ANTIGEN PRESENTATION and the MHC
... The activation of T lymphocytes is mediated by; the interaction of T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) with their ligands (major histocompatibility molecule-peptide complexes, MHCpeptide), and by a specific co-stimulatory signal like CD28 and B7 or CD40L and CD40. Within seconds of MHC-peptide engagemen ...
... The activation of T lymphocytes is mediated by; the interaction of T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) with their ligands (major histocompatibility molecule-peptide complexes, MHCpeptide), and by a specific co-stimulatory signal like CD28 and B7 or CD40L and CD40. Within seconds of MHC-peptide engagemen ...
- University of East Anglia
... attention to husbandry and parental lineages, when interpreting microbiota analysis of mutant and wildtype mice. It is well known that the microbiota are critically important for host metabolism (Science 2012; 336:1262-1267). The study by Larssen et al, also indicates that metabolism related genes, ...
... attention to husbandry and parental lineages, when interpreting microbiota analysis of mutant and wildtype mice. It is well known that the microbiota are critically important for host metabolism (Science 2012; 336:1262-1267). The study by Larssen et al, also indicates that metabolism related genes, ...
Drug-drug interactions in inpatient and outpatient settings in Iran: a
... behavioral responses like amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility [1]. The association between the specific sites of CNS and the functions of general anesthetics has been recently discovered. The amnesic effect of general anesthetics is closely related with the hippocampus. Sedation is r ...
... behavioral responses like amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility [1]. The association between the specific sites of CNS and the functions of general anesthetics has been recently discovered. The amnesic effect of general anesthetics is closely related with the hippocampus. Sedation is r ...
The Situation with Gluten
... cytokines. These very aggressive substances damage all tissues, making the brain more vulnerable a dysfunction or a disease. Pro-inflammatory cytokines attack the brain. Anti-gliadin antibodies may come into contact with proteins from the brain resembling gliadin and attack them (not differentiating ...
... cytokines. These very aggressive substances damage all tissues, making the brain more vulnerable a dysfunction or a disease. Pro-inflammatory cytokines attack the brain. Anti-gliadin antibodies may come into contact with proteins from the brain resembling gliadin and attack them (not differentiating ...
A new perspective on COPD exacerbations: monitoring impact by measuring physical,
... patients’ reactions to an exacerbation. Besides the degree of severity of COPD exacerbations, these findings emphasise that physical resilience will play an important role in recovery following exacerbations. It seems also very reasonable to hypothesise that psychological and social resilience play ...
... patients’ reactions to an exacerbation. Besides the degree of severity of COPD exacerbations, these findings emphasise that physical resilience will play an important role in recovery following exacerbations. It seems also very reasonable to hypothesise that psychological and social resilience play ...
Thermal ablation of tumours: biological
... reversible. Metabolic functions might be deranged or halted, and cells in this zone are vulnerable to further injury; for example, radiation-induced inhibition of DNA repair and cell recovery can eliminate already susceptible cells. The peripheral zone has increased blood flow (hyperaemia), and this ...
... reversible. Metabolic functions might be deranged or halted, and cells in this zone are vulnerable to further injury; for example, radiation-induced inhibition of DNA repair and cell recovery can eliminate already susceptible cells. The peripheral zone has increased blood flow (hyperaemia), and this ...
psychogenicinfertility
... the psychological features of infertility are based on two contrasting theoretical models • The first model (psychodynamic-oriented) consider the role of psychogenic elements among the causes of infertility (‘psychogenic’ hypothesis); • or • The second model consider a psychological distress is sec ...
... the psychological features of infertility are based on two contrasting theoretical models • The first model (psychodynamic-oriented) consider the role of psychogenic elements among the causes of infertility (‘psychogenic’ hypothesis); • or • The second model consider a psychological distress is sec ...
Three-Dimensional Gradients of Cytokine Signaling between T Cells
... molecule in 1700 μm3, compared to ~500 μm3 volume of a typical lymphocyte. Higher, systemically elevated cytokine levels arise only in certain immunopathologies, so-called ‘cytokine storms’, where they cause severe damage [14]. However, it has been demonstrated that cytokine concentrations are not a ...
... molecule in 1700 μm3, compared to ~500 μm3 volume of a typical lymphocyte. Higher, systemically elevated cytokine levels arise only in certain immunopathologies, so-called ‘cytokine storms’, where they cause severe damage [14]. However, it has been demonstrated that cytokine concentrations are not a ...
Host responses in periodontal diseases: a preview
... hyperglycemia may lead to chronically activated innate immunity and chronic inflammation in the periodontium by either blocking or suppressing pathways of resolution. Nassar et al. (13) examined the role of innate immunity, inflammation and resolution of inflammation as essential components in the d ...
... hyperglycemia may lead to chronically activated innate immunity and chronic inflammation in the periodontium by either blocking or suppressing pathways of resolution. Nassar et al. (13) examined the role of innate immunity, inflammation and resolution of inflammation as essential components in the d ...
Cells Inhibits NK Cell Antitumor Activity GITR Ligand Provided by
... concomitant depletion of platelets and NK cells reverts the antimetastatic phenotype of thrombocytopenic mice (11–16). It has thus been proposed that platelets may protect tumor cells from NK-dependent antitumor immunity during their passage from the primary tumor to a metastatic site. NK cells are ...
... concomitant depletion of platelets and NK cells reverts the antimetastatic phenotype of thrombocytopenic mice (11–16). It has thus been proposed that platelets may protect tumor cells from NK-dependent antitumor immunity during their passage from the primary tumor to a metastatic site. NK cells are ...
Pivotal Role of the B7:CD28 Pathway in
... ' (eg, endothelium) can also present antigen under certain condition^.**^*^ Three distinct stages of cell-cell interaction between APCs and antigen-specificT cells are required to induce an antigenspecific immune response. Figure 1 depicts the known cell interaction molecules that are responsible fo ...
... ' (eg, endothelium) can also present antigen under certain condition^.**^*^ Three distinct stages of cell-cell interaction between APCs and antigen-specificT cells are required to induce an antigenspecific immune response. Figure 1 depicts the known cell interaction molecules that are responsible fo ...
A Stress-Induced Shift From Trace to Delay Conditioning Depends
... To assess delay and trace conditioning in one task, we intermixed a CS1 that coterminated with the US (CS1delay) (Figure 2), another CS1 that was followed by the US after an interval of 3 seconds (CS1trace), and a third stimulus that was never reinforced (conditioned stimulus not paired with the US, ...
... To assess delay and trace conditioning in one task, we intermixed a CS1 that coterminated with the US (CS1delay) (Figure 2), another CS1 that was followed by the US after an interval of 3 seconds (CS1trace), and a third stimulus that was never reinforced (conditioned stimulus not paired with the US, ...
Mouse Cytomegalovirus infection overrules T Open Access
... immune responses. However, their specific role during MCMV infection, especially pertaining to their interaction with NK cells, remains incompletely defined. Methods: To understand the contribution of Tregs on NK cell function during acute MCMV infection, we infected Treg depleted and undepleted DER ...
... immune responses. However, their specific role during MCMV infection, especially pertaining to their interaction with NK cells, remains incompletely defined. Methods: To understand the contribution of Tregs on NK cell function during acute MCMV infection, we infected Treg depleted and undepleted DER ...
Transmission of a fatal clonal tumor by biting occurs carnivorous marsupial
... that the tumor is clonal and therefore foreign to host devils. Thus, the disease is highly unusual because it is not just a tumor but also a tissue graft, passed between individuals without invoking an immune response. The MHC plays a key role in immune responses to both tumors and grafts. The most ...
... that the tumor is clonal and therefore foreign to host devils. Thus, the disease is highly unusual because it is not just a tumor but also a tissue graft, passed between individuals without invoking an immune response. The MHC plays a key role in immune responses to both tumors and grafts. The most ...
Reconstruction of Natural Scenes from Ensemble Responses in the
... spatiotemporal white-noise stimuli and the reverse correlation method (Sutter, 1987; Reid et al., 1997). Only X cells were selected for f urther studies because they are presumably involved in processing the spatial details of visual scenes (Wässle and Boycott, 1991) and they have relatively linear ...
... spatiotemporal white-noise stimuli and the reverse correlation method (Sutter, 1987; Reid et al., 1997). Only X cells were selected for f urther studies because they are presumably involved in processing the spatial details of visual scenes (Wässle and Boycott, 1991) and they have relatively linear ...
Treatment name Type Focus of Studies Company or Organization
... Eli Lilly Brain Resource Center ...
... Eli Lilly Brain Resource Center ...
Neutrophils diminish T-cell immunity to foster gastric cancer
... Neutrophils are the predominant leucocytes in the blood and act as the first line of host defence against invading pathogens. Neutrophils have also been shown to play important roles in the other pathological conditions, including cancer. In the past decade, many efforts have been made to clarify the ...
... Neutrophils are the predominant leucocytes in the blood and act as the first line of host defence against invading pathogens. Neutrophils have also been shown to play important roles in the other pathological conditions, including cancer. In the past decade, many efforts have been made to clarify the ...
Psychoneuroimmunology
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), also referred to as psychoendoneuroimmunology (PENI), is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body. PNI takes an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating psychology, neuroscience, immunology, physiology, genetics, pharmacology, molecular biology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious diseases, endocrinology, and rheumatology.The main interests of PNI are the interactions between the nervous and immune systems and the relationships between mental processes and health. PNI studies, among other things, the physiological functioning of the neuroimmune system in health and disease; disorders of the neuroimmune system (autoimmune diseases; hypersensitivities; immune deficiency); and the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the neuroimmune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.