mild mosaic and faint mottle ringspot, two papaya virus diseases of
... (Sulz.). Efforts to transmit the virus with Araphorophora sonchi (Oestlund), Macrosiphum ambrosiae (Thos.) and Aphis spiraecola Patch were unsuccessful.* The methods used in demonstrat ing transmission were described previously (6). ...
... (Sulz.). Efforts to transmit the virus with Araphorophora sonchi (Oestlund), Macrosiphum ambrosiae (Thos.) and Aphis spiraecola Patch were unsuccessful.* The methods used in demonstrat ing transmission were described previously (6). ...
HEPATITIS - Sveučilište u Zagrebu Medicinski fakultet
... the liver by replicating in liver cells During HBV infection, the host immune response causes both hepatocellular damage and viral clearance ...
... the liver by replicating in liver cells During HBV infection, the host immune response causes both hepatocellular damage and viral clearance ...
A novel plant virus with unique properties infecting Japanese holly fern
... used as a landscape plant in the southern USA. JHF plants showing yellow mottle, mosaic, ring spots, oak leaf pattern and necrosis were observed in home gardens, public landscapes and local nurseries in Louisiana (LA) and Mississippi (MS) (Fig. 1). Some diseased plants also exhibited reduced growth ...
... used as a landscape plant in the southern USA. JHF plants showing yellow mottle, mosaic, ring spots, oak leaf pattern and necrosis were observed in home gardens, public landscapes and local nurseries in Louisiana (LA) and Mississippi (MS) (Fig. 1). Some diseased plants also exhibited reduced growth ...
Full text in pdf format
... others who found that isolates of IHNV from chinook salmon in California had biochem~cal(Hsu et al. 1986) or growth (Mulcahy et al. 1984) characteristics that were unlike isolates recovered from other hosts or geographic locations. A second group of antigenic vanants was represented by the RB-76, OS ...
... others who found that isolates of IHNV from chinook salmon in California had biochem~cal(Hsu et al. 1986) or growth (Mulcahy et al. 1984) characteristics that were unlike isolates recovered from other hosts or geographic locations. A second group of antigenic vanants was represented by the RB-76, OS ...
AND GIDSAS
... Laboratory Status of laboratory tests currently under development Molecular tests (PCR) • PCR can detect genetic material of the SARS virus in various specimens (blood, stool, respiratory secretions or body tissue) • Primers, which are the key pieces for a PCR test, have been made publicly available ...
... Laboratory Status of laboratory tests currently under development Molecular tests (PCR) • PCR can detect genetic material of the SARS virus in various specimens (blood, stool, respiratory secretions or body tissue) • Primers, which are the key pieces for a PCR test, have been made publicly available ...
280 Appendix 41 Foot-and-mouth disease immunoprophylaxis
... 60 copies each of the viral proteins (VP) 1, VP2 and VP3. Many strongly neutralizing mAbs bind to a continuous antigenic site present on an exceptionally long flexible loop of VP1, the GH loop, that extrudes from the viral surface and can be removed by trypsin treatment (Strohmaier et al., 1982). Th ...
... 60 copies each of the viral proteins (VP) 1, VP2 and VP3. Many strongly neutralizing mAbs bind to a continuous antigenic site present on an exceptionally long flexible loop of VP1, the GH loop, that extrudes from the viral surface and can be removed by trypsin treatment (Strohmaier et al., 1982). Th ...
Distribution of Japanese encephalitis in Asia (1970
... The virus can infect people, horses, many birds, and some other animals Infection usually occurs in the late summer or early fall Most people who become infected with West Nile Virus have either no symptoms or only mild ones. A small percentage (<1%) of patients will develop more severe diseases fro ...
... The virus can infect people, horses, many birds, and some other animals Infection usually occurs in the late summer or early fall Most people who become infected with West Nile Virus have either no symptoms or only mild ones. A small percentage (<1%) of patients will develop more severe diseases fro ...
High Viral Load and Respiratory Failure in Adults Hospitalized for
... mortality is high (9%–14%) [2, 3]. Bronchoconstriction and hypoxemia are the major manifestations, as a result of acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or their combinations, not unlike pediatric RSV diseases [1–3, 5, 10]. In this cohort, almost 79%, 59%, and 53% of patients had required supple ...
... mortality is high (9%–14%) [2, 3]. Bronchoconstriction and hypoxemia are the major manifestations, as a result of acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or their combinations, not unlike pediatric RSV diseases [1–3, 5, 10]. In this cohort, almost 79%, 59%, and 53% of patients had required supple ...
Susceptibility of source plants to Sugarcane Fiji disease virus
... The results suggest that sugarcane cultivars used as source plants for virus acquisition by the vector affect virus acquisition (fig. 2) and transmission efficiency (fig. 1). A re-examination of previous transmission trial results indicates that the transmission efficiency of P. saccharicida was higher (72 ...
... The results suggest that sugarcane cultivars used as source plants for virus acquisition by the vector affect virus acquisition (fig. 2) and transmission efficiency (fig. 1). A re-examination of previous transmission trial results indicates that the transmission efficiency of P. saccharicida was higher (72 ...
Ecosphere 5 - Wiley Online Library
... examples, because the ecological and evolutionary dynamics between the hosts and introduced pathogens are newly established, rather than having being shaped by historical interactions. The pathogens face immune responses that are typically different from those of their historical hosts; similarly th ...
... examples, because the ecological and evolutionary dynamics between the hosts and introduced pathogens are newly established, rather than having being shaped by historical interactions. The pathogens face immune responses that are typically different from those of their historical hosts; similarly th ...
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Part 1. Diagnostic Overview
... transfer, and the sale and introduction of animals to herds of known disease status. It is usual to test animals first to detect specific antibodies to BHV-1 as an indication of past and probable latent infection with BHV1. For many purposes, the detection of antibodies to BHV-1 will render the anim ...
... transfer, and the sale and introduction of animals to herds of known disease status. It is usual to test animals first to detect specific antibodies to BHV-1 as an indication of past and probable latent infection with BHV1. For many purposes, the detection of antibodies to BHV-1 will render the anim ...
T.09e Intestinal Disorders Caused By Viruses Part 1
... these measures. In particular, early and adequate administration of the colostrum should be ensured. This vaccination of the dam should be carried out throughout the herd. Every cow should be vaccinated before calving. Vaccination of the calf can be carried out immediately after birth, using a modif ...
... these measures. In particular, early and adequate administration of the colostrum should be ensured. This vaccination of the dam should be carried out throughout the herd. Every cow should be vaccinated before calving. Vaccination of the calf can be carried out immediately after birth, using a modif ...
1960 THRESH, J. M. Quarantine arrangements for intercepting
... diagnosed by thorough and frequent inspections over a period of several months. Some infection, particularly in tolerant niaterial. is unlikely to be recognized in this way and top-working with a susceptible bud should he used as a final check on the presence of virus. Thus, it is suggested that all ...
... diagnosed by thorough and frequent inspections over a period of several months. Some infection, particularly in tolerant niaterial. is unlikely to be recognized in this way and top-working with a susceptible bud should he used as a final check on the presence of virus. Thus, it is suggested that all ...
epstein-barr virus and cytomegalovirus
... within endothelial cells may contribute to vascular inflammation, vascular occlusion, and end-organ damage [3]. Epstein-Barr virus EBV infection is transmitted from person to person by contact with infectious body fluids (saliva, breast milk etc). Oral contact with infectious saliva is the most comm ...
... within endothelial cells may contribute to vascular inflammation, vascular occlusion, and end-organ damage [3]. Epstein-Barr virus EBV infection is transmitted from person to person by contact with infectious body fluids (saliva, breast milk etc). Oral contact with infectious saliva is the most comm ...
Feline leukaemia virus
... the body and in particular to the bone marrow. If the cat is able to eliminate the virus, this will occur during the initial stages (4 - 12 weeks) of infection. Once significant infection of the bone marrow is present, the cat remains infected for the rest of its life. Very rarely FeLV infection may ...
... the body and in particular to the bone marrow. If the cat is able to eliminate the virus, this will occur during the initial stages (4 - 12 weeks) of infection. Once significant infection of the bone marrow is present, the cat remains infected for the rest of its life. Very rarely FeLV infection may ...
Difference in virus excretion and transmission between dairy cows and calves in the course of an acute FMDV infection
... and random effects were included. As dependent variable the AUC (area under the curve) was calculated which represents the total virus excretion in oro-pharyngeal fluid per animal for the full sampled period of 14 days. Two binary variables ‘age’ (calf or cow) and ‘status’ (inoculated or contact-exp ...
... and random effects were included. As dependent variable the AUC (area under the curve) was calculated which represents the total virus excretion in oro-pharyngeal fluid per animal for the full sampled period of 14 days. Two binary variables ‘age’ (calf or cow) and ‘status’ (inoculated or contact-exp ...
DENGUE CHIKUNGUNYA and ZIKA
... • The most common symptoms of Zika are fever, rash, joint pain, or conjunctivitis (red eyes). Other common symptoms include muscle pain and headache. The incubation period (the time from exposure to symptoms) for Zika virus disease is not known, but is likely to be a few days to a week. • The illnes ...
... • The most common symptoms of Zika are fever, rash, joint pain, or conjunctivitis (red eyes). Other common symptoms include muscle pain and headache. The incubation period (the time from exposure to symptoms) for Zika virus disease is not known, but is likely to be a few days to a week. • The illnes ...
Overview of Avian Influenza
... antibody produced for one subtype will not neutralize viruses from other subtypes • Subtypes are defined by antigenic characteristics of the virus • Virus isolates will occasionally cross react with more than one reference antibodies • Hemagglutination inhibition tests provide a simple way to measur ...
... antibody produced for one subtype will not neutralize viruses from other subtypes • Subtypes are defined by antigenic characteristics of the virus • Virus isolates will occasionally cross react with more than one reference antibodies • Hemagglutination inhibition tests provide a simple way to measur ...
II. Classification of Microorganisms
... – Large, enveloped DNA viruses – Icosahedral capsids – DNA replicates in the nucleus of host cells – Cells may become permanently infected – Host chromosomes may be altered – Herpes infections associated with certain cancers ...
... – Large, enveloped DNA viruses – Icosahedral capsids – DNA replicates in the nucleus of host cells – Cells may become permanently infected – Host chromosomes may be altered – Herpes infections associated with certain cancers ...
Title: Hormonal Profiles in sows infected with Atypical Porcine
... cannot be used as an abortifacient (Clark et al 1986). The majority of estrogens (estradiol 17b, etc) become significantly elevated only several days prior to parturition. However, estrone sulfate levels manifest with a biphasic peak with the initial peak in the first trimester (30+ days) and the se ...
... cannot be used as an abortifacient (Clark et al 1986). The majority of estrogens (estradiol 17b, etc) become significantly elevated only several days prior to parturition. However, estrone sulfate levels manifest with a biphasic peak with the initial peak in the first trimester (30+ days) and the se ...
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 DNA
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 DNA
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
Bacterial pathogens isolated from cultured bullfrogs (Rana
... (PI) cattle that could be used with or without RNA extraction. In the present study, the PCR assay was evaluated for its ability to detect BVDV in young calves as a screening tool for detection of persistent infections. Both methods, PCR after RNA extraction (rPCR) and the direct method without RNA ...
... (PI) cattle that could be used with or without RNA extraction. In the present study, the PCR assay was evaluated for its ability to detect BVDV in young calves as a screening tool for detection of persistent infections. Both methods, PCR after RNA extraction (rPCR) and the direct method without RNA ...
A full UL13 open reading frame in Marek`s disease virus (MDV) is
... Abstract – Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that is highly contagious in poultry. Recombinant RB-1B (rRB-1B) reconstituted from an infectious genome cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is unable to spread horizontally, quite in contrast to parental RB-1B. Th ...
... Abstract – Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that is highly contagious in poultry. Recombinant RB-1B (rRB-1B) reconstituted from an infectious genome cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is unable to spread horizontally, quite in contrast to parental RB-1B. Th ...
CDC Hepatitis Info
... HAV infection is primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, by either person-toperson contact or consumption of contaminated food or water. Although viremia occurs early in infection and can persist for several weeks after onset of symptoms, bloodborne transmission of HAV is uncommon. HAV occasi ...
... HAV infection is primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, by either person-toperson contact or consumption of contaminated food or water. Although viremia occurs early in infection and can persist for several weeks after onset of symptoms, bloodborne transmission of HAV is uncommon. HAV occasi ...
Taura syndrome
Taura syndrome is one of the more devastating diseases affecting the shrimp farming industry worldwide.Taura syndrome (TS) was first described in Ecuador during the summer of 1992. In March 1993, it returned as a major epidemic and was the object of extensive media coverage. Retrospective studies have suggested a case of Taura syndrome might have occurred on a shrimp farm in Colombia as early as 1990 and the virus was already present in Ecuador in mid-1991. Between 1992 and 1997, the disease spread to all major regions of the Americas where whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is cultured. The economic impact of TS in the Americas during that period might have exceeded US$ 2 billion by some estimates.