... infectious diseases. The cells and molecules responsible for immunity constitute the immune system, and their collective and coordinated response after the introduction of foreign substance is the immune response. We now know that many of the mechanisms of resistance to infections also involve the i ...
Bodily Contributions to Emotion: Schachter`s Legacy for a
... Conditions in which internal body representations are impaired or attenuated more specifically point to the body’s role in emotion experience. Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to autonomic denervation, resulting in decreased transmission of afferent information from ...
... Conditions in which internal body representations are impaired or attenuated more specifically point to the body’s role in emotion experience. Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to autonomic denervation, resulting in decreased transmission of afferent information from ...
Pathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma
... extrinsic or atopic allergic and intrinsic asthma. Understanding the morphological changes seen in the lungs in cases of severe asthma Listing clinical presentation in cases of asthma Listing the complications of asthma: superimposed infection, chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema Definition a ...
... extrinsic or atopic allergic and intrinsic asthma. Understanding the morphological changes seen in the lungs in cases of severe asthma Listing clinical presentation in cases of asthma Listing the complications of asthma: superimposed infection, chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema Definition a ...
SERIES "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PULMONARY INFECTIONS" Number 5 in this Series
... active components of the organism will prove to play an important role. Unfortunately the identification of such active components of the organism is still in its infancy. The crucial role of Type 1 responses. The ability to manipulate the immune system of mice with neutralizing antibodies or gene k ...
... active components of the organism will prove to play an important role. Unfortunately the identification of such active components of the organism is still in its infancy. The crucial role of Type 1 responses. The ability to manipulate the immune system of mice with neutralizing antibodies or gene k ...
Barrier-protective function of intestinal epithelial TLR2 Barrier
... Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology University Hospital of Essen Essen, Germany ...
... Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology University Hospital of Essen Essen, Germany ...
The Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on
... by ingesting the invader and eradicating them (University, 2009). ...
... by ingesting the invader and eradicating them (University, 2009). ...
doc PHGY311
... released from neuronal terminals in the median eminence. The neurohormones are delivered to the anterior pituitary through a specialized capillary network, described in Chapter 2 and illustrated in Figure 2–2. The hypothalamic neuropeptides travel down the long hypophysial portal veins to the anteri ...
... released from neuronal terminals in the median eminence. The neurohormones are delivered to the anterior pituitary through a specialized capillary network, described in Chapter 2 and illustrated in Figure 2–2. The hypothalamic neuropeptides travel down the long hypophysial portal veins to the anteri ...
Host–pathogen interactions in sepsis
... together in specific sequences of chromosomal DNA from which they act in concert to cause disease. Pathogenicity islands (now known simply as genomic islands) are unique sequences of DNA found in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,15,16 and probably evolved from temperate bacteriophages. T ...
... together in specific sequences of chromosomal DNA from which they act in concert to cause disease. Pathogenicity islands (now known simply as genomic islands) are unique sequences of DNA found in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,15,16 and probably evolved from temperate bacteriophages. T ...
Impaired expression of Toll-like receptor 2 in nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease Y.J. Ryu*
... lung disease and healthy controls, and to assess the responses of these monocytes to TLR2 agonists such as Mycobacterium avium and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Reverse transcriptase–PCR was used to analyse TLR2 mRNA expression in peripheral blood monocytes from 17 NTM patients and 10 healthy controls. m ...
... lung disease and healthy controls, and to assess the responses of these monocytes to TLR2 agonists such as Mycobacterium avium and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Reverse transcriptase–PCR was used to analyse TLR2 mRNA expression in peripheral blood monocytes from 17 NTM patients and 10 healthy controls. m ...
Cnidarian-Microbe Interactions and the Origin of Innate Immunity in
... to this question—one of the most fundamental in biology—depends on how one defines “symbiotic interactions” and “microbes.” Early animals diverged from their protistan ancestors 700– 800 mya, some three billion years after bacterial life originated and as much as one billion years after the first appe ...
... to this question—one of the most fundamental in biology—depends on how one defines “symbiotic interactions” and “microbes.” Early animals diverged from their protistan ancestors 700– 800 mya, some three billion years after bacterial life originated and as much as one billion years after the first appe ...
B cell fate following immunization: from memory B cells to plasma cells
... are poorly exposed and thus less immunogenic HIV-1 is highly prone to immune escape, posing an extreme challenge for vaccine development. Elicitation of antibodies capable of neutralizing a broad range of HIV-1 strains and persist over time are likely to be required for an effective vaccine. This ha ...
... are poorly exposed and thus less immunogenic HIV-1 is highly prone to immune escape, posing an extreme challenge for vaccine development. Elicitation of antibodies capable of neutralizing a broad range of HIV-1 strains and persist over time are likely to be required for an effective vaccine. This ha ...
Introduction to Mathematical Modeling in
... Equilibrium points of 4-population system (no treatment) are found at points where the values of LE1 from equation (20) intersect with the solutions L of equation (21). These points of intersection can be found numerically, yielding equilibrium point(s) (TE,NE,LE,CE). ...
... Equilibrium points of 4-population system (no treatment) are found at points where the values of LE1 from equation (20) intersect with the solutions L of equation (21). These points of intersection can be found numerically, yielding equilibrium point(s) (TE,NE,LE,CE). ...
Rifampicin Induced Thrombocytopenic Purpura
... liver enzyme levels5. Rifampicin is suggested to act as a hapten and produce antibodies after combining with some molecules in the plasma. These antibodies against rifampicin are suggested to fix a complement on the platelets in the presence of rifampicin resulting in platelet destruction6. Thromboc ...
... liver enzyme levels5. Rifampicin is suggested to act as a hapten and produce antibodies after combining with some molecules in the plasma. These antibodies against rifampicin are suggested to fix a complement on the platelets in the presence of rifampicin resulting in platelet destruction6. Thromboc ...
Origin of Anti-tumor Immunity Failure in Mammals
... and largely understood, certainly had their own evolution. Searching for the origin and details of the evolution of “advanced solutions” as well as selection pressures that might justify their emergence and existence, we often fail to see that many such phenomena are, in fact, co-evolutionary byprod ...
... and largely understood, certainly had their own evolution. Searching for the origin and details of the evolution of “advanced solutions” as well as selection pressures that might justify their emergence and existence, we often fail to see that many such phenomena are, in fact, co-evolutionary byprod ...
Horvitz, J.C. Stimulus-response and response
... respond to the presentation of non-reward-related visual target stimuli (interspersed with reward-related target trials) approximately 40 ms prior to the onset of the DA inhibitory response to salient non-reward stimuli [83,92]. The rapid non-discriminating activation onset of the DA response may se ...
... respond to the presentation of non-reward-related visual target stimuli (interspersed with reward-related target trials) approximately 40 ms prior to the onset of the DA inhibitory response to salient non-reward stimuli [83,92]. The rapid non-discriminating activation onset of the DA response may se ...
Treg and CTLA-4: Two intertwining pathways to
... sequencing project [52] to determine the causal mutation in the scurfy mouse, an animal presenting with a severe lymphoproliferative syndrome [53]. The Foxp3 gene was pinpointed as the culprit, and it was shown that a frameshift mutation in scurfy mice resulted in a product lacking the carboxy-termi ...
... sequencing project [52] to determine the causal mutation in the scurfy mouse, an animal presenting with a severe lymphoproliferative syndrome [53]. The Foxp3 gene was pinpointed as the culprit, and it was shown that a frameshift mutation in scurfy mice resulted in a product lacking the carboxy-termi ...
File - effectivenetwork.org
... The oxygen binding status of hemoglobin affects its ability to convert nitrite to NO Conversion of nitrite to NO is most active during periods of rapid deoxygenation. What are the consequences of this? provides a mechanism whereby the body is able to produce ...
... The oxygen binding status of hemoglobin affects its ability to convert nitrite to NO Conversion of nitrite to NO is most active during periods of rapid deoxygenation. What are the consequences of this? provides a mechanism whereby the body is able to produce ...
RNA released from necrotic synovial fluid cells activates rheumatoid
... Recent evidence indicates that the innate immune system plays a decisive role in host defense and self-tolerance (1). Cells of the innate immune system express pattern-recognition receptors, such as the Tolllike receptors (TLRs), which sense certain highly conserved structures that are found on many ...
... Recent evidence indicates that the innate immune system plays a decisive role in host defense and self-tolerance (1). Cells of the innate immune system express pattern-recognition receptors, such as the Tolllike receptors (TLRs), which sense certain highly conserved structures that are found on many ...
... Fish are by far the most successful and diverse group of vertebrates, representing 40% of all vertebrate species and displaying an amazing level of diversity in several biological aspects. They exhibit a number of genomic particularities unique among vertebrates that present fish as a very interesti ...
The Role of Hepatocyte Growth Factor/c
... stimuli. Detailed studies into the role of HGF in the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells in inflammation showed that HGF induced not only lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1-mediated adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells, but also transmigration of neutrophils in a concen ...
... stimuli. Detailed studies into the role of HGF in the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells in inflammation showed that HGF induced not only lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1-mediated adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells, but also transmigration of neutrophils in a concen ...
The Integrative Action of the Autonomic Nervous System
... with autonomic failure but the ability to cope with external stressors severely compromises their quality of life. The extent to which the practical difficulties of daily life for people with spinal cord injury, which disrupts the links between the brain and the autonomic control of the body’s organ ...
... with autonomic failure but the ability to cope with external stressors severely compromises their quality of life. The extent to which the practical difficulties of daily life for people with spinal cord injury, which disrupts the links between the brain and the autonomic control of the body’s organ ...
Psychoneuroimmunology
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), also referred to as psychoendoneuroimmunology (PENI), is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body. PNI takes an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating psychology, neuroscience, immunology, physiology, genetics, pharmacology, molecular biology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious diseases, endocrinology, and rheumatology.The main interests of PNI are the interactions between the nervous and immune systems and the relationships between mental processes and health. PNI studies, among other things, the physiological functioning of the neuroimmune system in health and disease; disorders of the neuroimmune system (autoimmune diseases; hypersensitivities; immune deficiency); and the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the neuroimmune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.