCC 2011 a paper v3 August 2013
... vials with viral transport medium containing Hank´s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), 1M Hepes buffer, 0.5 % gelatin, 7.5% sodium bicarbonate, and antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin and amphotericin B). All samples were kept at –20ºC until sent to the Instituto Valenciano de Microbiología (Valencian ...
... vials with viral transport medium containing Hank´s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), 1M Hepes buffer, 0.5 % gelatin, 7.5% sodium bicarbonate, and antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin and amphotericin B). All samples were kept at –20ºC until sent to the Instituto Valenciano de Microbiología (Valencian ...
Hepatitis A
... small RNA virus that needs HBV to survive Only occurs in the presence of HBV Test for D if suspicion that it might be a cause of disease exacerbation in chronic hepatitis B Incubation time – similar to Hepatitis B ...
... small RNA virus that needs HBV to survive Only occurs in the presence of HBV Test for D if suspicion that it might be a cause of disease exacerbation in chronic hepatitis B Incubation time – similar to Hepatitis B ...
Reviews Viruses and athletes
... compared with isolation/identification, carrying out a full screen on all possible viruses would be a major undertaking in one individual and would be quite impractical in a study group large enough to draw useful statistical conclusions. The alternative of looking directly for the virus (isolation ...
... compared with isolation/identification, carrying out a full screen on all possible viruses would be a major undertaking in one individual and would be quite impractical in a study group large enough to draw useful statistical conclusions. The alternative of looking directly for the virus (isolation ...
The 3A non-structural-protein coding region of ... southern African SAT type isolates differs from ...
... viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, is characterized by a predominantly non-lethal infection culminating in temporary oral and pedal vesicles. Infections commonly result in a significant reduction in the production of meat or dairy products. Affected producers suffer substantial losses du ...
... viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, is characterized by a predominantly non-lethal infection culminating in temporary oral and pedal vesicles. Infections commonly result in a significant reduction in the production of meat or dairy products. Affected producers suffer substantial losses du ...
Objective 1 - Defra Science Search
... virulent strains of CSFV; the UK2000 strain, that caused the last outbreak of CSF in the UK, and strain CBR/93, which was isolated in Thailand in 1993 and is genetically diverse from many strains previously studied in this context. We therefore measured the quantity of viable virus present in tissue ...
... virulent strains of CSFV; the UK2000 strain, that caused the last outbreak of CSF in the UK, and strain CBR/93, which was isolated in Thailand in 1993 and is genetically diverse from many strains previously studied in this context. We therefore measured the quantity of viable virus present in tissue ...
Reference clustering - Analyzing Unknown Binaries
... Second, their labels are frequently incorrect. Assigning a virus label to a new sample is a manual task that has to be performed by a human analyst at an anti-malware company. Because of time-constraints, the sheer mass of new samples appearing each day, the similarity of several malware families, a ...
... Second, their labels are frequently incorrect. Assigning a virus label to a new sample is a manual task that has to be performed by a human analyst at an anti-malware company. Because of time-constraints, the sheer mass of new samples appearing each day, the similarity of several malware families, a ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
... 2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Test. This new test is more specific for the FIP virus than the coronavirus antibody test; however, it is still just a test for the presence of the FIP virus. A positive test means the virus is present, but does not necessarily mean the disease is present. This tes ...
... 2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Test. This new test is more specific for the FIP virus than the coronavirus antibody test; however, it is still just a test for the presence of the FIP virus. A positive test means the virus is present, but does not necessarily mean the disease is present. This tes ...
Unit 4 – Student Guided Notes
... _________. This statement suggests that viruses evolved after cells developed. If so, this means that new viruses are developing all the time. New viruses can develop _____________________________________________ __________________________. This means that antibodies produced by the body can work ag ...
... _________. This statement suggests that viruses evolved after cells developed. If so, this means that new viruses are developing all the time. New viruses can develop _____________________________________________ __________________________. This means that antibodies produced by the body can work ag ...
Antigenic variation of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus
... a single host, and are easily transmitted. Pathogens that express these characteristics and undergo antigenic variation have a selective advantage over their more genetically stable counterparts. RNA viruses are characterized by an error-prone RNA replication, which gives them great potential for va ...
... a single host, and are easily transmitted. Pathogens that express these characteristics and undergo antigenic variation have a selective advantage over their more genetically stable counterparts. RNA viruses are characterized by an error-prone RNA replication, which gives them great potential for va ...
Brown Floral Background - Home
... only member of the genus of Rubivirus and belongs to the family of Togaviridae, whose members commonly have a genome of single-stranded RNA of positive polarity which is enclosed by an icosahedral capsid. The RNA-genome inside the capsid has a length of approximately 9,757 nucleotides and encodes fo ...
... only member of the genus of Rubivirus and belongs to the family of Togaviridae, whose members commonly have a genome of single-stranded RNA of positive polarity which is enclosed by an icosahedral capsid. The RNA-genome inside the capsid has a length of approximately 9,757 nucleotides and encodes fo ...
Latest fact sheet - H1N1 Influenza
... may cause a worsening of underlying chronic medical conditions. Groups at higher risk for seasonal influenza complications include children less than 2 years old, persons aged 65 years or older, children and adolescents (less than 18 years) who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy, pregnant women ...
... may cause a worsening of underlying chronic medical conditions. Groups at higher risk for seasonal influenza complications include children less than 2 years old, persons aged 65 years or older, children and adolescents (less than 18 years) who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy, pregnant women ...
Dane County Friends of Ferals Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
... immune deficiency that hinders the cat's ability to protect himself or herself against other infections. The same bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi that may be found in the everyday environment--where they usually do not affect healthy animals--can cause severe illness in those with weakened im ...
... immune deficiency that hinders the cat's ability to protect himself or herself against other infections. The same bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi that may be found in the everyday environment--where they usually do not affect healthy animals--can cause severe illness in those with weakened im ...
A novel monopartite dsRNA virus from rhododendron
... analyses suggest a frameshift-driven ‘‘gag-pol’’ type of fusion protein rather than the internal initiation reported for Helminothosporium victoriae virus 190S [9, 17]. As experimentally verified for STV, it is likely that RhVA is also efficiently seed transmissible. Seed transmission is one of the ...
... analyses suggest a frameshift-driven ‘‘gag-pol’’ type of fusion protein rather than the internal initiation reported for Helminothosporium victoriae virus 190S [9, 17]. As experimentally verified for STV, it is likely that RhVA is also efficiently seed transmissible. Seed transmission is one of the ...
Complete Coding Sequence of the Alkhurma Virus, a Tick
... performed within a 496 AA region of the envelope gene where sequences are available for 19 TB flaviviruses. The topology of the tree obtained (Fig. 3B) is consistent with that observed using complete ORF sequences but brings the additional information that ALKV and KFDV derive from a common ancestor ...
... performed within a 496 AA region of the envelope gene where sequences are available for 19 TB flaviviruses. The topology of the tree obtained (Fig. 3B) is consistent with that observed using complete ORF sequences but brings the additional information that ALKV and KFDV derive from a common ancestor ...
Current Trends in the Diagnosis of Equine Infectious Diseases
... Even if the traditional methods of diagnosis remain largely employed in the field, numbers of new technologies were developed these last years, offering to the biologists and to the equine practitioners, reliable, fast and powerful tools for equine veterinary medicine. The equine diseases which have ...
... Even if the traditional methods of diagnosis remain largely employed in the field, numbers of new technologies were developed these last years, offering to the biologists and to the equine practitioners, reliable, fast and powerful tools for equine veterinary medicine. The equine diseases which have ...
DNA sequencing
... pathogenicity. ISA workshop in Chile, Puerto Varas, November 19-20, 2007, organized by The Chilean Salmon Industry Association A.G. – Intesal-SalmonChile- and the National Service of Fishing – Sernapesca. Kibenge, F.S.B. 2007. ISA-v research and impacts on salmon farming in Canada. ISA workshop in C ...
... pathogenicity. ISA workshop in Chile, Puerto Varas, November 19-20, 2007, organized by The Chilean Salmon Industry Association A.G. – Intesal-SalmonChile- and the National Service of Fishing – Sernapesca. Kibenge, F.S.B. 2007. ISA-v research and impacts on salmon farming in Canada. ISA workshop in C ...
What Should the Victor Do with the Vanquished? Deciding the Fate
... virus began to mutate and change enough to diverge from its former host to become a strictly human pathogen. As people traveled to new lands, the virus went with them and spread into new territories, quickly infecting indigenous populations that had no previous exposure or immunity. Smallpox was des ...
... virus began to mutate and change enough to diverge from its former host to become a strictly human pathogen. As people traveled to new lands, the virus went with them and spread into new territories, quickly infecting indigenous populations that had no previous exposure or immunity. Smallpox was des ...
Phylogenetic analysis of Lithuanian tomato black ring virus isolates
... CP gene from our TBRV isolates. Apart from expected size products (~1500 bp), PCR also produced nonspecific bands in almost all virus positive samples (Fig. 2). As such bands were also amplified in negative controls (healthy plant tissue); nonspecifics probably were amplified from plant RNA. Nonspec ...
... CP gene from our TBRV isolates. Apart from expected size products (~1500 bp), PCR also produced nonspecific bands in almost all virus positive samples (Fig. 2). As such bands were also amplified in negative controls (healthy plant tissue); nonspecifics probably were amplified from plant RNA. Nonspec ...
Systemic Viral Infections and Ocular Complications Systemic
... FST-100 was the most efficacious in minimizing the clinical symptoms of adenovirus infection in rabbit eyes. FST-100 and 0.5% cidofovir were both equally effective in reducing viral titers and decreasing the duration of viral shedding. By providing symptomatic relief in addition to reducing infectio ...
... FST-100 was the most efficacious in minimizing the clinical symptoms of adenovirus infection in rabbit eyes. FST-100 and 0.5% cidofovir were both equally effective in reducing viral titers and decreasing the duration of viral shedding. By providing symptomatic relief in addition to reducing infectio ...
Acute Bronchitis and Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease GENERAL
... (Biaxin Bid®) 500 mg BID x 7 days or (Biaxin XL®) 1 000 mg DIE x 5-7 days OR Azithromycin† (Zithromax®) 500 mg DIE on 1st day then 250 mg DIE x 4 days ...
... (Biaxin Bid®) 500 mg BID x 7 days or (Biaxin XL®) 1 000 mg DIE x 5-7 days OR Azithromycin† (Zithromax®) 500 mg DIE on 1st day then 250 mg DIE x 4 days ...
Taura syndrome
Taura syndrome is one of the more devastating diseases affecting the shrimp farming industry worldwide.Taura syndrome (TS) was first described in Ecuador during the summer of 1992. In March 1993, it returned as a major epidemic and was the object of extensive media coverage. Retrospective studies have suggested a case of Taura syndrome might have occurred on a shrimp farm in Colombia as early as 1990 and the virus was already present in Ecuador in mid-1991. Between 1992 and 1997, the disease spread to all major regions of the Americas where whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is cultured. The economic impact of TS in the Americas during that period might have exceeded US$ 2 billion by some estimates.